Scleral ultrastructure and biomechanical changes in rabbits after negative lens application.

Aim: To address the microstructure and biomechanical changes of the sclera of rabbits after negative lens application by spectacle frame apparatus.

Methods: Five New Zealand rabbits of seven weeks post-natal were treated with -8 D lens monocularly over the course of two weeks. Refractive errors and axial length (AXL) were measured at the 1, 7 and 14 days of the induction period.

The effects of monochromatic illumination on early eye development in rhesus monkeys.

Purpose: Influence of longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) on emmetropization during early eye development has not been studied in primates. We investigated the effects of quasi-monochromatic lighting on refractive development and eye growth in rhesus monkeys.

Methods: Infant rhesus monkeys were raised under one of three lighting conditions for 51 weeks: quasi-monochromatic blue light (peak 455 nm), red light (peak 610 nm), and white light (color temperature 5000 K).

Inhibition of corneal fibrosis by Smad7 in rats after photorefractive keratectomy.

Background: Haze or corneal subepithelial fibrosis is one of the common complications after refractive surgery procedures, such as photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), laser epithelial keratomileusis, and epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis, which would result in refractive regression, decreased visual quality, and corneal opacification. Haze directly resulted from corneal fibrosis mediated by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). Smad7, an inhibitory Smad, can inhibit TGFβ signal transduction.

[Research on retinoic acid signals in retina of guinea pig eyes with different monochromatic illumination].

Objective: Retinoic acid (RA) is the only extrinsic biochemical candidate that could act as a growth controller, the present study was designed to evaluate the retinoic acid signals in retina of guinea pig eyes with different monochromatic illumination.

Methods: Ninety 2-week-old guinea pigs were divided into 3 groups randomly and were raised under green (530 nm) (n = 30), blue (430 nm) (n = 30) or white lighting (5000K) (n = 30) conditions. The axial length was measured with Cine scan A/B ultrasonography before, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks during experiment.

Expression of Smad7 inhibits fibrogenic responses of keratocytes to transforming growth factor β2.

Background: Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is one of the most important growth factors in the development of fibrosis and scarring on cornea. Smad7, an inhibitory Smad, can inhibit TGFβ signal transduction. In recent years, effects of lentiviral-mediated Smad7 on inhibition of fibrosis on some organs have been studied, while little is known about the effects on cornea.

Effects of different monochromatic lights on refractive development and eye growth in guinea pigs.

We investigated whether different monochromatic lights with similar luminance or identical light quantum number produce predictable changes in refractive state and eye growth in early eye development in guinea pigs. In experiment I, three groups of guinea pigs (two weeks of age, n=18 in each group) were reared for 12 weeks under LED lighting of 430 nm (short-wavelength light, SL), 530 nm (middle-wavelength light, ML), and broad-band light (BL). The lighting conditions were set to provide equal levels of luminance.

[Refraction is important procedure in the diagnose and treatment of eye diseases].

Refraction is the primary and necessary work in the diagnose of eye diseases. It is also the useful methods which can be used in the treatment of eye diseases. High attention should be paid on refraction in daily clinical work, including talents training, necessary equipment and standard refraction process.

[The clinical efficacy and safety study of Esculin and Digitalis glycosides Eye Drops in treating ametropic asthenopia].

Objective: To study the clinical efficacy and safety of the Esculin and Digitalis glycosides Eye Drops used in the patients of ametropic asthenopia.

Methods: Multicenter clinical trial. Asthenopia patients were chosen from eleven hospitals cross China from July, 2008 to January, 2009.

Clinic study on silicone hydrogel contact lenses used as bandage contact lenses after LASEK surgery.

Aim: To compare the clinical performance of two types of silicon hydrogel contact lenses used as bandage lenses after LASEK surgery.

Methods: A prospective, double-masked study was conducted on 42 eyes of 21 patients who received binocular LASEK surgeries. The interocular difference in spherical equivalent power was less than -1.

Expressions of cellular retinoic acid binding proteins I and retinoic acid receptor-β in the guinea pig eyes with experimental myopia.

Aim: All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the only extrinsic biochemical candidate known to date that could act as a growth controller, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression cellular retinoic acid binding proteins I (CRABP-I) and retinoic acid receptor-β (RAR-β) in retina of the guinea pig eyes with experimental myopia.

Methods: Ninety guinea pigs aged 14 days were equally and randomly divided into three groups: form deprivation (FD), -5D lens, and control. The diffusers for FD were white translucent hemispheres, and -5D lenses were used to introduce hyperopic defocus.

[Setting the individual file of ocular refractive development of children is the primary procedure in the prevention of myopia].

The purpose of setting the file of ocular refractive development is to record the process of eye development in children with plan. Set the individual file and begins at 3 years old till 12. Examination is done every 6 months.

[A compare study on cornea biomechanical properties in normal and keratoconic eyes].

Objective: To compare the corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) measured with the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) in normal and keratoconic eyes.

Methods: It was a case-control study. Random selected 96 normal eyes and 46 keratoconic eyes in the same period were included in this study.

A generic eye model by reverse building based on Chinese population.

The human eye has ethnic difference, the existing typical eye models are based on western eyes. A generic eye model based on Chinese population is presented for the first time. The statistical analyzed ocular parameters based on measured data are used for the initial generic eye model, and the wavefront aberration data obtained at two different pupil diameters are used for reproduction by optimizing the initial generic eye model.

Incidence of myopia in high school students with and without red-green color vision deficiency.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of color vision on myopia development by testing refraction error and axial length of the eye for high school students with and without color vision deficiency (CVD).

Methods: A school-based cross-sectional, cluster sample study was conducted to test the color vision and refractive error of 16,539 high school students. Students were screened for CVD using a pseudoisochromatic plate.

[The effect of the flap thickness on forward shift of posterior corneal surface in excimer laser surgery correcting high myopia].

Objective: To investigate the influence of flap thickness of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and subepithelial keratomileusis on the forward shift of the posterior corneal surface in high myopia

Methods: It was a case-control study. In this study, 151 right high myopic eyes of patients [spherical equivalent range - 6.00 to - 10.

[A study on the expression of opsins in form-deprived myopia retina of guinea pig].

Objective: To investigate the expression of cone opsins in form-deprived myopia (FDM) of guinea pig.

Methods: Twenty-eight pigmented guinea pigs aged one-week were randomly divided into two groups: FDM group (n = 14) and control group (n = 14). White translucent vinyl diffuse attached to one randomly selected eye was used to deprive eyes of form-vision in FDM group.

[Stromal cells change after epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis and laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy in rabbits].

Objective: To compare the effects of epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis (Epi-LASIK) and laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) on the corneal stromal cells, and to evaluate their effects on corneal haze histopathologically.

Methods: Forty-eight New Zealand white rabbits (96 eyes) were randomly treated with Epi-LASIK in one eye and LASEK in the other, and 2 rabbits (4 eyes) without any treatment were used as control. Cornea stromal cell apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxynuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay.

[Effects of short-term VDT usage on visual functions].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of short-term VDT usage on visual functions.

Methods: Visual function of the video display terminal (VDT) operators before and after 1 hour VDT usage were assessed. These included refraction, amplitude of accommodation, near point of convergence, AC/A, phorias, fusional convergence and divergence, tear film break time (BUT) and aberrations.

[Recovery of corneal sensitivity after laser in situ keratomileusis and laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy].

Objective: To compare the recovery of corneal sensitivity after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK).

Methods: Central corneal sensitivity (CCS) was measured with a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer in 59 patients before and 2 weeks, 1, 3 and 6 months after myopic correction by LASIK or LASEK. Among them, 50 patients were treated with LASEK and 9 patients were treated with LASIK.

[Take high of the study of VDT related eye symptoms].

The characteristics of visual display terminal (VDT) and related eye symptoms were analyzed. Research of the effect of VDT on visual function, visual development and characteristics of ocular surface was presented. Currently research still stays in the initial stage.

[Fully apply the optometry knowledge to improve the visual quality of Chinese people].

With the rapid development of modern ophthalmology and optometry, people put in higher claim for visual quality. However, the application and penetration of the optometry knowledge and research achievement in every domain of ophthalmology are bound to affect the elevation of visual quality, which is one of the highlights our future work.

[Clinical investigation of epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis on high myopia].

Objective: To investigate the surgical characteristics and clinical results of Epi-LASIK on high myopia.

Methods: Epi-LASIK was performed with a rotational epikeratome, which features a blunt oscillating blade. Corneal epithelial separation was achieved mechanically without the use of alcohol.