[Corrigendum) RNA interference‑mediated FANCF silencing sensitizes OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells to adriamycin through increased adriamycin‑induced apoptosis dependent on JNK activation.

After the publication of the article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that there appeared to be a pair of overlapping data panels in Fig. 4C on p. 1726 [specifically, the 'Untransfected' and 'Control shRNA' data panels for the ADM (24 h) experiments].

Prognostic impact of total and tyrosine phosphorylated GIV/Girdin in breast cancers.

Gα-interacting vesicle-associated protein (GIV, aka Girdin) is a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for the trimeric G protein Gαi and a bona fide metastasis-related gene that serves as a platform for amplification of tyrosine-based signals via G-protein intermediates. Here we present the first exploratory biomarker study conducted on a cohort of 187 patients with breast cancer to evaluate the prognostic role of total GIV (tGIV) and tyrosine phosphorylated GIV (pYGIV) across the various molecular subtypes. A Kaplan-Meier analysis of recurrence-free survival showed that the presence of tGIV, either cytoplasmic or nuclear, carried poor prognosis, but that nuclear tGIV had a greater prognostic impact (P = 0.

Giant cell rich osteosarcoma of the mandible with abundant spindle cells and osteoclast-like giant cells mimicking malignancy in giant cell tumor.

Giant cell rich osteosarcoma is a relatively unusual histological form of osteosarcoma, common lesion usually presenting in the long bones of the appendicular skeleton. The occurrence in the mandible is exceptional rare. Histologically, this tumor tends to be a highly anaplastic, pleomorphic tumor in which the tumor cells may be: plasmacytoid, fusiform, ovoid, small round cells, clear cells, mono-or multinucleated giant cells, or, spindle cells.

Expression, correlation, and prognostic value of TRAF2 and TRAF4 expression in malignant plural effusion cells in human breast cancer.

Background: TRAF2 and TRAF4, members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor- associated factor family of intracellular signal transduction proteins, are associated with breast cancer progression and metastasis.

Methods: We collected malignant serous effusion cells from the patients with breast cancer (n = 46). Cell blocks prepared from plural effusions (n = 46) and primary breast cancer (n = 50), lymph node metastases (n = 50), and normal breast tissue specimens (n = 30).

MiR-107 down-regulates SIAH1 expression in human breast cancer cells and silencing of miR-107 inhibits tumor growth in a nude mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer.

We have reported that SIAH1 is down-regulated and associated with apoptosis and invasion in human breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms leading to SIAH1 down-regulation remain to be elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that miR-107 directly down-regulates SIAH1 expression in human breast cancer cells.

Cytoplasmic TRAF4 contributes to the activation of p70s6k signaling pathway in breast cancer.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 4 (TRAF4) is an important adaptor protein that plays a significant role in several signaling pathways. By studying the relationship between TRAF4 and 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70s6k) in vivo, we demonstrated that cytoplasmic TRAF4 was correlated with the activation of p70s6k in breast cancer. Moreover, we found that cytoplasmic TRAF4 expression in breast cancer patients was significantly associated with a poor prognosis.

Proliferative role of TRAF4 in breast cancer by upregulating PRMT5 nuclear expression.

In this study, we examined protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated 4 (TRAF4) expression in breast cancer to find the interaction mechanism between the two. We examined TRAF4 and PRMT5 expression by immunohistochemistry and found that their expression is positively correlated in breast cancer. Besides, PRMT5 expression was significantly associated with histological type and tumor size (p < 0.

Overexpression of Rsf-1 correlates with pathological type, p53 status and survival in primary breast cancer.

Aim: The incidence of breast cancer in developing countries still increasing, to identify novel molecular markers associated with carcinogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer still being implemented. The largest subunit of Remodeling and spacing factor (RSF), Rsf-1, mediates ATPase-dependent chromatin remodeling. Its oncogenic properties have been demonstrated in certain carcinomas.

Suppressive role of miR-502-5p in breast cancer via downregulation of TRAF2.

TRAF2 promotes cancer cell survival, proliferation and metastasis through the NF-κB pathway by directly interacting with various TNF recepors. However, the molecular mechanism of TRAF2 dysregulation in breast cancer remains to be elucidated. In the present study, miR-502-5p was predicted as a potential regulator of TRAF2.

RNA interference-mediated FANCF silencing sensitizes OVCAR3 ovarian cancer cells to adriamycin through increased adriamycin-induced apoptosis dependent on JNK activation.

In the present study, we downregulated FANCF expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in OVCAR ovarian cancer cells to address the effects of decreased FANCF expression on the function of the Fanconi anemia (FA)/breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) pathway. Furthermore, we investigated whether this method increases the sensitivity of OVCAR3 cells to adriamycin (ADM) and the possible mechanism(s). We found that silencing of FANCF inactivated the FA/BRCA pathway by decreasing the monoubiquitination and focus formation of FANCD2 and reduced the function of the FA/BRCA pathway, resulting in the inhibition of cell proliferation, increased cell apoptosis and DNA damage in OVCAR3 cells.

Clinical correlations and prognostic relevance of Fn14 expression in breast carcinoma.

The aim of the present study was to clarify the expression of fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), a type I transmembrane protein, in breast carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological features. We examined the expression of Fn14 in normal breast epithelial cells as well as in breast carcinoma cells, and in 12 cases of breast carcinoma tissues and the paired normal breast tissues by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, we analyzed Fn14 protein expression in 171 clinicopathologically characterized breast carcinoma cases by immunohistochemistry.

X-radiation inhibits histone deacetylase 1 and 2, upregulates Axin expression and induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) plays an important role in the deacetylation of histone, which can alter gene expression patterns and affect cell behavior associated with malignant transformation. The aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between HDAC1, HDAC2, clinicopathologic characteristics, patient prognosis and apoptosis, to clarify the mechanism of upregulation of the Axis inhibitor Axin (an important regulator of the Wnt pathway) by X-radiation and to elucidate the effect of siRNA on radiation therapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: HDAC1 and HDAC2 expression levels were measured by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription PCR.

Integrin β3 and its ligand regulate the expression of uPA through p38 MAPK in breast cancer.

Interplay between integrins and extracellular matrix is suggested to play an important role in malignant progression and tumor differentiation. The aim of the study was to determine the combined expression of integrin β3 and tenascin-c (TN-c) in breast cancer and examine whether integrin β3 and TN-c can activate urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). We detected the expression of integrin β3, TN-c, p-p38, and uPA in 80 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinoma by immunohistochemistry.

Expression and regulation mechanisms of Sonic Hedgehog in breast cancer.

Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) plays an essential role in vertebrate organogenesis as well as the development of some cancers, including breast cancer. The aim of the present study was to characterize more precisely its role in breast carcinogenesis and elucidate its regulation mechanisms. The expression of Shh was investigated in 97 breast carcinomas and 22 paired non-tumorous tissues (distant from the primary tumor) by immunohistochemistry and in four breast cell lines by Western blotting.

[Expression of TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its relationship to microvessel density in breast cancer].

Background & Objective: The expression of TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in breast cancer remains disputable. This study was to investigate the expression of TWEAK in breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cell lines with different invasive abilities, and the relationship of TWEAK with microvessel density (MVD).

Methods: Immunohistochemical S-P method was adopted to detect the expression of TWEAK in 70 specimens of breast cancer and 30 specimens of adjacent normal breast tissues.

[Expression and significance of TRAF4 protein in breast carcinoma].

Background & Objective: The researches about the expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) in breast cancer are disputable. This study was to investigate the expression of TRAF4 in normal breast, breast carcinoma tissue, and cell lines with different invasive abilities.

Methods: The expression of TRAF4 in 70 specimens of breast carcinoma and 14 specimens of normal breast tissues was detected by SP immunohistochemistry.

[Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in human breast carcinoma].

Background & Objective: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) has been implicated in the signaling pathways regulating cell growth by virtue of its activation in response to various mitogenic stimuli, but the role of PI3-K in human tumorigenesis has not yet to be defined. This study was designed to investigate the levels of both PI3-K protein and PI3-K mRNA and the activity of PI3-K in human breast tumors.

Methods: Western blot, immunoprecipitation, kinase activity assay, and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression and activity of PI3-K in 37 patients with breast cancers.

[Relationship between expressions of telomerase genes and apoptosis related genes in mammary ductal atypical hyperplasia].

Background & Objective: Recent studies showed that the activating of telomerase and excessive expression of apoptosis suppressor genes were related to the development of many tumors. This study was designed to investigate the expression of telomerase genes (hTR, hTRT) and apoptosis related genes (p53, bcl-2) in mammary atypical ductal hyperplasia for exploring the change of telomerase activity and apoptosis related genes in the process of mammary ductal dysplasia to malignant transformation.

Method: Expressions of telomerase genes (hTR, hTRT) and apoptosis related genes (p53, bcl-2) were detected by in situ hybridization and expression of the mutant p53 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry were detected in 44 patients with mammary atypical ductal hyperplasia, those expression were compared with those of the 6 benign hyperplasia and 26 breast carcinoma.