Contamination, ecological-health risks, and sources of potentially toxic elements in road-dust sediments and soils of the largest urban riverfront scenic park in China.

Identifying the contamination and sources of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in road-dust sediment (RDS) and the surrounding greenspace soil of urban environments and understanding their ecological-health risks are important for pollution management and public health. The contamination characteristics, ecological and probabilistic health risks, and source apportionment of eight PTEs (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, As, Zn, and Hg) in the Yellow River Custom Tourist Line of Lanzhou, which is the largest open urban riverfront scenic park in China, were investigated. The results showed that all the RDS PTE mean concentrations exceeded their soil background values, whereas for the surrounding greenspace soils, the concentrations of the PTEs, except for Cr and Ni, were also higher than their local background levels.

[Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Dusts and Surrounding Green Land Soils from Yellow River Custom Tourist Line in Lanzhou].

In order to investigate the contamination levels of dust and its surrounding green land soil heavy metal pollution and potential ecological and health risks in the scenic areas of urban waterfront parks, the gardens, squares, and theme parks of the Yellow River Custom Tourist Line in Lanzhou were selected as the research area, using 27 dust samples and 26 soil samples from its surrounding green lands. The contamination characteristics and potential ecological risks of eight heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) were evaluated using the geo-accumulation index (), single-factor pollution index (), Nemerow integrated pollution index (), and improved potential ecological risk index (RI). The human health risk assessment was also evaluated using the exposure risk model.

[Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Urban River Surface Sediments from the Lanzhou Reach of the Yellow River].

In order to investigate the contamination characteristics and potential sources of heavy metals from the urban river surface sediments in the Yellow River Basin, we selected the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River as the object of investigation. A total of 46 surface sediment samples were collected along the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River, and the contents of eight heavy metals, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb, were determined by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and an atomic fluorescence spectrometer. Contamination indexes including single factor pollution index () and geo-accumulation index (), together with the sediment pollution index (SPI), were used to assess heavy metal pollution characteristics and ecological risk levels in the urban river surface sediments of the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River.

The atmospheric lead emission, deposition, and environmental inequality driven by interprovincial trade in China.

Lead (Pb) as a hazardous air pollutant has raised widespread concerns due to its adverse and toxic effects on the ecological environment and human health. Here we integrated the multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model and an atmospheric transport model to examine regional environmental inequality (REI) index induced by Pb emission transfers, and to evaluate the impacts of interprovincial trade on regional atmospheric Pb concentrations and dry deposition fluxes in China in 2012. In 2012, approximately 57.

[Gridded Emission Inventories of Major Criteria Air Pollutants and Source Contributions in Lan-Bai Metropolitan Area, Northwest China].

Lan-Bai Metropolitan Area in Gansu province is an important heavy-industry base with the highest level of total air pollutant emissions in Northwest China. It is significant to study the high-resolution pollutant emission inventory to forecast regional air quality and to simulate pollutant emission reduction, as well as provide early warnings and forecasts, and to control air pollution. Taking Lanzhou and Baiyin as the main research areas, this study established the gridded emission inventories of seven major criteria air pollutants in the Lan-Bai Metropolitan Area based on emission data and statistical yearbooks of 2015-2016.

[Sources and Health Risks of Atmospheric Polychlorinated Biphenyls in an Urban/Industrial Areas, Northwest China].

A passive air sampler was used to monitor the concentration and contamination profile of 18 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the atmosphere over the urban and industrial area of Gaolan, a city in northwest China, during the non-heating and heating seasons of 2018, and the sources, pollutant transport, and the health risks of PCB exposure were analyzed and assessed using principle component analysis, trajectory modeling, and inhalation exposure modeling. The atmospheric concentration in the study area ranged from 110.2 to 429.

[Atmospheric Pollution Characteristics and Inhalation Exposure Risk of Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in PM at the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, Northwest China].

Atmospheric PM samples were collected by using the active sampling method to investigate the pollution characteristics of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) at the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Industry Base, Northwest China. Furthermore, the primary sources and the contributions of secondary formation sources as well as the inhalation exposure risks were identified. The main results were as follows.

[Pollution Characteristics and Occupational Exposure Risk of Heavy Metals in Indoor and Outdoor Ambient Particles at a Scaled Electronic Waste Dismantling Plant, Northwest China].

Atmospheric particle samples (PM、PM、PM) were collected from three sampling sites (indoor and outdoor workplaces of a formal e-waste dismantling plant, and upwind area) in an arid area of Northwest China. The contents of six heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were analyzed using ICP-OES. Based on this data, the concentration levels, size distribution characteristics, and occupational exposure risks of heavy metals at the indoor and outdoor dismantling workplaces were studied.

[Pollution Characteristics, Dry Deposition Fluxes, and Sources for Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Bosten Lake Watershed].

Passive air samplers (PAS-PUF) and passive dry deposition (PAS-DD) samplers were applied in the Bosten Lake watershed located in Xinjiang to estimate the atmospheric concentrations and dry deposition fluxes for 15 US EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during a heating period in 2016 and no-heating period in 2017, respectively. The results showed that the atmospheric PAHs concentrations in the Bosten oasis area ranged from 6.38 ng·m to 245.

[Atmospheric Dry Deposition Fluxes and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Lanzhou Valley, Northwest China].

The atmospheric dry deposition flux pollution levels were determined and the sources apportioned for 15 US EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) collected at 13 sampling sites in the Lanzhou valley using passive sampling techniques. The results are as follows. The annual atmospheric dry deposition fluxes ranged from 7.

[Ecological risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in aquatic ecosystems of Pearl River Estuary].

The risk quotient method and a probabilistic risk assessment method were applied for assessing aquatic ecological risk of nine organophosphorus pesticides, including thimet, dichlorovos, disulfoton, dimethoate, dimethyl parathion, chlorpyrifos, ethoprophos, sumithion and malathion on eight aquatic organisms in the Pearl River Estuary. Results using the risk quotient method revealed that the risk level of opossum shrimp was the highest among eight aquatic organisms of the Pearl River Estuary. The risk of water flea and midge was in medium level, followed by the rest six aquatic organisms, including diatom, oyster, carp, catfish and eel, which were in the low risk by the examined organophosphorus pesticides.

[Seasonal variation and spatial distribution of typical organochlorine pesticides in the atmosphere of Hexi Corridor and Lanzhou, northwest China].

Air samples were seasonally collected in Hexi Corridor and Lanzhou, Gansu province, using polyurethane foam (PUF) based passive air samplers for a year and determined hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs). Atmospheric concentrations of sigma HCHs (alpha-HCH +beta-HCH +gamma-HCH +delta-HCH) and sigma DDTs (p,p'-DDT + o,p'-DDT + p,p'-DDE + p,p'-DDD) were 86.22 pg x m(-3) and 34.

[Residual levels in air, soil and soil-air exchange of organochlorine pesticides in Hami region of Xinjiang and its potential ecological risk].

The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in soil and air of urban/rural/forestry centre locations in the Hami region of Xinjiang were monitored for a year by passive atmospheric sampling in order to study the residual levels and air-soil exchange and evaluate ecological risk. The study results showed that the annual average concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in the air of Hami were 107.1 pg x m(-3) and 43.