Desflurane anesthesia compared with total intravenous anesthesia on anesthesia-controlled operating room time in ambulatory surgery following strabotomy: a randomized controlled study.

Background: Ophthalmic ambulatory surgery is preferred to be performed under general anesthesia either by total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) or by inhalational anesthesia to increase the patient comfort. However, anesthesia-controlled time (ACT) can cause increased non-operative operating room (OR) time which may adversely affect the ORs efficiency. This study was aimed to compare the ACT of desflurane with that of propofol-remifentanil in strabismus ambulatory surgery.

Effects of anti-histamine treatment on liver injury triggered by small intestinal ischemia reperfusion in rats.

Mast cell (MC) degranulation has been implicated in small intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IIR) injury, therein, inhibiting overproduction of histamine released from activated MC may provide promising strategies against IIR-mediated liver injuries. The aim of the present study was to explore whether anti-histamine treatment contribute to attenuating IIR-mediated liver injury. Adult SD rats were randomized into sham-operated group (S group), sole IIR group (IIR group), and IIR treated with Ketotifen, a histamine antagonist (IIR+K group), Cromolyn Sodium, a MC stabilizer (IIR+C group), and Compound 48/80, a MC degranulator (IIR+CP group), respectively.

[Effects of cromolyn sodium on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting PAR-2 expression in rats].

Objective: To explore the effects of cromolyn sodium (CS) on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR) and its relationship with mast cell activation and protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) expression.

Methods: A total of 32 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham-operated (S), intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IIR), CS (a mast cell stabilizer, CS, 25 mg/kg) and compound 48/80 (a mast cell degranulation, CP, 0.75 mg/kg) (n = 8 each).

Effects of propofol intravenous injection bolus on the left ventricular function and the myocardial beta-adrenoceptor in rats.

Propofol bolus injection has been reported to influence cardiovascular functions. However, the detailed mechanism underlying this action has not been elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the effects of propofol i.

[Changes of systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics and plasma levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and endothelin-1 in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome].

Objective: To observe the changes of systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics and the plasma levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) and investigate their association in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS).

Methods: Twenty-six patients with HPS undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were enrolled in this study with 20 patients without hypoxemia as the control group. Blood samples were taken one day before OLT to measure the plasma levels of iNOS and ET-1 using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) and radioimmunoassay, respectively, with 10 healthy volunteers serving as the healthy control group.

[Role of sodium cromoglycate in brain protection and its effects on tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils].

Objective: To investigate the role of sodium cromoglycate in brain protection and its effects on brain tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) expressions after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in gerbils.

Methods: Twenty-four healthy male gerbils were randomized into 3 equal groups, namely the sham-operated group with isolation of the bilateral carotid arteries but without occlusion, IR injury model group with bilateral carotid artery occlusion, and sodium cromoglycate treatment group with bilateral carotid artery occlusion and sodium cromoglycate administration at 25 mg/kg via the lingual vein as soon as the reperfusion start with another dose 1 h later. The animals were then sacrificed and the thalamus were removed, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and sliced for observation under light microscope with HE staining.

Influence of Ketotifen, Cromolyn Sodium, and Compound 48/80 on the survival rates after intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.

Background: Mast cells were associated with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, the study was to observe the influence of Ketotifen, Cromolyn Sdium(CS), and Compound 48/80(CP) on the survival rates on the third day after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Methods: 120 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, Sham-operated group (group S), model group (group M), group K, group C and group CP. Intestinal damage was triggered by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 75 minutes, group K, C, and CP were treated with kotifen 1 mg.

[Effect of Astragalus membranacaus injection on activity of intestinal mucosal mast cells and inflammatory response after hemorrahagic shock-reperfusion in rats].

Objective: To observe the effects of astragalus membranacaus injection on the activity of the intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) and inflammatory response after hemorrahagic shock-reperfusion in rats.

Method: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, model group, low dosage group, (treated with astragalus membranacaus 10 g kg(-1)) and high dosage group (treated with astragalus membranacaus 20 g kg(-1)). Models of hemorrhage shock for 60 minutes and reperfusion for 90 minutes were created.

Pretreatment of cromolyn sodium prior to reperfusion attenuates early reperfusion injury after the small intestine ischemia in rats.

Aim: To investigate the effects of Cromolyn Sodium (CS) pretreated prior to reperfusion on the activity of intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) and mucous membrane of the small intestine in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury of rats.

Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham group (group S), model group (group M), high and low dosage of CS groups, (treated with CS 50 mg/kg or 25 mg/kg, group C1 and C2). Intestinal IR damage was induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 60 min.

[Cromolyn sodium ameliorates rat left cardiac function during intestinal ischemia-reperfusion].

Objective: To investigate cardiac function impairment and myocardial injury in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion and the protective effect of cromolyn sodium.

Methods: Thirty-two SD rats were randomized into 4 groups (n=8), namely the sham operation group, model group, 50 mg/kg cromolyn sodium group, and 25 mg/kg cromolyn sodium group. Intestinal damage was induced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by reperfusion for 60 min.

Effect of Astragalus membranaceus injection on the activity of the intestinal mucosal mast cells after hemorrhagic shock-reperfusion in rats.

Background: The mechanism of mucosal damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) after hemorrhagic shock is complex; mast cells (MC) degranulation is associated with the mucosal damage. Astragalus membranaceus can protect intestinal mucosa against intestinal oxidative damage after hemorrhagic shock, and some antioxidant agents could prevent MC against degranulation. This study aimed to observe the effects of astragalus membranaceus injection on the activity of intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) after hemorrhage shock-reperfusion in rats.

[Change in mixed venous oxygen saturation in patients in perioperative periods of orthotopic liver transplantation and its clinical implication].

Objective: To observe the changes in mixed venous oxygen saturation(SvO(2))during perioperative periods of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), and explore its clinical significances.

Methods: Twenty patients in terminal stage of hepatic cirrhosis were scheduled for OLT under combined general anesthesia. Vigilance monitor (Edwards, USA) was employed to monitor perioperative SvO(2), oxygen delivery (DO(2)), oxygen consumption(VO(2)), oxygen extraction rate (ERO(2)) and body temperature, cardiac output (CO), and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP).

[Changes in oxygen metabolism in hepatitis B gravis in peri-operative stages of orthotopic liver transplantation].

Objective: To investigate the changes in oxygen metabolism in peri-operative stages in hepatitis B gravis and non-hepatitis B gravis undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).

Methods: Twelve patients undergoing OLT for hepatitis B gravis (experimental group) and 10 patients without hepatitis B gravis (control group) were enrolled for study. Anesthesia was induced by propofol, fentanyl and vecuronium bromide, and maintained with isoflurane.