[The TXNIP/Trx-1/GPX4 pathway promotes ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats].

Objectives: To observe the change in ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons after hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in neonatal rats and investigate the related mechanism based on the TXNIP/Trx-1/GPX4 signaling pathway.

Methods: Healthy neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 7 days, were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation (=30), hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) (=30) and siRNA (TXNIP siRNA) (=12). The classic Rice-Vannucci method was used to establish a neonatal rat model of HIBD.

Recurrent undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver in adult patient treated by pembrolizumab: A case report.

Background: Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL) is a neoplasm that rarely develops in adults. The main treatments for UESL are upfront gross total surgical resection and adjuvant multiagent chemotherapy. Here, we report a case of recurrent UESL in an adult treated with pembrolizumab and discuss a method to identify proper candidates for antibody of programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) treatment.

[Fetal pleural effusion in the uterus and dyspnea after birth].

Neonatal chylothorax is a common cause of neonatal congenital pleural effusion and is often caused by the accumulation of chylous fluid in the thoracic cavity due to the rupture of the thoracic duct and its branched lymphatic vessels for a variety of reasons. Neonatal chylothorax caused by malignant tumors is extremely rare, and this is the first case of neonatal mediastinal neuroblastoma with chylothorax in China. The boy was found to have pleural effusion in the left thoracic cavity in the uterus, and experienced apnea at birth, as well as dyspnea and cyanosis as the main manifestations after birth.

[Levels of airway inflammatory mediators in peripheral blood in infants and young children with wheezing].

Objective: To examine the levels of airway inflammatory mediators in peripheral blood in infants and young children with wheezing and to study the possible pathogenesis of wheezing from the aspects of T helper cell 1 (Th1)/T helper cell 2 (Th2) imbalance and airway inflammation.

Methods: A total of 50 children aged 1 month to 3 years with an acute wheezing episode were enrolled as the wheezing group, and 25 age-matched healthy infants were enrolled as the healthy control group. According to the number of wheezing episodes, the wheezing group was divided into a first-episode group (n=25) and a recurrent wheezing (number of episodes ≥2) group (n=25).

How online ADHD-related information affects Chinese parents' decisions?

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a major public health problem in China. Parents of children with confirmed, or suspected ADHD often face a difficult process in making decisions concerning diagnosis and treatment. The internet is a major source of information for parents.

Acute Peritoneal Dialysis System for Neonates with Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy: A Case Series.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill neonates, and peritoneal dialysis (PD) can be a lifesaving option. In China, however, much of the equipment for PD in neonates is not available. We describe results with a novel system for PD, which has been developed locally to improve access to therapy and care for critically ill neonates requiring PD in China.

The excitotoxity of NMDA receptor NR2D subtype mediates human fetal lung fibroblasts proliferation and collagen production.

Studies have suggested that endogenous glutamate and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor have an excitotoxity role during acute lung injury. Fibroblasts play a critical role in lung development and chronic lung disease after acute lung injury. This study aims to explore the immediate role of NMDAR activation in human lung fibroblasts.

Transplantation of vascular endothelial growth factor-modified neural stem/progenitor cells promotes the recovery of neurological function following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.

Neural stem/progenitor cell (NSC) transplantation has been shown to effectively improve neurological function in rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a signaling protein that stimulates angiogenesis and improves neural regeneration. We hypothesized that transplantation of VEGF-transfected NSCs would alleviate hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats.

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation mediates lung fibroblast proliferation and differentiation in hyperoxia-induced chronic lung disease in newborn rats.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that endogenous glutamate and its N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play important roles in hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury in newborn rats. We hypothesized that NMDAR activation also participates in the development of chronic lung injury after withdrawal of hyperoxic conditions.

Methods: In order to rule out the anti-inflammatory effects of NMDAR inhibitor on acute lung injury, the efficacy of MK-801 was evaluated in vivo using newborn Sprague-Dawley rats treated starting 4 days after cessation of hyperoxia exposure (on postnatal day 8).

Adenoviral vector-mediated transduction of VEGF improves neural functional recovery after hypoxia-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats.

Previous studies have showed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) displayed neurotrophic and neuroprotective activities. To examine whether target delivery of VEGF gene directly into brain may prevent ischemic brain damage, the VEGF expression adenoviral vectors, AVHP.VEGF-with 476bp of the human preproendothelin-1 (ppET-1) promoter and 35bp of the hypoxia-reponse element (HRE) driving VEGF expression and CMV.

[Hyperbaric oxygen promotes the migration and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage].

Objective: To explore the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment on the migration and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD).

Methods: Seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal control (CON), the HIBD model and the HBO groups (HBO treatment was administered at 2 ATA, once daily for 7 days within 3 hrs after HIBD). HIBD model was prepared according to the classic Rice-Vannucci method.

[Adenovirus-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor165 gene therapy in treatment of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage: experiment with rats].

Objective: To investigate the therapeutical effect of adenovirus-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)165 gene transplantation in treatment of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.

Methods: Recombinant vector of adenovirus-mediated VEGF165 gene (Ad-VEGF) was constructed by bacterial homologous recombination technology. Sixty 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) group undergoing ligation of the left common carotid artery and inhalation of 8% oxygen for 2 hours, Ad-VEGF group undergoing injection of Ad-VEGF into the left sensorimotor cortex with the help of stereo-positioner 3 days after hypoxia-ischemia (HI), and sham operation group.

Therapeutic window of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats.

Previous studies showed that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) promoted cell proliferation in hypoxic-ischemic (HI) neonate rats. Neural stem cells (NSC) existed in the brain lifelong and can be activated. This study was undertaken to assess whether HBO treatment promoted the proliferation of NSC and repaired the brain damage regardless of when it is started, thus to explore the therapeutic window of HBO treatment.

[Effect of intracerebral transplantation of rat bone marrow stromal cells on brain white matter of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage].

Objective: To study the effect of intracerebral transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on brain white matter of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD).

Methods: Thirty-four 7-day-old neonatal rats were randomly assigned to three groups: normal control (n=10), HIBD (n=12) and HIBD+BMSCs transplantation (n=12). The HIBD and the HIBD+BMSCs transplantation group rats were subjected to left carotid artery ligation, followed by hypoxia exposure for 2 hrs, in order to induce HIBD.

[The immunoregulatory function of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on allogeneic B lymphocytes].

Objective: To investigate the immunoregulatory function of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on allogeneic B lymphocytes in vitro, and explore its possible mechanisms.

Methods: Human MSCs were isolated from bone marrow and expanded in vitro. The purity of MSCs were identified with the spindle fibroblastic morphology by micro-photograph and the phenotype by flow cytometry.

Proliferation of neural stem cells correlates with Wnt-3 protein in hypoxic-ischemic neonate rats after hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy promoted brain cell proliferation. Wnt-3 is closely associated with the proliferation of neural stem cells. We examined whether hyperbaric oxygen promoted neural stem cells to proliferate and its correlation with Wnt-3 protein in hypoxic-ischemic neonate rats.

[Differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells into neural cells induced by hypoxic-ischemic brain tissue extracts in neonate rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect of brain tissue extracts in neonate rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) on the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) into neural cells.

Methods: Fifteen 7-day-old neonate rats were induced HIBD by left carotid artery ligation and hypoxia exposure, and another 15-day-old neonate rats were served as normal rats. The left and right brain tissue extracts of the normal and HIBD rats were prepared 24 h after the HIBD (8-day old), 72 h after the HIBD (10-day old), and 7 d after the HIBD (14-day old), respectively (n=5).

[Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy administered at different time on white matter damage following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats].

Objective: A recent study has suggested that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy administered within 3 hrs following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) may alleviate brain white matter damage (WMD) in neonatal rats. However it is unclear whether a delayed HBO therapy (more than 3 hrs following HIBD) has neuroprotective effects in neonatal rats. This study aimed to explore the effect of HBO therapy administered at different time points following HIBD on WMD in neonatal rats.

[Changes of Wnt-3 protein during the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage after hyperbaric oxygen therapy].

Objective: Previous studies suggest that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment promotes the proliferation of neurocytes in neonatal rats following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). The Wnt signaling pathway is associated with neurogenesis. This study examined whether HBO promoted neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation after HIBD, and whether that the proliferation correlated with Wnt-3 protein expression.

[The best site of transplantation of neural stem cells into brain in treatment of hypoxic-ischemic damage: experiment with newborn rats].

Objective: To investigate the best site of transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into the brain to treat hypoxic-ischemic damage (HIBD).

Methods: Forty-eight 7-day-old Spraque-Dawley rats underwent ligation of the left common carotid artery and exposure to 8% oxygen at 37 degrees C for 2 hours to establish HIBD models and then were randomly divided into 4 equal groups 3 days later: HIBD control group, HIBD + cortex transplantation group (CT group) undergoing NSC transplantation into the sensorimotor cortex, HIBD + hippocampus transplantation group (HT group) undergoing NSC transplantation into the hippocampus, and HIBD + ventricle transplantation group (VT group), undergoing NSC transplantation into the lateral ventricle. Since the rats were 40-day-old, they underwent radial maze water-seeking test and 4 sensorimotor tests.