Direct Preparation of Alginate Oligosaccharides from Brown Algae by an Algae-Decomposing Alginate Lyase AlyP18 from the Marine Bacterium A3.

Alginate oligosaccharides (AOs), derived from alginate degradation, exhibit diverse biological activities and hold significant promise in various fields. The enzymatic preparation of AOs relies on alginate lyases, which offers distinct advantages. In contrast to the conventional use of sodium alginate derived from brown algae as the substrate for the enzymatic preparation of AOs, AO preparation directly from brown algae is more appealing due to its time and energy efficiency.

Species Composition of a Small Mammal Community and Prevalence of spp. in the Alpine Pastoral Area of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau.

We aimed to investigate the species composition of a small mammal community and the prevalence of spp. in a typical endemic area of the Tibetan Plateau. One pika and five rodent species were identified based on the morphological characteristics of 1278 small mammal specimens collected during 2014-2019.

Cost-effective production of alginate oligosaccharides from Laminaria japonica roots by Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans A3.

Background: Alginate oligosaccharides (AOs) are the degradation products of alginate, a natural polysaccharide abundant in brown algae. AOs generated by enzymatic hydrolysis have diverse bioactivities and show broad application potentials. AOs production via enzymolysis is now generally with sodium alginate as the raw material, which is chemically extracted from brown algae.

Transformation of hydroxylamine to nitrosated and nitrated products during advanced oxidation process.

Recently, hydroxylamine (HAm) was introduced to drive advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for removing organic contaminants. However, we found that HAm-driven Cu(II)/peroxymonosulfate oxidation of phenol produced p-nitrosophenol, 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol. The total nitro(so) products accounted for approximately 25.

Synergy of the Two Alginate Lyase Domains of a Novel Alginate Lyase from sp. NC2 in Alginate Degradation.

Alginate lyases play a vital role in the degradation of alginate, an important marine carbon source. Alginate is a complex macromolecular substrate, and the synergy of alginate lyases is important for the alginate utilization by microbes and the application of alginate lyases in biotechnology. Although many studies have focused on the synergy between different alginate lyases, the synergy between two alginate lyase domains of one alginate lyase has not been reported.

On the grinding effects of high-silicon iron tailings.

The main chemical component of high-silicon iron tailings (HSITs) is SiO; HSITs also include some oxides such as AlO and CaO. Mechanical activation can reduce the particle size of HSITs and enhance their pozzolanic activity such that they can be used as a type of mineral admixture for cement-based materials (CBMs). This study aims to investigate the mechanical activation (ultrafine grinding) effects of HSITs, including physical and crystallization structure effects.

A new dihydroflavone and a new polyacetylene glucoside from .

A new dihydroflavone, 2()-isookanin-4'-methoxy-8----glucopyranoside (), and a new polyacetylene glucoside, (10)-tridecane-2-ene-4,6,8-triyne-1-ol-10----glucopyranoside (), along with seven known compounds (), were isolated from the herb of Willd. The structures of all the extracted compounds were elucidated by HR-ESI-MS, 1 D and 2 D NMR spectra, as well as circular dichroism (CD).

Treatment of bilateral granulomatous lobular mastitis during lactation with traditional Chinese medicine: A case report.

Background: Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a type of benign chronic inflammatory disease that poses therapeutic challenges to healthcare providers. The diagnosis of GLM relies on tissue biopsy, and incorrect treatment may lead to delayed diagnosis, considerable aesthetic damage, and even mastectomy.

Case Summary: We report the case of a 37-year-old Chinese woman who was lactating and had GLM in both breasts.

Restoring VTA DA neurons excitability accelerates emergence from sevoflurane general anesthesia of anxiety state.

Preoperative anxiety is common and often comes with a higher probability of worse recovery. However, the neurological mechanism of the effect of preoperative anxiety on general anesthesia and subsequent awakening remains unknown. In this study, we report an anxious state results in delayed awakening in anxiety model mice from sevoflurane general anesthesia.

Astilbin Protects Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats.

Background: Hepatic fibrosis is an inflammatory liver disease, and there is no effective therapy at present. Astilbin is a bioactive ingredient found in many medicinal and food plants, with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and related molecular mechanism of astilbin against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in rats.

Mechanistic Insights into Substrate Recognition and Catalysis of a New Ulvan Lyase of Polysaccharide Lyase Family 24.

Ulvan is an important marine polysaccharide. Bacterial ulvan lyases play important roles in ulvan degradation and marine carbon cycling. Until now, only a small number of ulvan lyases have been characterized.

Structural and molecular basis for the substrate positioning mechanism of a new PL7 subfamily alginate lyase from the arctic.

Alginate lyases play important roles in alginate degradation in the ocean. Although a large number of alginate lyases have been characterized, little is yet known about those in extremely cold polar environments, which may have unique mechanisms for environmental adaptation and for alginate degradation. Here, we report the characterization of a novel PL7 alginate lyase AlyC3 from sp.

Kinetic Analysis for Reaction of Cyclopentadiene with Hydroperoxyl Radical under Low- and Medium-Temperature Combustion.

The kinetic data of cyclopentadiene CH oxidation reactions are significant for the construction of aromatics oxidation mechanism because cyclopentadiene CH has been proved to be an important intermediate in the aromatics combustion. Kinetics for the elementary reactions on the potential energy surface (PES) relevant for the CH + HO reaction are studied in this work. Stationary points on the PES are calculated by employing the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory.

Theoretical Study of Radical-Molecule Reactions with Negative Activation Energies in Combustion: Hydroxyl Radical Addition to Alkenes.

Many of the radical-molecule reactions are nonelementary reactions with negative activation energies, which usually proceed through two steps. They exist extensively in the atmospheric chemistry and hydrocarbon fuel combustion, so they are extensively studied both theoretically and experimentally. At the same time, various models, such as a two transition state model, a steady-state model, an equilibrium-state model, and a direct elementary dynamics model are proposed to get the kinetic parameters for the overall reaction.

Mechanism research of miR-34a regulates Axl in non-small-cell lung cancer with gefitinib-acquired resistance.

Background: To investigate the regulatory mechanism behind miR-34a-altered Axl levels in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with gefitinib-acquired resistance.

Methods: The expression of miR-34a, Axl, Gas6 and related downstream signaling proteins in the EGFR mutant NSCLC cell lines were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot; PC9-Gef-miR-34a and HCC827-Gef-miR-34a cells were established by transfecting the parent cells with a miR-34a overexpressing virus, then the expression of Axl, Gas6 and the downstream channel-related proteins were also compared in PC9-Gef-miR-34a and HCC827-Gef-miR-34a and drug-resistant strains. The survival rate of the cells were measured by CCK8 assay.

Inhibition of Long Noncoding RNA CRNDE Increases Chemosensitivity of Medulloblastoma Cells by Targeting miR-29c-3p.

Long noncoding RNA CRNDE (CRNDE) recently emerged as a carcinogenic promoter in various cancers including medulloblastoma. However, the functions and molecular mechanisms of CRNDE to the acquired drug resistance of medulloblastoma are still unclear. The transcript levels of CRNDE were examined in four medulloblastoma cell lines exposed to cisplatin treatment, and IC values were calculated.

Sinomenine's protective role and mechanism in stress load-induced heart failure.

Objectives: This study is designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of sinomenine (Sin) in stress load-induced heart failure in mice.

Methods: We used aortic constriction (AB) to cause pressure overload as our heart failure model. Sin was received in mice as the treatment group.

Puerarin prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy in vivo and in vitro by inhibition of inflammation.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the chief diabetes mellitus complications. Inflammation factors may be one reason for the damage from DM. The purpose of this research is to study the potential protective effects of puerarin on DM and the possible mechanisms of action related to NF-κB signal pathway.

Pressure-Dependent Rate Rules for Intramolecular H-Migration Reactions of Hydroperoxyalkylperoxy Radicals in Low Temperature.

Intramolecular H-migration reaction of hydroperoxyalkylperoxy radicals (OQOOH) is one of the most important reaction families in the low-temperature oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels. This reaction family is first divided into classes depending upon H atom transfer from -OOH bonded carbon or non-OOH bonded carbon, and then the two classes are further divided depending upon the ring size of the transition states and the types of the carbons from which the H atom is transferred. High pressure limit rate rules and pressure-dependent rate rules for each class are derived from the rate constants of a representative set of reactions within each class using electronic structure calculations performed at the CBS-QB3 level of theory.