SNP rs12794714 of CYP2R1 is associated with serum vitamin D levels and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA): a case-control study.

Purpose: Vitamin D (VD) deficiency seems to be associated with the risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1 (CYP2R1) are two genes which are vital for VD metabolism and actions. However, whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes are correlated with the risk of RSA are poorly understood.

[Impact of cigarette smoking on sperm quality and seminal plasma ROS in preconception males].

Objective: To investigate the influence of cigarette smoking on sperm quality and ROS in the seminal plasma of preconception males in Chongqing so as to provide some guidance for preconception couples.

Methods: Totally, 368 preconception males were enrolled in this study, including 196 smokers and 172 non-smokers, and the former divided into mild smokers (n = 88, ≤9 cigarettes per day for ≤5 years) and moderate to heavy smokers (n = 108, ≥10 cigarettes per day for ≥5 years or ≤9 cigarettes per day for ≥10 years). All the subjects underwent physical examination, medical history interview, health questionnaire investigation, and determination of semen parameters, ROS in the seminal plasma and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI).