Effects of appropriate low-temperature treatment on the yield and quality of pigmented potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers.

Temperature is one of the important environmental factors affecting plant growth, yield and quality. Moreover, appropriately low temperature is also beneficial for tuber coloration. The red potato variety Jianchuanhong, whose tuber color is susceptible to temperature, and the purple potato variety Huaxinyangyu, whose tuber color is stable, were used as experimental materials and subjected to 20 °C (control check), 15 °C and 10 °C treatments during the whole growth period.

Screening and functional analysis of StMYB transcription factors in pigmented potato under low-temperature treatment.

MYB transcription factors play an extremely important regulatory role in plant responses to stress and anthocyanin synthesis. Cloning of potato StMYB-related genes can provide a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of pigmented potatoes. In this study, two MYB transcription factors, StMYB113 and StMYB308, possibly related to anthocyanin synthesis, were screened under low-temperature conditions based on the low-temperature-responsive potato StMYB genes family analysis obtained by transcriptome sequencing.

Photon blockade with a trapped Λ-type three-level atom in asymmetrical cavity.

We propose a scheme to manipulate strong and nonreciprocal photon blockades in asymmetrical Fabry-Perot cavity with a Λ-type three-level atom. Utilizing the mechanisms of both conventional and unconventional blockade, the strong photon blockade is achieved by the anharmonic eigenenergy spectrum brought by Λ-type atom and the destructive quantum interference effect induced by a microwave field. By optimizing the system parameters, the manipulation of strong photon blockade over a wide range of cavity detuning can be realized.

Plasma exosomal hsa_circ_0079439 as a novel biomarker for early detection of gastric cancer.

Background: Due to the poor prognosis of gastric cancer (GC), early detection methods are urgently needed. Plasma exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been suggested as novel biomarkers for GC.

Aim: To identify a novel biomarker for early detection of GC.

inhibits differentiation of porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells through MAPK and PI3K signaling regulation.

As a transcription factor of the Pit-Oct-Unc (POU) domain family, octamer-binding transcription factor 6 ( ) participates in various aspects of stem cell development and differentiation. At present, however, its role in porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) remains unclear. Here, we explored the function of in piPSCs.

Curcumin protects BEAS‑2B cells from PM‑induced oxidative stress and inflammation by activating NRF2/antioxidant response element pathways.

Fine particulate matter (PM) with an average aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 µm can cause severe lung injury. Oxidative stress and inflammation are considered the main outcomes of PM exposure.

Effects of Different Component Contents of Colistin Methanesulfonate on the Pharmacokinetics of Prodrug and Formed Colistin in Human.

Purposes: To evaluate the effects of component contents in different colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) formulas on their clinical pharmacokinetics of the prodrug CMS and the formed colistin.

Methods: Two CMS formulas (CTTQ and Parkedale) were investigated in a single dose, randomized, open-label, crossover study conducted in 18 healthy Chinese subjects. Both CMS formulas met the requirements of European Pharmacopoeia 9.

Pharmacokinetics of colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) in healthy Chinese subjects after single and multiple intravenous doses.

The high prevalence of extensively drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens has forced clinicians to use colistin as a last-line therapy. Knowledge on the pharmacokinetics of colistin methanesulfonate (CMS), an inactive prodrug, and colistin has increased substantially; however, the pharmacokinetics in the Chinese population is still unknown due to lack of a CMS product in China. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of a new CMS product developed in China in order to optimise dosing regimens.

Development and validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS assay for colistin methanesulphonate (CMS) and colistin in human plasma and urine using weak-cation exchange solid-phase extraction.

A rapid ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) assay method was developed for determination of CMS and formed colistin in human plasma and urine. After extraction on a 96-well SPE Supra-Clean Weak Cation Exchange (WCX) plate, the eluents were mixed and injected into the UHPLC-MS/MS system directly. A Phonomenex Kinetex XB-C18 analytical column was employed with a mobile phase consisting of solution "A" (acetonitrile:methanol, 1:1, v/v) and solution "B" (0.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple-dose intravenous nemonoxacin in healthy Chinese volunteers.

This study evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles of nemonoxacin in healthy Chinese volunteers following multiple-dose intravenous infusion once daily for 10 consecutive days. The study was composed of two stages. In the open-label stage, 500 mg or 750 mg of nemonoxacin (n = 12 each) was administered at an infusion rate of 5.

In vitro simulation of in vivo pharmacokinetic model with intravenous administration via flow rate modulation.

The aim of this paper was to propose a method of flow rate modulation for simulation of in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) model with intravenous injection based on a basic in vitro PK model. According to the rule of same relative change rate of concentration per unit time in vivo and in vitro, the equations for flow rate modulation were derived using equation method. Four examples from literature were given to show the application of flow rate modulation in the simulation of PK model of antimicrobial agents in vitro.

Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous nemonoxacin in healthy chinese volunteers.

Nemonoxacin (TG-873870) is a novel nonfluorinated quinolone with potent broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and atypical pathogens, including vancomycin-nonsusceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), quinolone-resistant MRSA, quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae, and erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae.

LC-MS/MS determination of colistin in Mueller-Hinton broth for in vitro pharmacodynamic studies.

A rapid and simple method was developed and validated for the determination of colistin A and B in Mueller-Hinton broth using LC-tandem MS. Both analyte and internal standard (IS) (polymyxin B1) were determined using ESI. The MS data were obtained via the selected reaction monitoring in positive-ion mode.

Genotoxicity and reduced heat shock protein 70 in human airway smooth muscle cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract.

Cigarette smoke is associated with the development of several diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this study was to investigate genotoxicity and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) in human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). HASMCs was exposed to CSE with different doses for 24 h.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nemonoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae in an in vitro infection model.

The aim of this paper was to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of nemonoxacin, a novel nonfluorinated quinolone, against Streptococcus pneumoniae in vitro. A modified infection model was used to simulate the pharmacokinetics of nemonoxacin following scaling of single oral doses and multiple oral dosing. Four S.

[Analysis of allelic drop-out at short tandem repeat loci].

Objective: To explore the cause for allelic drop-out at short tandem repeat (STR) loci upon paternity testing with a PowerPlex® 16 kit.

Methods: A total of 10 642 DNA confirmed paternity testing cases (18 314 parent/child allelic transfers) were analyzed with the PowerPlex® 16 kit. Samples suspected for having allelic drop-out were verified with an Identifiler™ kit and/or locus-specific singleplex amplification systems.

[Repeated morphine pretreatment reduces glutamatergic synaptic potentiation in the nucleus accumbens induced by acute morphine exposure].

Repeated exposure to morphine leads to the addiction, which influences its clinical application seriously. The glutamatergic projection from prefrontal cortex (PFC) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an important role in rewarding effects. It is still unknown whether morphine exposure changes PFC-NAc synaptic transmission.

Establishment of norvancomycin fluorescence polarization immunoassay for therapeutic drug monitoring.

To establish a rapid and simple fluorescence polarization immunoassay method for determination of norvancomycin serum concentration, we collected 300 serum samples from the patients receiving norvancomycin in the hospitals localized in Shanghai, China. The drug concentrations were measured by the established HPLC method and FPIA with vancomycin kit. A FPIA algorithm for the determination of norvancomycin concentration was established according to the correlation between the FPIA and HPLC results.

[Genetic polymorphisms of Investigator Argus X-12 amplification system in Guangdong Han population].

Objective: To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 12 X chromosome short tandem repeat (X-STR) loci of Investigator Argus X-12 amplification kit in Guangdong Han population.

Methods: DNA samples from 200 unrelated individuals (100 males and 100 females) and 103 families (59 father-mother-daughter trios and 44 mother-son duos) were extracted and amplified with fluorescence labeled multiplex PCR system. PCR products were separated and genotyped with capillary array electrophoresis.

Malignant transformation of 293 cells induced by ectopic expression of human Nanog.

Tumor development has long been known to resemble abnormal embryogenesis. The ESC self-renewal gene NANOG is purportedly expressed in some epithelial cancer cells and solid tumors, but a casual role in tumor development has remained unclear. In order to more comprehensively elucidate the relationship between human Nanog and tumorigenesis, the hNanog was ectopically expressed in the 293 cell line to investigate its potential for malignant transformation of cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Permeability and concentration of levofloxacin in epithelial lining fluid in patients with lower respiratory tract infections.

The purpose of the study was to assess the bactericidal effects of a single oral dose of levofloxacin (LVFX) by examining the concentration of LVFX in alveolar epithelial lining fluid (ELF) from patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Forty patients with LRTI took 500 mg of LVFX and then received a fiberoptic bronchoscopic procedure randomly 1, 4, 8, 12, or 24 hours following dosing. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood were collected at the time of the bronchopulmonary procedure, and the LVFX concentration was determined.

[A successive three-step 'Gap-repair' method to generate the mWAP-hLF hybrid gene locus].

To generate a mWAP-hLF hybrid locus that the transcription of human lactoferrin (hLF) genomic sequence is directed by the up & down stream regulatory sequence of murine whey acidic protein (mWAP) gene locus, we describe here a successive three-step 'Gap-repair' method. First, a gap-repair vector based on pBR322 vector backbone by inserting six joint homologous arms was constructed. Then using 'Gap-repair 'method mediated by Red recombination system of lambda-prophage in Escherichia coli, in the first step, the 8 kb 3' flanking region of the mWAP gene was subcloned from the Bacterial artificial chromosome which harbors the mWAP gene locus(mWAP BAC) into the gap-repair vector; in the second step, the 29 kb hLF genomic sequence from the ATG code to the TAA code was subcloned from the hLF BAC; in the third step, the 12 kb 5' flanking region of the mWAP gene was subcloned from the mWAP BAC.