Exosomes Released from CaSR-Stimulated PMNs Reduce Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) can initiate a strong inflammatory response. Polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) are the most important inflammatory cells. Our previous studies found that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) regulates the proinflammatory effects of PMNs.

[Combined treatment with urea injection and surgical procedure for the scrotal vein malformation in teenagers].

Objective: To discuss the treatment of the scrotal vein malformation in teenagers and clinical efficacy.

Methods: 32 cases with the local and diffuse scrotal vein malformation were retrospectively analyzed. 31 cases underwent local injection with 40% urea before resection.