MicroRNA-584-5p/RUNX family transcription factor 2 axis mediates hypoxia-induced osteogenic differentiation of periosteal stem cells.

Background: The hypoxic environment during bone healing is important in regulating the differentiation of periosteal stem cells (PSCs) into osteoblasts or chondrocytes; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Aim: To determine the effect of hypoxia on PSCs, and the expression of microRNA-584-5p (miR-584-5p) and RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in PSCs was modulated to explore the impact of the miR-584-5p/RUNX2 axis on hypoxia-induced osteogenic differentiation of PSCs.

Methods: In this study, we isolated primary mouse PSCs and stimulated them with hypoxia, and the characteristics and functional genes related to PSC osteogenic differentiation were assessed.

Deep convolutional neural network based on CT images of pulmonary nodules in the lungs of adolescent and young adult patients with osteosarcoma.

The aim of the present study was to explore the diagnostic value of a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model for the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules in adolescent and young adult patients with osteosarcoma. For the present study, 675 chest CT images were retrospectively collected from 109 patients with clinically confirmed osteosarcoma who underwent chest CT examination at Hangzhou Third People's Hospital (Hangzhou, China) from March 2011 to February 2022. CT images were then evaluated using the DCNN and manual models.

A novel hybrid scan approach enabling the ion-mobility separation and the alternate data-dependent and data-independent acquisitions (HDDIDDA): Its combination with off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography for comprehensively characterizing the multicomponents from Compound Danshen Dripping Pill.

Data-dependent acquisition (DDA) and data-independent acquisition (DIA)-based MS strategies are extensively applied in metabolites characterization. DDA gives accurate MS information, but receives low coverage, while DIA covers the entire mass range, but the precursor-product ions matching often yields false positives. Currently available MS scan approaches rarely integrate DIA and DDA within a duty circle.

A novel neutral loss/product ion scan-incorporated integral approach for the untargeted characterization and comparison of the carboxyl-free ginsenosides from Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolius, and Panax notoginseng.

Differentiated composition in precursor ions for different subclasses of ginsenosides in the negative electrospray-ionization mode has been reported, which lays a foundation for the sorted and untargeted identification of ginsenosides. Carboxyl-free ginsenosides simultaneously from Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolius, and P.

Three novel indole alkaloids from Kopsia officinalis.

Three new indole alkaloids, named kopsioffines A-C (1-3), possessing relatively novel ten-membered lactam ring, and one known compound (11,12-demethoxy-16-deoxypauciflorine, 4) were isolated from the leaves and stems of Kopsia officinalis. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by calculated electronic circular dichroism data.

Malonylginsenosides with Potential Antidiabetic Activities from the Flower Buds of Panax ginseng.

LC-MS-guided phytochemical isolation of malonylginsenosides, featuring neutral elimination of CO and CHO by the negative mode collision-induced dissociation, from the flower buds of Panax ginseng led to the isolation of 19 malonyl-substituted triterpenoid saponins. They include 15 new malonylginsenosides, malonylfloralginsenosides-Re-Re (1-3), -Rb and -Rb (4, 5), -Rd-Rd (6-11), and -Rc-Rc (12-15), and the known m-Rb, m-Rc, m-Rb, and m-Rd (16-19). Compound 11 represents the first dimalonyl saponin isolated from the Panax genus, while 2-4, 9, and 10 are five ginsenosides with single malonylation at the C-20 sugar chain.

An in-source multiple collision-neutral loss filtering based nontargeted metabolomics approach for the comprehensive analysis of malonyl-ginsenosides from Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolius, and P. notoginseng.

The simultaneous identification and quantification of target metabolites from herbal medicines are difficult to implement by the full-scan MS based nontargeted metabolomics approaches. Here an in-source multiple collision-neutral loss filtering (IMC-NLF) based nontargeted metabolomics approach is developed and applied to identify and quantify the variations of malonyl-ginsenosides, a common group of acyl saponins with potential anti-diabetic activity, among Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolius, and P.

A Strategy Combining Higher Energy C-Trap Dissociation with Neutral Loss- and Product Ion-Based MS Acquisition for Global Profiling and Structure Annotation of Fatty Acids Conjugates.

Fatty acids conjugates (FACs) are ubiquitous but found in trace amounts in the natural world. They are composed of multiple unknown substructures and side chains. Thus, FACs are difficult to be analyzed by traditional mass spectrometric methods.

New monoterpenoid oxindole alkaloid derivatives from the stems of Uncaria hirsuta Havil. and their cytotoxicity and tandem mass spectrometric fragmentation.

Four new alkaloids, comprising three 3-oxo-3,7-seco-oxindole alkaloids (hirsutanine D-F, 1-3) and one oxindole alkaloid N-oxide (uncarine B N-oxide, 4), together with four known heteroyohimbine-type oxindole alkaloids, were isolated from the stems of Uncaria hirsuta Havil. Structures of 1-4 were elucidated by extensive NMR and HR-ESIMS data analyses. Compound 3 is the first 3-oxo-3,7-seco-oxindole alkaloid with ring B opened and degraded isolated from the Uncaria genus.

Nontargeted metabolomic analysis and "commercial-homophyletic" comparison-induced biomarkers verification for the systematic chemical differentiation of five different parts of Panax ginseng.

A key segment in authentication of herbal medicines is the establishment of robust biomarkers that embody the intrinsic metabolites difference independent of the growing environment or processing technics. We present a strategy by nontargeted metabolomics and "Commercial-homophyletic" comparison-induced biomarkers verification with new bioinformatic vehicles, to improve the efficiency and reliability in authentication of herbal medicines. The chemical differentiation of five different parts (root, leaf, flower bud, berry, and seed) of Panax ginseng was illustrated as a case study.

Venenum Bufonis induces rat neuroinflammation by activiating NF-κB pathway and attenuation of BDNF.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Venenum Bufonis (VB), also called toad venom, has been widely used in clinic as a cardiotonic, anohyne and antineoplastic agents both in China and other Asian countries. However, its neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity limit its wide clinical application. Compared with extensive attention attracted with cardiotoxicity, the toxic effect of VB on Central Nervous System (CNS) is much less studied.

TXNIP/TRX/NF-κB and MAPK/NF-κB pathways involved in the cardiotoxicity induced by Venenum Bufonis in rats.

Venenum Bufonis (VB) is a widely used traditional medicine with serious cardiotoxic effects. The inflammatory response has been studied to clarify the mechanism of the cardiotoxicity induced by VB for the first time. In the present study, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, were administered VB (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) intragastrically, experienced disturbed ECGs (lowered heart rate and elevated ST-segment), increased levels of serum indicators (creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)) and serum interleukin (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) at 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 48 h, which reflected that an inflammatory response, together with cardiotoxicity, were involved in VB-treated rats.

A green protocol for efficient discovery of novel natural compounds: characterization of new ginsenosides from the stems and leaves of Panax ginseng as a case study.

Exploration of new natural compounds is of vital significance for drug discovery and development. The conventional approaches by systematic phytochemical isolation are low-efficiency and consume masses of organic solvent. This study presents an integrated strategy that combines offline comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography, hybrid linear ion-trap/Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and NMR analysis (2D LC/LTQ-Orbitrap-MS/NMR), aimed to establish a green protocol for the efficient discovery of new natural molecules.

Comparison of distraction osteogenesis versus costochondral graft in reconstruction of temporomandibular joint condylectomy with disc preservation.

Purpose: This study compared transport distraction with costochondral graft in the reconstruction of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with disc preservation.

Materials And Methods: Bilateral condylectomies with disc preservation were conducted in 12 adult goats. Transport distraction of the mandibular ramus was performed on 1 side and costochondral graft on the other side.

Efficacy of functional training of the facial muscles for treatment of incomplete peripheral facial nerve injury.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of functional training of facial mimic muscles for patients with incomplete peripheral facial nerve injury.

Methods: Ninety-two patients with 241 injured branches of incomplete peripheral facial nerve injury were divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group consisted of 58 cases that received functional training of facial mimic muscles.

Transport distraction versus costochondral graft for reconstruction of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: which is better?

Objective: This study compared the methods of transport distraction and costochondral graft in reconstruction of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis.

Study Design: Bilateral bony TMJ ankylosis was induced in 12 adult goats. Transport distraction of the mandibular ramus was performed on one side, whereas costochondral graft was performed on the other side.

[Clinical analysis of 182 cases with facial nerve injury].

Objective: To investigate the recovery patterns and the influencing factors of facial nerve injury in maxillofacial surgery by retrospective analysis of a serial clinical data.

Methods: A total of 182 patients with facial nerve injury were reviewed. The cause of injury, the initial facial nerve function after trauma, the treatment, the initial recovery time of facial nerve function and the total recovery time were recorded.

beta-catenin expression pattern in primary oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Beta-catenin, a 92 kDa protein that binds to the cytoplasmic tail of E-cadherin, has an essential role in intercellular adhesion and signal transduction. Aberrant expression of beta-catenin has been associated with progression and metastasis of various human cancers. The aim of this study was to elucidate the expression pattern of beta-catenin in primary oral squamous cell carcinoma and examine the correlation between beta-catenin expression and tumor differentiation, histological grade and lymph node status as well as its clinical significances.

Surgical induction of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: an animal model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop an animal model of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bony ankylosis for future evaluation of surgical reconstructive methods.

Materials And Methods: An animal model was selected on the basis of 2 sequential experiments. Four goats and 4 minipigs were used in the first experiment, in which 1 goat and 1 minipig served as control animals.