Monitoring pediatric CNS non-germinomatous germ cell tumors via cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor DNA.

Background: Accurate molecular and clinical stratification of patients with central nervous system (CNS) non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) remains challenging, impeding the development of personalized therapeutic approaches. Herein, we investigated the translational significance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in pediatric NGGCTs to identify characteristic features of CNS NGGCTs and to identify a subset of patients for whom the presence of residual disease is a risk factor and an indicator of shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Methods: Medical records of patients with CNS NGGCTs between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2022 were reviewed retrospectively.

Efficacy of intrathecal methotrexate in children with high-risk medulloblastoma over three years: a retrospective study from a single center.

Purpose: Chemotherapy is commonly used for treatment in children over three years old with high-risk medulloblastoma(MB). However, little is currently known about the therapeutic benefits and side effects of intrathecal methotrexate(MTX), warranting further research.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who received intrathecal MTX during chemotherapy were included in the MTX group (n = 32), and patients that only underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology analysis were assigned to the control group (n = 14).

Paeoniflorin Coordinates Macrophage Polarization and Mitigates Liver Inflammation and Fibrogenesis by Targeting the NF-[Formula: see text]B/HIF-1α Pathway in CCl-Induced Liver Fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a disease largely driven by resident and recruited macrophages. The phenotypic switch of hepatic macrophages can be achieved by chemo-attractants and cytokines. During a screening of plants traditionally used to treat liver diseases in China, paeoniflorin was identified as a potential drug that affects the polarization of macrophages.

SNS alleviates depression-like behaviors in CUMS mice by regluating dendritic spines via NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Depression is one of the most common mood disturbances worldwide. The Si-ni-san formula (SNS) is a famous classic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) widely used to treat depression for thousands of years in clinics. However, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of SNS in improving depression-like behaviors following chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) remains unknown.

Erratum: MicroRNA-30a-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in MHCC-97H hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting COX-2: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/jca.52298.

Evaluation of IL-2 and Dexamethasone intracavitary injection on the management of malignant effusion in children with solid tumors or lymphoma.

Background: Currently, no available coherent management protocol exists for pediatric cancers associated with pleural effusion, ascites, and pericardial effusion. This study aimed to retrospectively present our experience in treating pediatric cancer patients with pleural effusion, ascites, and pericardial effusion using interleukin-2 (IL-2) and dexamethasone (DEX) intracavitary injections.

Methods: Between January 1st, 2008 and December 31st, 2020, medical reports of patients diagnosed with solid tumors or lymphoma were checked to identify patients diagnosed with > 2 cm pleural effusion, and/or more than grade 1 ascites, and/or more than small pericardial effusion.

MicroRNA-30a-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in MHCC-97H hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting COX-2.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs which can bind to target mRNAs and regulate gene expression. Increasing evidences suggest that miRNAs play an important role in driving hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of microRNA-30a-3p (miR-30a-3p) was reduced in HCC cell lines in comparison to immortalized liver cell line, LO2.

Resveratrol prevents liver damage in MCD-induced steatohepatitis mice by promoting SIGIRR gene transcription.

Persistent inflammation is one of the main reasons that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease develops into cirrhosis and liver cancer, and reducing the expression of inflammatory factors may be an effective strategy to alleviate the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). SIGIRR, a member of the interleukin-1 receptor family, has been shown to inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines, and its down-regulation or deletion has been suggested to be an important cause of inflammatory damage to organs. In this study, we identified that resveratrol efficiently induced the transcriptional activity of the SIGIRR promoter and also increased SIGIRR mRNA levels in human hepatocytes and mouse livers.

Novel treatment of refractory / recurrent pulmonary hepatoblastoma.

Background: There is no consensus about how to manage pulmonary metastasis in patients with hepatoblastoma. We reviewed a treatment with a combination of oxaliplatin, vincristine, and topotecan (OVT) paired with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of 12 patients with multiple refractory / recurrent pulmonary hepatoblastoma.

Methods: The medical records from patients with ≤21 years of age presenting with multiple deposits (≥2) of refractory / recurrent pulmonary hepatoblastoma were reviewed.

Unexpected vincristine-induced systemic capillary leak syndrome in patients with Wilm's tumor: A single institution experience.

Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is a rare but fatal disease, which has been reported following the infusions of interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, certain monoclonal antibodies, and gemcitabine, suggesting that drugs can also cause CLS. In this study, seven Wilm's tumor cases with CLS had been presented, which was suggested to be caused following administration of vincristine (VCR). From January 1st, 2014 to December 31st, 2016, medical records from Wilm's tumor patients were reviewed to identify those diagnosed with CLS.

Long Non-coding RNA as a Potential Biomarker Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a considerable global health burden. Accumulating evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in many cancers and play important roles in GC. However, only a few lncRNAs have been functionally characterized.

Treatment of Neuroblastoma with a Novel Delayed Intensification Chemotherapy.

Objectives: To test the feasibility of adding a novel delayed intensification chemotherapy to a dose-intensive induction regimen chemotherapy for high-risk neuroblastoma.

Methods: Patients enrolled in this study received chemotherapy in accordance with the design of the NB97 trial. At the end of the therapy, patients received three cycles of delayed intensification chemotherapy.

Different Kinds of Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Childhood Neuroblastoma.

Background: Clinical presentations of paraneoplastic syndromes in neuroblastoma may multiply. Review of the clinical data and the literature on this syndrome may help in the diagnosis of neuroblastoma.

Objectives: In order to make more accurate diagnosis, we reviewed the clinical data and the literature on this syndrome.

Treatment of children with advanced-stage lymphoblastic lymphoma with pegaspargase.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of Pegaspargase instead of L-asparaginase to treat children with advanced-stage lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) on the Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster (BFM)-95 protocol.

Methods: Fifty-four newly diagnosed patients with stage III or IV LBL and without any treatment were enrolled in this study. Pegaspargase took place of L-asparaginase in BFM-95.

Vincristine and irinotecan in children with relapsed hepatoblastoma: a single-institution experience.

Purpose: This study was to determine the efficacy of vincristine and irinotecan in children with relapsed hepatoblastoma (HB).

Methods: A total of 10 patients with relapsed HB were enrolled. Three patients were excluded.

Diffuse lung metastases in a child with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm and review.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare, highly aggressive hematopoietic malignancy, characterized by cutaneous and bone marrow involvement and leukemic spread. Cutaneous involvement is the most common presentation in BPDCN. At present, the diagnosis and management of BPDCN are still challenging.

Single-agent cisplatin treatment of children with high-risk hepatoblastoma.

Purpose: The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy has improved the survival of patients with hepatoblastoma (HB). However, an increased number of treatment complications and toxic deaths, particularly from heart failure, have been observed with doxorubicin treatment. We have applied cisplatin as a single agent to treat children with high-risk HB to improve event-free survival (EFS).