The association between FLAIR vascular hyperintensities and outcomes in patients with border zone infarcts treated with medical therapy may vary with the infarct subtype.

Rationale And Objectives: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vessel hyperintensities (FVHs) reflect the haemodynamic state and may aid in predicting the prognosis of border zone (BZ) infarct patients. This study was to explore the relationship between FVHs and functional outcomes for different BZ infarct subtypes following medical therapy administration.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients with ischemic stroke were retrospectively enrolled and classified into internal BZ (IBZ) infarct, cortical BZ (CBZ) infarct and mixed-type infarct patients.

[Muscarinic receptors modulate the mRNA expression of NMDA receptors in brainstem and the release of glutamate in periaqueductal grey during morphine withdrawal in rats].

The antisense approach and RT-PCR were used to study the effects of muscarinic receptors on the scores of morphine-withdrawal syndrome and the expression of NMDA receptor subtypes (NR(1A) and NR(2A)) mRNA in rat spinal cord and brainstem. The concentrations of glutamate in periaqueductal grey (PAG) of morphine-withdrawal rats were determined by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. The data showed that the NR(1A) and NR(2A) mRNA levels were increased significantly in the spinal cord and brainstem 1 h after the injection of naloxone (4 mg/kg, i.

[mRNA expression of muscarinic receptors in spinal cord and brainstem in morphine dependent rats].

Aim: To observe mRNA expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in spinal cord and brainstem in morphine dependent or withdrawal rats.

Methods: The mRNA expression level of m1, m2, m3, m4 and m5 were determined by RT-PCR, the beta-actin mRNA expression was used as internal control.

Results: The mRNA level of m1, m2, m3, m4 and m5 in spinal cord and m1 and m2 in brainstem were increased significantly during morphine dependence, and the levels of m1, m2, m3 and m4 in spinal cord and m1 in brainstem were decreased 1 h after the injection of naloxone (4 mg.