Beta2-microglobulin as a biomarker in peripheral arterial disease: proteomic profiling and clinical studies.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common but commonly unrecognized. Improved recognition of PAD is needed. We used high-throughput proteomic profiling to find PAD-associated biomarkers.

Serum proteome profiling detects myelodysplastic syndromes and identifies CXC chemokine ligands 4 and 7 as markers for advanced disease.

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are among the most frequent hematologic malignancies. Patients have a short survival and often progress to acute myeloid leukemia. The diagnosis of MDS can be difficult; there is a paucity of molecular markers, and the pathophysiology is largely unknown.

Evaluation of apolipoprotein A1 and posttranslationally modified forms of transthyretin as biomarkers for ovarian cancer detection in an independent study population.

Background: Although overall 5-year survival rates for ovarian cancer are poor (10-30%), stage I/IIa patients have a 95% 5-year survival. New biomarkers that improve the diagnostic performance of existing tumor markers are critically needed. A previous study by Zhang et al.

Independent validation of candidate breast cancer serum biomarkers identified by mass spectrometry.

Background: We previously selected a panel of 3 breast cancer biomarkers (BC1, BC2, and BC3) from serum samples collected at a single hospital based on their collective contribution to the optimal separation of breast cancer patients and noncancer controls by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS). The identities and general applicability of these markers, however, were unknown. In this study, we performed protein expression profiling on samples obtained from a second hospital, included a greater number of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cases, and performed purification and identification of the 2 confirmed markers.

Classification of cancer types by measuring variants of host response proteins using SELDI serum assays.

Protein expression profiling has been increasingly used to discover and characterize biomarkers that can be used for diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic purposes. Most proteomic studies published to date have identified relatively abundant host response proteins as candidate biomarkers, which are often dismissed because of an apparent lack of specificity. We demonstrate that 2 host response proteins previously identified as candidate markers for early stage ovarian cancer, transthyretin and inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4), are posttranslationally modified.

Three biomarkers identified from serum proteomic analysis for the detection of early stage ovarian cancer.

Early detection remains the most promising approach to improve long-term survival of patients with ovarian cancer. In a five-center case-control study, serum proteomic expressions were analyzed on 153 patients with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer, 42 with other ovarian cancers, 166 with benign pelvic masses, and 142 healthy women. Data from patients with early stage ovarian cancer and healthy women at two centers were analyzed independently and the results cross-validated to discover potential biomarkers.

Serum protein-expression profiling using the ProteinChip biomarker system.

Protein-expression profiling of serum is a common approach to the discovery of potential diagnostic and therapeutic markers of disease. Like any other proteome, the serum proteome is characterized by protein expression across a large dynamic range. This single facet requires the employment of fractionation procedures prior to detection of protein.