Risk Factors of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery in the Recent 10 Years: Clinical Analysis of 6229 Patients.

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) that prolongs hospitalization and increases expenses.

Hypothesis: Perioperative risk factors may predict POAF.

Methods: From March 2015 to January 2023, 6229 patients who underwent isolated CABG and were in sinus rhythm before CABG were included in this retrospective study.

Effect of remimazolam on intra-operative hypotension: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Hypotension is common during anaesthesia. Increasing number of studies have reported that remimazolam may be associated with lower incidence of intra-operative hypotension compared with other anaesthetics. However, the results remain controversial.

Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist WIN55, 212-2 Attenuates Injury in the Hippocampus of Rats after Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest.

Objectives: Postoperative neurological deficits remain a challenge in cardiac surgery employing deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). This study aimed to investigate the effect of WIN55, 212-2, a cannabinoid agonist, on brain injury in a rat model of DHCA.

Methods: Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group (which underwent cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) only), a DHCA group (CPB with DHCA), and a WIN group (WIN55, 212-2 pretreatment before CPB with DHCA).

Tuning FeO for sustainable cathodic heterogeneous electro-Fenton catalysis by acetylated chitosan.

Peroxidase-like catalysts are safe and low-cost candidates to tackle the dilemma in constructing sustainable cathodic heterogeneous electro-Fenton (CHEF) catalysts for water purification, but the elusive structure-property relationship of enzyme-like catalysts constitutes a pressing challenge for the advancement of CHEF processes in practically relevant water and wastewater treatment. Herein, we probe the origins of catalytic efficiency in the CHEF process by artificially tailoring the peroxidase-like activity of FeO through a series of acetylated chitosan-based hydrogels, which serve as ecofriendly alternatives to traditional carbon shells. The optimized acetylated chitosan wrapping FeO hydrogel on the cathode shows an impressive activity and stability in CHEF process, overcoming the complicated and environmentally unfavored procedures in the electro-Fenton-related processes.

Inhibition of the Activating Transcription Factor 6 Branch of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Ameliorates Brain Injury after Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest.

Neurological dysfunction is a common complication of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a role in neuronal ischemia-reperfusion injury; however, it is unknown whether it contributes to DHCA-induced brain injury. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of ER stress in a rat DHCA model and cell hypothermic oxygen-glucose deprivation reoxygenation (OGD/R) model.

Sodium oxamate reduces lactate production to improve the glucose homeostasis of fed high-carbohydrate diets.

The study was performed to evaluate the effects of the reduced lactate production by sodium oxamate (SO) on growth performance, lactate and glucose and lipid metabolism, and glucose tolerance of fed high-carbohydrate (CHO) diets. In in vitro study, primary hepatocytes were incubated for 48 h in a control medium (5.5 mM glucose), a high-glucose medium (25 mM glucose, HG), or a SO-containing high-glucose medium (25 mM glucose + 50 mM SO, HG-SO).

Risk factors for development of acute renal failure in 5077 coronary artery bypass grafting patients in the current era.

Background: Acute renal failure (ARF) is one of the major complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. The risk factors are changing along with the technical evolution. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for ARF requiring dialysis after CABG surgery in the current era.

Identification of novel rare copy number variants associated with sporadic tetralogy of Fallot and clinical implications.

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Highly penetrant copy number variants (CNVs) and genes related to the etiology of TOF likely exist with differences among populations. We aimed to identify CNV contributions to sporadic TOF cases in Han Chinese.

Functional significance of novel variants of the MEF2C gene promoter in congenital ventricular septal defects.

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart disease. Although the coding region of MEF2C is highly relevant to cardiac malformations, the role of MEF2C gene promoter variants in VSD patients has not been genetically investigated. We investigated the role of MEF2C gene promoter variants in 400 Han Chinese subjects (200 patients with isolated and sporadic VSD and 200 healthy controls).

Effect of CPB glucose levels on inflammatory response after pediatric cardiac surgery.

Background: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a common complication after cardiac surgery. There are no definite optimal glycemic threshold for pediatric patients receiving open-heart surgery with CPB. The study aimed to investigate the optimal cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) glucose in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

High-Carbohydrate Diet Alleviates the Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis of Following Dietary Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles.

A 12-week feeding trial was performed to evaluate the effects of high-carbohydrate diet on oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis induced by silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in . . Fish (20.

Identification of variants of gene promoter and cellular functions in isolated ventricular septal defects.

Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital heart defects (CHDs). Studies have documented that has a crucial impact on cardiac growth, but the role of variants in the gene promoter in patients with VSD has not been explored. In 400 subjects (200 patients with isolated and sporadic VSDs: 200 healthy controls), we investigated the gene promoter variant and performed cellular functional experiments by using the dual-luciferase reporter assay to verify the impact on gene expression.

Biomarkers and key pathways in atrial fibrillation associated with mitral valve disease identified by multi-omics study.

Background: Mitral valve disease (MVD)-associated atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias with an increased risk of thromboembolic events. This study aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms and possible biomarkers for chronic AF in MVD by using multi-omics methods.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled patients with MVD (n=100) undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery.

Genetic analysis of the CITED2 gene promoter in isolated and sporadic congenital ventricular septal defects.

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital heart defect. Previous studies have reported genetic variations in the encoding region of CITED2 highly associated with cardiac malformation but the role of CITED2 gene promoter variations in VSD patients has not yet been explored. We investigated the variation of CITED2 gene promoter and its impacts on gene promoter activity in the DNA of paediatric VSD patients.

Differential expression profiles of circular RNAs in the rat hippocampus after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.

Neurological dysfunction commonly occurs after cardiac surgery with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). The mechanisms underlying DHCA-associated brain injury remain poorly understood. This study determined the changes in expression profiles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the hippocampus in rats that underwent DHCA, with an attempt to explore the potential role of circRNAs in the brain injury associated with DHCA.

Active N dopant states of electrodes regulate extracellular electron transfer of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 for bioelectricity generation: Experimental and theoretical investigations.

Anodic N doping is an effective way to improve power generation of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), but the role of various active N dopant states of the anode on BES performance is still unclear. Herein, the effect of anodic active N dopant states on bioelectricity generation of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 inoculated BESs particularly including microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) was explored using experiments and theoretical simulations. It was found a positive linear correlation between the peak current density of BESs and pyrrolic N content of the anode, which would mainly ascribe to the enhancement of both direct electron transfer (DET) and mediated electron transfer (MET) of S.

Corrective surgery alters plasma protein profiling in congenital heart diseases and clinical perspectives.

The final goal for treatment of congenital heart diseases (CHD) is to resume not only the normal heart structure but also physiology. The present study evaluates surgical results at molecular basis on the proteomic pattern in the pre- and post-operative period in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) in order to find whether structure repair is associated with clinically important molecular changes in CHD. Differential protein analysis by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry followed by ELISA validation was performed in the plasma samples of patients with TOF (n=82) or VSD (n=82) preoperatively, 6-month postoperatively, and in normal controls (n=82).

Preoperative plasma biomarkers associated with atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Objectives: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a common complication in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedures. This prospective study aimed to investigate predisposition of proteins and metabolites correlated to POAF after CABG and related cellular pathways.

Methods: Preoperative plasma samples from patients undergoing CABG procedures were prospectively collected.

Surgical Preparation Reduces Hydrogen Sulfide Released from Human Saphenous Veins in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

The long-term patency rate of saphenous vein (SV) grafts is poor compared to arterial grafts. To investigate the effects of surgical preparation (distention) of SV on hydrogen sulfide (HS) released from the endothelium, human SV segments were harvested from 43 patients during coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Acetylcholine (ACh) induced relaxation that was inhibited by N-nitro-L-arginine + indomethacin and cysteine aminotransferase inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid in the normal SV.

Association Between Perfusate Oxygenation and Acute Lung Injury in Tetralogy of Fallot Surgery.

Purpose: Little is known regarding precise estimates of the association between perfusate oxygenation (PpO2) and acute lung injury (ALI) following tetralogy of Fallot repair. The objective is to investigate PpO2 and the risk of ALI following tetralogy of Fallot repair in pediatric patients.

Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study within a prospective Chinese TedaICH cohort including 134 ALI patients aged 1 month to 18 years undergoing complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot, and each was matched to two controls.

Loop isolation-based uploading preconditioning to protect heart from damage: a proof-of-concept study.

Background: Little is known on the role of indirect clamp releasing in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Loop isolation-based uploading preconditioning (LiuPhD) was modified to protect the heart from damage and the question of whether this can attenuate reperfusion injury after global myocardial ischemia was examined.

Methods: A post-hoc comparative analysis was conducted of a prospective single-arm trial on the use of the LiuPhD strategy for 60 multivessel-disease patients undergoing isolated first-time elective on-pump CABG versus 1:1 propensity score-matched patients from the historical database of the same center.

Cathode-Introduced Atomic H* for Fe(II)-Complex Regeneration to Effective Electro-Fenton Process at a Natural pH.

Promotion of iron solubility using ligands is the preliminary step in the homogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) process at a mild pH, but the chelate efficiencies of most organic ligands are unsatisfactory, resulting in insufficient Fe(II) availability. In this study, atomic H* was, for the first time, introduced to the EF process to accelerate the regeneration of the Fe(II)-complex at a mild pH using a Ni-deposited carbon felt (Ni-CF) cathode. The introduction of atomic H* significantly elevated total organic carbon (TOC) abatement of ciprofloxacin (CIP) from 42% (CF) to 81% (Ni-CF) at a natural pH.