Publications by authors named "Xiao-Yu Jia"

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent neurocognitive complication of anesthesia and surgery. Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, has neuroprotective properties and improves cognitive impairment and memory deficits. However, the mechanisms underlying its action in improving cognitive dysfunction after anesthesia and surgery remain unclear.

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Corneal cross-linking (CXL) is an effective method to prevent the progression of keratoconus. CXL combined with hypotonic riboflavin solution is a modified treatment for thin corneas, which are deemed to be below the safe thickness threshold. In this study, rabbit corneas were subjected to different hydration levels using different osmolarity of riboflavin dextran solutions before CXL.

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  • The study examined the effects of intraoperative permissive hypercapnia (high carbon dioxide levels) on plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentrations in patients over 60 undergoing laparoscopic surgery.
  • A total of 84 patients were randomly placed into two groups: one maintaining normal carbon dioxide levels and the other experiencing hypercapnia.
  • Results showed no significant difference in postoperative NfL levels between the two groups, but both had increased NfL post-surgery compared to preoperative levels, and the hypercapnia group had higher area under the curve values for carbon dioxide and cerebral oxygen saturation.
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Previous experimental findings and clinical evidence have shown the important role of carbon dioxide (CO) in regulating cerebral vascular tension. CO can affect the CNS through various mechanisms. With factors such as patient physiology or surgical interventions potentially causing increased arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO) levels during mechanical ventilation in general anesthesia, it is important to explore the potential risks or benefits of intraoperative permissive hypercapnia on brain function.

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This study aims to explore the protective effect of Albizia chinensis saponin on ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcer in rats and elucidate its mechanisms. SD rats were deprived of water for 24 hours before the experiment. The control group and model group were administered water by gavage, and the positive drug group received rabeprazole sodium solution(40 mg·kg~(-1)) by gavage.

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  • Anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease is a severe autoimmune condition that affects kidney function and was the focus of a systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 studies involving 2830 patients.
  • The study found that the annual incidence of anti-GBM disease ranges between 0.60 and 1.79 cases per million, with specific rates in rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and crescentic glomerulonephritis at 8.0% and 12.8%, respectively.
  • Key findings indicated high prevalence rates of anti-GBM antibodies (88.8%) and lung hemorrhage (32.6%), with one-year survival rates of 76.2% for patients
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Introduction: A previous study showed that the renal risk score (RRS) was transferrable to antiglomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease and proposed a risk stratification according to the need of renal replacement therapy (RRT) and the percentage of normal glomeruli (N). Herein, we analyzed the risk factors associated with kidney outcomes in patients with biopsy-proven anti-GBM disease and evaluated these 2 prognosis systems.

Methods: A total of 120 patients with biopsy-proven anti-GBM disease with complete clinicopathologic and outcome data were analyzed.

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Background: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as the link between gut microbiota and the immune system, had been reported to be protective in many autoimmune diseases by the modulation of T cell differentiation. The pathogenic role of autoreactive Th1 and Th17 cells and the protective role of Treg cells in the pathogenesis of anti-GBM disease have been fully demonstrated. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of SCFAs in a rat model of anti-GBM disease.

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As the population ages and medical technology advances, anesthesia procedures for elderly patients are becoming more common, leading to an increased prevalence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. However, the etiology and correlation between the gut microbiota and cognitive dysfunction are poorly understood, and research in this area is limited. In this study, mice with postoperative cognitive dysfunction were found to have reduced levels of fatty acid production and anti-inflammatory flora in the gut, and was associated with increased depression, leading to cognitive dysfunction and depression.

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  • A study investigated the presence of IgA anti-GBM antibodies in patients with anti-GBM disease, finding them in 18.7% of cases but not in healthy controls or those with other diseases.
  • The presence of circulating IgA antibodies did not significantly affect kidney outcomes or mortality, indicating they may not importantly alter the clinical prognosis of anti-GBM disease.
  • However, patients with IgA antibodies had higher levels of IgG anti-α3(IV)NC1, suggesting a potential link between these two types of antibodies in the disease.
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Background: The combination of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) has been well documented in sporadic cases, but lacks overall assessment in large collections. Herein, we investigated the clinical and immunological characteristics and outcome of this entity.

Methods: Seventy-five consecutive patients with biopsy-proven anti-GBM disease from March 2012 to March 2020 were screened.

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Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibodies against GBM components. Evidence from human inherited kidney diseases and animal models suggests that the α, β, and γ chains of laminin-521 are all essential for maintaining the glomerular filtration barrier. We previously demonstrated that laminin-521 is a novel autoantigen within the GBM and that autoantibodies to laminin-521 are present in about one-third of patients.

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Background: The phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) associated with membranous nephropathy (MN) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease associated with PLA2R and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. Familial PLA2R-related MN is rarely reported. The combination of anti-GBM disease and MN has been well documented, though the mechanism behind it remains unclear.

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Background: In adults undergoing noncardiac surgery, the correlation between intraoperative tidal volume and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low tidal volume ventilation on the incidence of postoperative AKI compared with conventional tidal volume in adults undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Methods: This was a two-center prospective randomized controlled trial on adult patients who underwent noncardiac surgery and had a mechanical ventilation of >60 min.

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Purpose: Opioid-based anesthesia is a traditional form of anesthesia that has a significant analgesic effect; however, it can cause nausea, vomiting, delirium, and other side effects. Opioid-free anesthesia with dexmedetomidine and lidocaine has attracted widespread attention. This study aimed to compare the effects of opioid-free and opioid-based anesthesia (OFA and OBA, respectively) on postoperative recovery in patients who had undergone video-assisted thoracic surgery.

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  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition linked to an imbalance in gut bacteria, and Zhishi Daozhi Decoction (ZDD) is derived from traditional Chinese medicine with potential liver-protecting benefits.!* -
  • In a study, mice fed a high-fat diet were given ZDD, resulting in reduced body weight, lower liver and blood lipid levels, decreased liver fat accumulation, and improved intestinal flora composition.!* -
  • The findings suggest that ZDD might help treat NAFLD by enhancing gut health and promoting a better environment for intestinal bacteria, along with bolstering the expression of proteins that maintain intestinal structure.!*
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Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibodies against the glomerular and alveolar basement membranes, leading to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and severe alveolar hemorrhage. The noncollagenous domain of the α3 chain of type IV collagen, α3(IV)NC1, contains the main target autoantigen in this disease. Epitope mapping studies of α3(IV)NC1 have identified several nephritogenic epitopes and critical residues that bind to autoantibodies and trigger anti-GBM disease.

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Ovarian cancer (OC) is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens women's health. Due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, most patients exhibit advanced disease or peritoneal metastasis at diagnosis. We discovered that IFFO1 is a novel tumor suppressor, but its role in tumorigenesis, development and chemoresistance is unknown.

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Background: Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is a rare but severe autoantibody-mediated immune disorder. The typical clinical presentation includes rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and often concurrent pulmonary hemorrhage. The present study is aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of rituximab either used alone or with other immunosuppressants.

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Introduction: Anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease is a rare but the most aggressive form of glomerulonephritis. To dissect the prognostic factors, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of a large cohort and compared the clinical features and prognosis during decades.

Methods: Data on clinical manifestation, treatment, and prognosis were collected.

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  • * The optimal extraction conditions identified included ultrasonic power, time, temperature, and liquid/solid ratio, resulting in a glycoprotein yield of 1.63%.
  • * The glycoprotein exhibited strong antioxidant properties and enhanced immune functions in mice, suggesting its potential as a functional food ingredient in the food industry.
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  • A new low molecular weight polysaccharide, LMW-BSP, was extracted from Bletilla striata and characterized, revealing it to be a neutral polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 23 kDa, primarily composed of glucose and mannose in a specific ratio.
  • Structural analysis techniques, including periodate oxidation, Smith-degradation, and NMR spectroscopy, determined the main chain sequence of LMW-BSP.
  • The polysaccharide demonstrated significant antitumor activity in H22 tumor-bearing mice, enhancing immune cell function and leading to the death of cancer cells, suggesting its potential as a treatment component for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Background: Antiglomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is characterized by GN and often pulmonary hemorrhage, mediated by autoantibodies that typically recognize cryptic epitopes within α345(IV) collagen-a major component of the glomerular and alveolar basement membranes. Laminin-521 is another major GBM component and a proven target of pathogenic antibodies mediating GN in animal models. Whether laminin-521 is a target of autoimmunity in human anti-GBM disease is not yet known.

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Background: Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease (GBM) is an autoimmune disease caused by the deposition of circulating anti-GBM antibodies. Non-collagen region of α3 chain of type IV collagen (α3(IV)NC1) is one of the main target antigens, in which E and E are the most classical antigen epitopes. It has been reported that anti-GBM antibodies can be detected in HIV patients; however, its immunological characteristics are still unclear.

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