Chlorophyllin-Containing Copolymers and Their Responsive Properties.

Copper-chlorophyllin is a water-soluble derivative of chlorophylls and shows low cytotoxicity and antimutagenic properties in cultured cells. It has multiple applications, including its use as a photosensitizer in photothermal therapy because of its green light-activated photothermal performance. In this work, it was copolymerized with a poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylic monomer to yield random copolymers by free radical polymerization, which showed dual temperature- and pH-dependent phase transitions in aqueous solutions.

A Novel Flp Reporter Mouse Shows That TRPA1 Expression Is Largely Limited to Sensory Neuron Subsets.

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal cation channel that is activated by electrophilic irritants, oxidative stress, cold temperature, and GPCR signaling. TRPA1 expression has been primarily identified in subsets of nociceptive sensory afferents and is considered a target for future analgesics. Nevertheless, TRPA1 has been implicated in other cell types including keratinocytes, epithelium, enterochromaffin cells, endothelium, astrocytes, and CNS neurons.

Meroterpenoids with divers' rings systems from Phyllosticta capitalensis and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Four undescribed sesquiterpene-shikimates (1-4), eight undescribed monoterpene-shikimates (5-12), together with two known ones were isolated and identified from the 95% ethanol extract of the plant endophytic fungus Phyllosticta capitalensis cultured in rice medium. Capitalensis A (1) was identified as the first sesquiterpene-shikimate-conjugated spirocyclic meroterpenoid degradation product, while capitalensis B (2) is a sesquiterpene-shikimate-conjugated spirocyclic meroterpenoid with a unique D-ring formed by a C-2-O-C-9' connection. The structures of these previously undescribed compounds were elucidated by multiple techniques, including IR, HR-ESI-MS, and NMR analysis.

Facile Obtainment of Fluorescent PEG Hydrogels Bearing Pyrene Groups by Frontal Polymerization.

Frontal polymerization (FP) was used to prepare poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEGMA) fluorescent polymer hydrogels containing pyrenebutyl pendant groups as fluorescent probes. The polymerization procedure was carried out under solvent-free conditions, with different molar quantities of pyrenebutyl methyl ether methacrylate (PybuMA) and PEGMA, in the presence of tricaprylmethylammonium (Aliquat 336) persulfate as a radical initiator. The obtained PEGPy hydrogels were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, confirming the effective incorporation of the PybuMA monomer into the polymer backbone.

The Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of A Novel Recombinant Activated Human Factor VII, GEN-0828, in Hemophilia B Mice.

GEN-0828, a proposed clinical candidate for hemophilia and trauma hemorrhage treatment, is a novel recombinant activated human factor VII (rFVIIa). The purpose of this paper is to compare the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of GEN-0828 in hemophilia B mice with those of NovoSeven®, the only marketed rFVIIa product worldwide., GEN-0828 and NovoSeven® showed similar affinity bioactivity to recombinant tissue factor (rTF) in vitro.

Radiotherapy combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in NSCLC brain metastases treatment: The mechanisms, advances, opportunities, and challenges.

At present, whole-brain radiation therapy/stereotactic radiosurgery is one of the main local treatments for brain metastasis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, it has been proved that radiotherapy (RT) can regulate the immune response, and small-sample studies have shown that patients with NSCLC brain metastases (BMs) can benefit from RT combined with immunotherapy (IO). However, the efficacy and safety of the combination treatment have not been deeply elaborated.

How Does Information Sharing of a Supervisor Influence Proactive Change Behavior of an Employee? The Chain Mediating Role of Family-Like Employee-Organization Relationship and Relationship Energy.

The proactive change behavior of an employee is the key to promoting organizational innovation. However, the proactive change has a certain risk, and many employees are unwilling to implement initiatively. How to promote the occurrence of a proactive change behavior of an employee has become a hot issue in the theoretical and practical areas.

Guest-Mediated Reversal of the Tumbling Process in Phosphorus-Dendritic Compounds Containing β-Cyclodextrin Units: An NMR Study.

The conformational study of dendritic platforms containing multiple β-cyclodextrin (βCD) units in the periphery is relevant to determine the availability of βCD cavities for the formation of inclusion complexes in aqueous biological systems. In this work, we performed a detailed conformational analysis in DO, via 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy of a novel class of phosphorus dendritic compounds of the type PN-[O-CH-O-(CH)-βCD] (where = 3 or 4). We unambiguously demonstrated that a functionalized glucopyranose unit of at least one βCD unit undergoes a 360° tumbling process, resulting in a deep inclusion of the spacer that binds the cyclodextrin to the phosphorus core inside the cavity, consequently limiting the availability of the inner cavities.

Melatonin Alleviates Acute Gouty Inflammation In Vivo and In Vitro.

The aim of this study was to identify the effects of melatonin on acute gouty inflammation and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. We found significantly lower serum melatonin levels in gout patients in the acute phase than in those in the remission phase or in normal individuals. The mRNA expression of melatonin receptor 2 (MT2) was also lower in gout patients than in normal individuals.

Buserelin Inhibits the Immunosuppressive Activity of Regulatory T Cells through the Protein Kinase A Signaling in a Central Precocious Puberty Model.

Background: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHas) are used for treating central precocious puberty (CPP). However, their roles in the regulation of immune cells especially regulatory T cells (Tregs) remains elusive. Therefore, we characterized buserelin-induced phenotypical and functional changes of Tregs.

[Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography and Color Doppler Ultrasonography for Dynamic Assessment of Intracranial Changes in Early MCAO Rats Models].

Objective: To assess the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and color Doppler ultrasound (DUS) on hemodynamic changes and cerebral perfusion quantitative analyses in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with focal permanent ischemic stroke.

Methods: Sixteen SD rats with thin skulls were subjected to establish middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. CEUS images were performed before modeling (T ), immediately after modeling (5-15 min after modeling, T ), 3 h after modeling (T ), followed by the measurement of bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA) using DUS.

Efficient modification of PAMAM G1 dendrimer surface with β-cyclodextrin units by CuAAC: impact on the water solubility and cytotoxicity.

The toxicity of the poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM) caused by the peripheral amino groups has been a limitation for their use as drug carriers in clinical applications. In this work, we completely modified the periphery of PAMAM dendrimer generation 1 (PAMAM G1) with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) units through the Cu(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) to obtain the PAMAM G1-β-CD dendrimer with high yield. The PAMAM G1-β-CD was characterized by H- and C-NMR and mass spectrometry studies.

Cardiovascular events in hyperuricemia population and a cardiovascular benefit-risk assessment of urate-lowering therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hyperuricemia and gout have become public health concerns; many important guidelines have recommended xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs) as the first-line urate-lowering therapies (ULTs) to treat chronic gout with hyperuricemia. However, whether treating hyperuricemia and gout with ULTs modifies cardiovascular risks remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the incident risk of cardiovascular (CV) events (CVE) in hyperuricemia population, assess the cardiovascular benefit-risk of ULTs in hyperuricemia patients with or without gout in diverse cardiovascular risk sub-groups, and specify the safety of different ULTs.

Increased Plasma Levels of S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a skin disorder with an important immunologic profile. S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 are the members of S100 family that have been reported to play important role in autoimmune diseases, but the characteristics of these three S100 members have not been defined in CSU.

Aims: This study was performed to investigate the levels of these three S100s in patients with CSU and to study whether they were associated with the severity and clinical characteristics of CSU.

[Application of Multimodal Transcranial Ultrasound in SD Rats of Cerebral Ischemic Model at Super Early Stage].

Objective: To determine the value of applying multimodal ultrasound (mUS) in SD rats of cerebral ischemic model at super early stage (5-15 min after modeling).

Methods: Fifteen focal cerebral ischemic models were established in SD rats with thinning skulls using the suture method. Gray-scale ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and enhanced color Doppler (CECDUS) were performed before and immediately after the modeling to observe the location of the in-cranial suture, perfusion of the right hemisphere, and color flow signal of the middle cerebral artery and the anterior cerebral artery, respectively.

[Combined Process of DNBF-O-GAC for Nitrogen and Phosphorus and Metabolite Advanced Removal].

To improve the quality of the tailings water from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), a denitrification biofilter (DNBF) with a composite filler composed of a new slow-release organic-carbon source (SOC-F), sponge iron, and activated carbon was tested. Studies were conducted in the combined process of DNBF-O-GAC to explore the efficiency of the advanced removal of nitrogen, phosphorus, and microbial metabolite by using synthetic effluent made from running water and chemicals. Corresponding comparative studies were conducted by using the secondary effluent from the WWTP.

[Effects of Temperature on the Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal and Microbial Community in SCSC-S/Fe].

In order to investigate the effect of temperature on the cellulose-degrading bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, the denitrification and phosphorus removal of solid carbon source of cellulose corncob+sulfur/sponge iron nitrogen and phosphorus removal composite system, abbreviated as SCSC-S/Fe, was analyzed under different temperature conditions, and the surface structure and microbial properties of corncob before and after reaction were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technologies. The results indicated that when temperature increased from 15, 20, 25 to 30℃, the average TN removal rate of the system increased from 78.88% to 92.

The Potential Effect of Oral Microbiota in the Prediction of Mucositis During Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background: Oral mucositis is probably the most debilitating complication that can arise in treating a patient with head and neck cancer. Little is known about the impacts of oral microbiota on the initiation and progression of mucositis.

Methods: Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, dynamic changes in oral bacterial profile as well as correlations between the severity of mucositis and bacterial shifts during radiotherapy were investigated.

[Phosphorus Removal Mechanism of Sulfur/Sponge Iron Composite Fillers Based on Denitrification].

In order to improve the phosphorus removal effect in the denitrification and phosphorus synchronous removal process by sulfur/sponge iron composite fillers, the phosphorus removal effect by different fillers with the coupling microorganisms was studied to analyze the denitrifying phosphorus removal mechanism of the microbial coupling sulfur/sponge iron composite fillers. The research result showed that the phosphorus removal ratio of sponge iron/sulfur composite fillers was over 95%, which was increased by 30% as compared to only sponge iron filler. In addition, the effluent TP concentration was reduced to less than 0.

Recent Developments and Optimization of Lipase-Catalyzed Lactone Formation and Ring-Opening Polymerization.

To obtain materials useful for the biomedical field, toxic catalysts should be removed from the synthetic route of polymerization reactions and of their precursors. Lipase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization and the synthesis of cyclic precursors can be performed with the same catalyst under different conditions. Here, we highlight the use of lipases as catalysts and optimization of their performance for both ring-closing and ring-opening polymerization, via varying parameters such as ring size, concentration, substrate molar ratio, temperature, and solvent.

[Effects of Sulfur/sponge Iron Ratio for Deep Denitrification and Phosphorus Removal of Reclaimed Water].

To study the effects of sulfur/sponge iron ratio on denitrification and phosphorus removal, a series of static experiments were conducted using different ratios of sulfur and sponge iron. The results showed that the denitrification and phosphorus removal effect of sulfur/sponge iron composite fillers was significantly higher than that of single filler, and sulfur/sponge iron ratio was one of the key factors influencing nitrogen and phosphorus removal by composite fillers. When the volume ratio was equal to or greater than 1:1, the removal efficiency of TN and TP reached 85% and 97%, respectively.

SIRT1 prevents hyperuricemia via the PGC-1α/PPARγ-ABCG2 pathway.

Silent information regulator T1 (SIRT1) plays several key roles in the regulation of lipid and glucose homoeostasis. In this study, we investigated the potential role of SIRT1 in hyperuricemia and explored possible mechanisms. Significant hyperuricemia was detected in C57BL/6 mice treated with oxonate and yeast polysaccharide.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SCT800, a new recombinant FVIII, in hemophilia A mice.

Aim: SCT800 is a new third-generation recombinant FVIII agent that is undergoing promising preclinical study. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of SCT800 in hemophilia A mice.

Methods: After hemophilia A mice were intravenously injected with single dose of SCT800 (80, 180, and 280 IU/kg) or the commercially available product Xyntha (280 IU/kg), pharmacokinetics profiles were evaluated based on measuring plasma

Fviii: C.