Research on Rapid Detection Methods of Tea Pigments Content During Rolling of Black Tea Based on Machine Vision Technology.

As a crucial stage in the processing of black tea, rolling plays a significant role in both the color transformation and the quality development of the tea. In this process, the production of theaflavins, thearubigins, and theabrownins is a primary factor contributing to the alteration in color of rolled leaves. Herein, tea pigments are selected as the key quality indicators during rolling of black tea, aiming to establish rapid detection methods for them.

Vitamin D may alleviate irritable bowel syndrome by modulating serotonin synthesis: a hypothesis based on recent literature.

A number of studies found that serotonin plays a vital role in the development of depression and irritable bowel syndrome. Recent studies showed that vitamin D was associated with regulating the synthesis of serotonin. This review focuses on the recent progress in the relationship between vitamin D and serotonin synthesis.

Comprehensive investigation on flavonoids metabolites of Longjing tea in different cultivars, geographical origins, and storage time.

In this study, four kinds of Longjing tea, the famous flat green tea and the protected geographical indication product in China, were used to explore the quality difference of the same green tea due to the cultivar, geographic origin, and storage time under the premise of consistent picking conditions and processing technology using the widely targeted metabolomics. Results showed that 483 flavonoid metabolites with 10 subgroups of flavonoids were screened and 118 differential flavonoid metabolites were identified. The number and subgroups of differential flavonoid metabolites produced by different cultivars of Longjing tea were the largest, followed by storage time, and third by the geographic origin.

Role of in vitamin D in irritable bowel syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting 10%-22% of adults. Its development is closely related to the gut microbiota, and the inflammatory and immune responses triggered by the gut microbiota can lead to IBS. Vitamin D (VD) effectively treats IBS with fewer side effects by improving gut microbiota, immune regulation, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Different nutrient compositions in diet and taking hypoglycemic drugs can modulate gut microbial flora.

The diet structure of diabetic patients is different from that of normal people. Diabetic patients also need to take hypoglycemic drugs to regulate blood sugar. Both dieting and drugs affect the gut microbiota of diabetic patients.

Effects of β-Cyclodextrin and Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Inclusions on the Degradation of Magnolol by Intestinal Bacteria.

Cyclodextrin (CD) inclusions are generally used to increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs. In this study, magnolol (MAG) was used as a model drug for exploring the effects of CD on the degradation of pharmaceutical drugs by intestinal microflora. MAG/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and MAG/hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HP-β-CD) inclusion complexes were successfully prepared by the saturated aqueous solution and freeze-drying methods, respectively.

Farnesoid X Receptor Agonist GW4064 Inhibits Aromatase and ERβ Expression in Human Endometriotic Stromal Cells.

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activation has been shown to inhibit estrogen signaling in breast cancer and testicular tumors. However, the role of FXR in endometriosis is still poorly understood.

Advancing the analysis of terbutaline in urine samples using novel enzyme hydrolysis.

To investigate the efficiency of two new fast-acting enzymes, recombinant arylsulfatase (IMCS-PSF) and mutant β-glucuronidase from (IMCSzyme), in hydrolyzing specific terbutaline metabolites. Two purified novel enzymes are used to precisely determine the amount of each metabolite in urine at different time points after oral administration. After systematically evaluating the hydrolysis efficiency of the novel enzymes compared with commercially available enzymes, these recently developed enzymes were applied to establish the separate urine concentration profiles of terbutaline and each metabolite.

Optimization of tea-leaf saponins water extraction and relationships between their contents and tea () tree varieties.

Resulting from the year-on-year increase in tea plantations and the saturated consumption of tea leaves, the relative overcapacity in China's tea-leaf production appears. Discovering the new utilization of tea leaves is helpful to alleviate this phenomenon. The feasibility of extracting saponins from aged tea leaves was investigated and confirmed; three major variables in water extraction were optimized by Box-Behnken designs.

Development of a Rapid and Simple Method for Preparing Tea-Leaf Saponins and Investigation on Their Surface Tension Differences Compared with Tea-Seed Saponins.

The relative overcapacity in China's tea-leaf production and the potential application of tea-leaf saponins in soil remediation encouraged in-depth developments and comprehensive utilizations of tea-leaf resources. Through variables optimizations using Box⁻Behnken designs for ultrasonic power, temperature as well as ultrasonic treatment time in ultrasonic-assisted water extraction and single-variable experiments for acetone-extraction solution ratio in acetone precipitation, a rapid and simple method was developed for preparing tea-leaf saponins. Tea-leaf saponins with the concentration of 3.

Tea saponins: effective natural surfactants beneficial for soil remediation, from preparation to application.

Tea saponins, found in plants, are natural non-ionic surfactants that offer obvious beneficial effects in soil remediation. Most tea saponins are extracted from the seed meal, with the leaves and flowers of as potential sources. Water extraction and ultrasound-assisted water extraction combined with acetone precipitation are recommended for the industrial extraction and purification of tea saponins, considering multiple factors.

Optimal ranges of variables for an effective adsorption of lead(II) by the agricultural waste pomelo (Citrus grandis) peels using Doehlert designs.

The capacity of pomelo peels' adsorption on lead(II) from aqueous solutions without modifications was investigated and confirmed. Four variables in this study, pH, temperature, time and initial concentration of lead(II), significantly affected the adsorption rate of pomelo peels. The prediction model and optimal ranges of optimized variables were given by Doehlert designs, which made the selection of variables rapid, flexible and effortless to obtain an adsorption rate reaching 99.

Application of Box-Behnken designs in parameters optimization of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry for lead(II) determination in two electrolytes.

Box-Behnken design was advantageous to parameters optimization of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) for the analysis of lead(II) with its high efficiency and accuracy. Five Box-Behnken designs were designed and conducted in the electrolyte of 0.1 mol/L acetate buffer and 0.

Functionalization of mixed ligand metal-organic frameworks as the transport vehicles for drugs.

We reported the design and synthesis of mixed ligands Cu-metal organic frameworks (MOFs), MOFs-2 and MOFs-3, and their application as the transport vehicles for the delivery of Ibuprofen (IBU) and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). The unique MOFs with mixed ligands, 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate (BTC) and isophthalic acid (IPA), were easily prepared by hydro-thermal method, and their structures were well characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM imaging analysis. Single ligand MOFs with BTC or IPA only were also prepared and characterized as the control group.

IGF-I stimulates ERβ and aromatase expression via IGF1R/PI3K/AKT-mediated transcriptional activation in endometriosis.

Unlabelled: Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ, encoded by ESR2 gene) and cytochrome P450 aromatase (encoded by CYP19A1 gene) play critical roles in endometriosis, and the levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the peritoneal fluid are significantly higher in patients with endometriosis compared with those in normal women. However, the effects and mechanisms of IGF-I on ERβ and aromatase expression remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs) and endometrial cells (EMs) derived from ovarian endometriomas and eutopic endometrial tissues.

Retinoic acid aliphatic amide inhibits the AMPK-HIF-1α pathway in human ovarian cancer.

Ovarian carcinoma the commonly observed gynecological cancers has a high mortality rate. In the present study effect of retinoic acid aliphatic amide (RACA) in ovarian cancer cells was investigated using proliferation, migration and invasion assays. Western blot was used to examine the Bcl-2, cleaved caspase 3, p-ERK, MMP-2, p-FAK, P-P38, p-AMPKα and HIF-1α protein expression.

[Research progress and application prospect of near-infrared spectroscopy in analysis of food amino acid].

To investigate the progress and application of near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) used to detect amino acids in the growth of crops and food processing process. With online searching databases including ISI (Web of Knowledge), CNKI (China Knowledge Network), summarize the detection of chemical value using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and chemometric methods involved in the application of NIR used to analyze amino acids in food, meanwhile summarize the data, materials and main topics in relevant original literature. Overview the methods of chemical value detection using HPLC and chemometric analysis, their applications in detecting the quality of crops, determining the content of water, amino acids and polyphenol in green tea, detecting the quality of feed and determining the content of amino acids in cheese, ham and meat products, We forecasted the application of NIR in determining the content of amino acids in food and analyzed its merits and drawbacks.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus induces rapid release of angiopoietin-2 from endothelial cells.

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) stimulates proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation to promote Kaposi sarcoma (KS) tumor growth, which involves various growth factors and cytokines. Previously, we found that KSHV infection of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induces a transcriptional induction of the proangiogenic and proinflammatory cytokine angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2). Here, we report that KSHV induces rapid release of Ang-2 that is presynthesized and stored in the Weibel-Palade bodies (WPB) of endothelial cells upon binding to its integrin receptors.

[Cesarean scar pregnancy: an analysis of 100 cases].

Objective: To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).

Methods: The clinical data of 100 CSP patients during the period of January 2003 to March 2011 were collected for a retrospective analysis.

Results: Among 100 cases of CSP, there were cases of asymptomatic (45%, n = 45), vaginal hemorrhage (55%, n = 55) and lower abdominal pain (7%, n = 7); among first diagnosed (n = 81), the cases were diagnosed (n = 75) or misdiagnosed (n = 6); among 19 hospital referrals, 18 were confirmed and 1 case was misdiagnosed as choriocarcinoma.

[Concentrations and acidity contributions of acetate and formate in precipitation at 14 stations of China].

To investigate the concentrations of organic acids in precipitation in China and their contributions to the total acidity of precipitation, samples were taken at 14 stations of regional representativeness in 2007 and analyzed for acetate and formate using ion chromatography. In this paper, data of acetate and formate in precipitation at 14 stations are presented, wet depositions of these organic acids are calculated, and contributions of them to the total free acidity (TFA) of precipitation are estimated. Based on the measurements, the mean concentrations of formate at different stations were in the range of 0.