The Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Lb Protease Cleaves Intracellular Transcription Factors STAT1 and STAT2 to Antagonize IFN-β-Induced Signaling.

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the causative agent of foot-and-mouth disease, one of the most highly infectious animal viruses throughout the world. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a highly conserved pathway for IFN-β-induced antiviral gene expression. Previous studies have shown that FMDV can strongly suppress the innate immune response.

FMDV 3A Antagonizes the Effect of ANXA1 to Positively Modulate Viral Replication.

The RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway is crucial for producing type I interferon (IFN-I) against RNA viruses. The present study observed that viral infection increased annexin-A1 (ANXA1) expression, and ANXA1 then promoted RNA virus-induced IFN-I production. Compared to ANXA1 wild-type cells, ANXA1 knockout cells showed IFN-β production decreasing after viral stimulation.

Senecavirus a 3D Interacts with NLRP3 to Induce IL-1β Production by Activating NF-κB and Ion Channel Signals.

Senecavirus A (SVA) infection induces inflammation in animals, such as fever, diarrhea, vesicles and erosions, and even death. The inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory responses to combat microbes. Although SVA infection can produce inflammatory clinical symptoms, the modulation of IL-1β production by SVA infection remains unknown at present.

[Preparation and Characterization of Manganese and Fluorine Co-Modified Hydroxyapatite Composite Coating].

Titanium and titanium alloys have been widely used as orthopedic, dental implants and cardiovascular stents owing to their superior physical properties. However, titanium surface is inherently bio-inert, thus could not form efficient osseointegration with surrounding bone tissue. Therefore, to improve the surface property of titanium implant is significantly important in clinical application.

[Progress of research on TLRs-mediated signaling pathway].

TLRs belong to a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize highly conserved microbial antigens termed pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). So far, ten TLRs have been identified in human genome. Each TLR senses a different set of microbial stimuli, and recruits various of adaptors and activates a series of distinct signaling cascades, and drives specific responses against the pathogens.