Relationship between glycemic variability and cognitive function in lacune patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Lacunes are the manifestations of lacunar infarction which can lead many patients to the clinical outcome of disability or dementia. However, the relationship between lacune burden, cognitive function and blood glucose fluctuation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with lacunes is not very clear.

Aim: To explore the correlation between glucose variability, lacune burden and cognitive function in patients with lacunes complicated with T2DM.

Box-copper catalyzed cascade asymmetric amidation for chiral -methylene aminoindoline derivatives.

Enantioselective copper-catalyzed cascade inter- and intramolecular amidation was achieved between ethynyl benzoxazinanones and α-halohydroxamates in the presence of an indapybox ligand. The one-pot cascade transformation was triggered by the attack of hydroxamates to dipolar copper-allenylidene intermediates, followed by a nucleophilic annulation reaction. Thus, a series of -methylene 3-aminoindoline derivatives were obtained in good yields with high enantioselectivities under mild reaction conditions.

Chiral Bidentate Phosphoramidite-Pd Catalyzed Asymmetric Decarboxylative Dipolar Cycloaddition for Multistereogenic Tetrahydrofurans with Cyclic -Sulfonyl Ketimine Moieties.

An asymmetric [3 + 2] cycloaddition of vinyl ethylenecarbonates (VECs) and ()-3-arylvinyl substituted benzo[] isothiazole 1,1-dioxides has been developed using the Pd complex of a bidentate phosphoramidite (Me-BIPAM) as the catalyst, providing a wide variety of chiral multistereogenic vinyltetrahydrofurans in good yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to >20:1 , 99% ).

Outcomes of Dura Splitting Decompression Versus Posterior Fossa Decompression With Duraplasty in the Treatment of Chiari I Malformation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Surgery is the definitive treatment option for symptomatic Chiari malformation I (CMI), but there is no clear consensus as to the preferred surgical method. This study aimed to quantitatively assess and compare the effect and safety of dura splitting decompression (DSD) and posterior fossa decompression with duraplasty (PFDD) in treating patients with CMI.

Methods: A literature search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was conducted.

Efficacy and safety of endovascular coiling vs surgical clipping for patients with ruptured carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms are relatively rare, and represent 1% of all intracranial aneurysms. Generally, endovascular coiling and surgical clipping are the 2 most commonly used methods to treat ruptured carotid-ophthalmic aneurysms, it provides the most favorable outcome for a patient. This study aims to assess the efficiency and safety of endovascular coiling vs surgical clipping for patients with a ruptured carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm.

Chiral Binaphthyl Box-Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Tandem Michael-Ketalization Annulations for Optically Active Aryl and Heteroaryl Fused Bicyclicnonanes.

The combination of chiral binaphthyl box-copper(II) with triflimide (TfNH) was identified as an efficient catalytic system for the asymmetric Michael/ketalization of ()-2-hydroxyaryl-2-oxobut-3-enoates or ()-ethyl 4-(2-aminoaryl)-2-oxobut-3-enoates with pyrazolone derivatives. The corresponding asymmetric tandem reactions provided a series of enantioenriched aryl and heteroaryl fused 2,8-,- or ,-bicyclo[3.3.

Curcumin-Activated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord and Their Effects on MPTP-Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease: A New Biological Therapy for Parkinson's Disease.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell activated by curcumin (hUC-MSCs-CUR) on Parkinson's disease (PD). hUC-MSCs can differentiate into many types of adult tissue cells including dopaminergic (DA) neurons. CUR could protect DA neurons from apoptosis induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA).

Chiral N-Heterocyclic-Carbene-Catalyzed Cascade Asymmetric Desymmetrization of Cyclopentenediones with Enals: Access to Optically Active 1,3-Indandione Derivatives.

A chiral N-heterocyclic-carbene-catalyzed cascade asymmetric desymmetrization reaction of cyclopentenediones with enals has been successfully initiated, followed with tandem aldol annulation, aromatization, as well as sequential methylation. The reactions proceeded well under mild reaction conditions, with broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, providing a rapid access to highly functionalized chiral 2,2-disubstituted 1,3-indandione derivatives containing an all-carbon quaternary stereogenic center in moderate to good yields with high enantioselectivities.

Intracranial solitary fibrous tumor: Report of two cases.

Rationale: Intracranial solitary fibrous tumor (ISFT) is a rare spindle cell tumor derived from dendritic mesenchymal cells expressing CD34 antigens, which are widely distributed in human connective tissues.

Patient Concerns: In two case reports, we describe a 61-year-old woman and a 42-year-old man who present with intracranial malignant SFTs. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of head revealed that the largest size is about 3.

Retrospective analysis of 52 patients with prolactinomas following endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery.

Background: Prolactinomas affect patients' quality of life and even endanger lives. The study aimed to investigate the effect of the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETA) on 52 patients with prolactinomas.

Methods: A total of 52 patients with prolactinomas who had previously undergone EETA in the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region between January 2013 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.

A novel fully human anti-CD47 antibody as a potential therapy for human neoplasms with good safety.

Strategies for targeting CD47 are becoming a hot spot of cancer immunotherapy. However the ubiquitous expression of CD47, especially on the RBC, makes the targeted therapy facing safety risk issues. So, how to balance the safety and efficacy during CD47 inhibition is currently a major question.

Protective Effect of Curcumin Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury in Rats with Parkinson's Disease Through the Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Background/aims: The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of curcumin against oxidative stress-induced injury of Parkinson's disease (PD) through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in rats.

Methods: The successfully established PD rat models and normal healthy rats were randomly assigned into the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), the curcumin (Cur) and the control groups. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the positive expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).

Pancreatic stellate cells increase pancreatic cancer cells invasion through the hepatocyte growth factor /c-Met/survivin regulated by P53/P21.

Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are a key cellular component of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and are considered to contribute to tumor invasion and metastasis. Multiple cytokines and growth factors derived from PSCs are involved in malignant cancer progression, including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). However, the molecular mechanisms by which HGF regulates cancer invasion and metastasis have not been completely elucidated.

Comparison of scleral buckling using wide-angle viewing systems and indirect ophthalmoscope for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Aim: To compare the effects of scleral buckling using wide-angle viewing systems (WAVS) with that using indirect ophthalmoscope for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods: The study was a retrospective analyses of the medical records of 94 eyes (94 patients) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Among them, 47 eyes underwent scleral buckling using WAVS with endoilluminator (Group W), and 47 eyes underwent scleral buckling using indirect ophthalmoscope (Group I).

Posterior scleral reinforcement for the treatment of pathological myopia.

Aim: To investigate the effects of posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) in the treatment of pathological myopia.

Methods: The study included 52 eyes in 43 patients with pathological myopia who underwent PSR (PSR group), and 52 eyes in 36 age- and myopia-matched patients who did not undergo such treatment as control group. Axial length, refraction error, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and macular scans by optical coherence tomography (OCT) were recorded at baseline, 6mo, 1, 3 and 5y after the surgery, and the complications were noted.

Posterior scleral reinforcement combined with vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis.

Aim: To investigate the effects of posterior scleral reinforcement (PSR) combined with vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis.

Methods: Thirty-nine highly myopic eyes of 39 patients with myopic foveoschisis underwent PSR combined with vitrectomy. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction error, and the foveal thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT) were recorded before and after the surgery, and complications were noted.

Ranibizumab Plus Combined Surgery for Treatment of Neovascular Glaucoma with Vitreous Hemorrhage.

Background: Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is a refractory glaucoma. The management of NVG is very difficult, and it is more difficult when combined with vitreous hemorrhage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ranibizumab plus combined surgery for NVG with vitreous hemorrhage.

Effects of hepatocyte growth factor on MMP-2 expression in scleral fibroblasts from a guinea pig myopia model.

Aim: To investigate the effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on MMP-2 expression in scleral fibroblasts from guinea pig with LIM.

Methods: Sixty 1-week-old guinea pigs were chosen for the study. The right eyes were treated with -10.

Expression of hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor c-Met in lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs.

Background: Myopia is a common disorder and the incidence has increased yearly, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor c-Met in the development of lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs.

Methods: Sixty one-week-old guinea pigs were chosen.

[The toxic effects of lead acetate on the apoptosis and the ultrastructure in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2)].

Objective: To explore the toxic effects of lead acetate on the apoptosis and ultrastructure of human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2).

Methods: After HK-2 cells were exposed to 5, 10 and 20 µmol/L lead acetate for 24 h, the morphological changes of HK-2 cells were observed by Hochest 33342-PI staining, and the ultrastructure changes of HK-2 cells were examined under a electron microscope, LDH activity and MDA content in supernatant of HK-2 cellular culture were detected by spectrophotometer, DNA damage of HK-2 was determined by DNA ladder and the apoptotic rates of HK-2 cells were measured by flow cytometry.

Results: The morphological changes of apoptotic HK-2 cells in exposure group were observed by Hochest 33342-PI staining.