Publications by authors named "Xiao-guang Zhao"

Introduction: Single domain antibody fragments (sdAbs) are an appealing scaffold for radiopharmaceutical development due to their small size (~15 kDa), high solubility, high stability, and excellent tumor penetration. Previously, we developed NB7 sdAb, which has very high affinity for an epitope on PSMA that is different from those targeted by small molecule PSMA inhibitors. Herein, we evaluated NB7 after radioiodination using [*I]SGMIB (1,3,4-isomer) and iso-[*I]SGMIB (1,3,5-isomer), as well as their At-labeled analogues.

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Single-domain antibody fragments (sdAbs) are attractive for targeted α-particle therapy, particularly with At, because of their rapid accumulation in tumor and clearance from normal tissues. Here, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of this strategy with 5F7 and VHH_1028-2 sdAbs that bind with high affinity to domain IV of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2). The HER2-specific sdAbs and HER2-irrelevant VHH_2001 were labeled using -succinimidyl-3-At-astato-5-guanidinomethyl benzoate (-At-SAGMB).

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Aberrant activation of cardiac fibroblasts is the main cause and character of cardiac fibrosis, and inhibition of cardiac fibrosis becomes a promising treatment for cardiac diseases. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and Hippo pathway is recently recognized as key signaling mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases. In this study we explored the potential roles of PAF and Hippo signaling pathway in cardiac fibrosis.

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Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) is an attractive strategy for treatment of disseminated cancers including those overexpressing the HER2 receptor including breast, ovarian and gastroesophageal carcinomas. Single-domain antibody fragments (sdAbs) exemplified by the HER2-targeted VHH_1028 evaluated herein are attractive for RPT because they rapidly accumulate in tumor and clear faster from normal tissues than intact antibodies. In this study, VHH_1028 was labeled using the residualizing prosthetic agent N-succinimidyl 3-guanidinomethyl 5-[I]iodobenzoate (iso-[I]SGMIB) and its tissue distribution evaluated in the HER2-expressing SKOV-3 ovarian and BT474 breast carcinoma xenograft models.

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Aim: To develop an innovative At nanoplatform with high radiolabeling efficiency and low in vivo deastatination for future targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) to treat cancer.

Methods: Star-shaped gold nanoparticles, gold nanostars (GNS), were used as the platform for At radiolabeling. Radiolabeling efficiency under different reaction conditions was tested.

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Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious disabling injury worldwide, and the excessive inflammatory response it causes plays an important role in secondary injury. Regulating the inflammatory response can be a potential therapeutic strategy for improving the prognosis of SCI. Zinc has been demonstrated to have a neuroprotective effect in experimental spinal cord injury models.

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In a previous clinical study, the authors evaluated the potential of antitenascin C monoclonal antibody (mAb) 81C6 labeled with At via the prosthetic agent -succinimidyl 3-[At]astatobenzoate (SAB) for the treatment of primary brain tumors. Although encouraging results were obtained, labeling chemistry failed while attempting to escalate the dose to 370 MBq. The goal of the current study was to develop a revised procedure less susceptible to radiolysis-mediated effects on At labeling that would be suitable for use at higher activity levels of this α-emitter.

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We previously demonstrated that cellular Sloan-Kettering Institute (c-Ski) played a dual role, both promoting wound healing and alleviating scar formation. However, its mechanism and therapeutic effects are not clear, especially compared with widely used treatments, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) administration. However, Ski treatment led to an even shorter healing time and a more significant reduction in scar area than bFGF treatment.

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Microbial communities in three drinking water reservoirs, with different depth in Xi'an city, were quantified by phospholipids fatty acids analysis and multivariate statistical analysis was employed to interpret their response to different hydrostatic pressure and other physico-chemical properties of sediment and overlying water. Principle component analyses of sediment characteristics parameters showed that hydrostatic pressure was the most important effect factor to differentiate the overlying water quality from three drinking water reservoirs from each other. NH4+ content in overlying water was positive by related to hydrostatic pressure, while DO in water-sediment interface and sediment OC in sediment were negative by related with it.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess the effects of fire needle therapy, electroacupuncture, and calcium carbonate D3 on pain, joint dysfunction, and urine fluoride levels in patients with skeletal fluorosis.
  • Ninety-five patients were randomly divided into three treatment groups, receiving one of the therapies for a specified duration, with various points stimulated in the acupuncture groups.
  • Results indicated improvements in pain and joint movement across all groups, with significant increases in urine fluoride levels in the fire needle and electroacupuncture groups; however, no significant differences were found between the effectiveness of the three treatments.
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An 8-year-old girl with a skeletal Class III malocclusion was treated in 2 phases. Maxillary expansion and protraction were carried out as the early intervention. However, her maxillary hypoplasia and mandibular hyperplasia deteriorated with age.

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Article Synopsis
  • Incomplete oxidation of titanium nitride (TiN) into nitrogen-doped TiO2 was demonstrated by heating TiN at various temperatures, with analysis methods confirming the effectiveness of this approach.
  • The photocatalytic activity of the resulting samples was tested, showing efficient degradation of phenol under visible light, especially at a concentration of 0.5 g/L, with the best results at 650 °C.
  • The study also compared different light sources for phenol degradation and found that the nitrogen-doped TiO2 had good reusability in lab tests.
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Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti were isolated from a Rattus norvegicus in the middle east of China through propagation in experimental mice. Their molecular biological characteristics were described. The public health and veterinary significance of the dual infection of the 2 tick-borne agents deserve further investigation.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to create a combined male-female Bolton standard for 13-year-old Chinese individuals and compare it to the existing Bolton standard for 13-year-old white subjects.
  • A total of 64 subjects (32 Chinese and 32 white), evenly split between boys and girls, were analyzed using cephalometric measurements to assess facial dimensions and differences across ethnicities and sexes.
  • The findings revealed significant differences in craniofacial characteristics between Chinese and white adolescents, with Chinese girls showing specific facial traits, highlighting the need for customized orthodontic treatment plans based on these variations.
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We detected Bartonella quintana in 48.6% of captive rhesus macaques from an animal facility in Beijing, China. Prevalence of infection increased over the period of observation.

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Objective: To observe the impacts of acupuncture of reinforcing kidney and activating spleen on the excretion of urinary fluoride and pain of the patients with drinking-water type fluorosis.

Methods: The randomized controlled and single-blind trial was adopted. Seventy-two cases were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 36 cases in each one.

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Objective: To evaluate the validity and reliability of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method with a longitudinal sample.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-six cephalograms from 18 subjects (5 males and 13 females) were selected from the longitudinal database. Total mandibular length was measured on each film; an increased rate served as the gold standard in examination of the validity of the CVM method.

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Medulloblastoma, the most common pediatric brain tumor, is difficult to treat because conventional therapeutic approaches result in significant toxicity to normal central nervous system tissues, compromising quality of life. Given the fact that medulloblastomas express the somatostatin subtype 2 receptor, [(177)Lu-DOTA(0),Tyr(3)]octreotate ([(177)Lu]DOTA-TATE) could be a potentially useful targeted radiotherapeutic for the treatment of this malignancy. The current study was undertaken to evaluate this possibility in preclinical models of D341 MED human medulloblastoma by comparing the properties of [(177)Lu]DOTA-TATE to those of glucose-[(125)I-Tyr(3)]-octreotate ([(125)I]Gluc-TOCA), a radiopeptide previously shown to target this cell line.

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Introduction: Monoclonal antibody (mAb) L8A4 binds specifically to the epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) that is present on gliomas but not on normal tissues, and is internalized rapidly after receptor binding. Because of the short range of its β-emissions, labeling this mAb with (177)Lu would be an attractive approach for the treatment of residual tumor margins remaining after surgical debulking of brain tumors.

Materials And Methods: L8A4 mAb was labeled with (177)Lu using the acyclic ligands [(R)-2-amino-3-(4-isothiocyanatophenyl)propyl]-trans-(S,S)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine-pentaacetic acid (CHX-A″-DTPA) and 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-6-methyldiethylene-triaminepentaacetic acid (1B4M-DTPA), and the macrocyclic ligands S-2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-tetraacetic acid (C-DOTA) and α-(5-isothiocyanato-2-methoxyphenyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (MeO-DOTA).

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Objective: To understand the HA1 genetic variation characterization of influenza virus subtype H3N2 circulated from 2001 to 2006 in Liaoning local area.

Methods: Viral RNA was extracted and transcribed into cDNA by reverse transcriptase and amplified by PCR. The product of PCR was purified by QIAgen purification kits,and sequenced by ABI 3100avant.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and assess the efficacy and toxicity, among newly diagnosed malignant glioma patients, of administering (131)I-labeled murine antitenascin monoclonal antibody 81C6 ((131)I-81C6) into a surgically created resection cavity (SCRC) to achieve a patient-specific, 44-Gy boost to the 2-cm SCRC margin. A radioactivity dose of (131)I-81C6 calculated to achieve a 44-Gy boost to the SCRC was administered, followed by conventional external beam radiotherapy (XRT) and chemotherapy. Twenty-one patients were enrolled in the study: 16 with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and 5 with anaplastic astrocytoma.

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This paper studied the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on regeneration and free proline accumulation of callus of Pogonatherum paniceum (Lam.) Hack. under motionless liquid culture condition and shake liquid culture condition.

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meta-[(211)At]Astatobenzylguanidine ([(211)At]MABG), an analogue of meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) labeled with the alpha-emitter (211)At, targets the norepinephrine transporter. Because MABG has been shown to have excellent characteristics in preclinical studies, it has been considered to be a promising targeted radiotherapeutic for the treatment of tumors such as micrometastatic neuroblastoma that overexpress the norepinephrine transporter. To facilitate clinical evaluation of this agent, a convenient method for the high level synthesis of [(211)At]MABG that is adaptable for kit formulation has been developed.

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Objective: To investigate the prevalence and subtypes of influenza viruses in Liaoning regions from November 1999 to March 2005.

Methods: Influenza virus was isolated by embryonated eggs together with cell culture and subtypes, identified by HI test.

Results: During the study in 1999 - 2005, a total number of 2713 swab specimens were collected in different cities in Liaoning regions in which 188 strains were identified for influenza viruses with an average rate as 7.

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