Synergistic Doping Strategy with Novel Multi-Carbonyl Conductive Polymer Enables Stable Self-Powered Perovskite Photodetectors.

Lead halide perovskites hold immense promise for optoelectronic applications but still suffer from instability caused by defects. The defects are mainly generated from the film fabrication processes and halide ion migration during long-term storage. Here, a synergistic doping strategy is proposed to enhance the stability of perovskites.

Activating and Stabilizing Lattice Oxygen via Self-Adaptive Zn-NiOOH Sub-Nanowires for Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Efficient and durable catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction are essential for realizing the large-scale application of water electrolysis technologies. Here, we report a novel Zn-doped NiOOH subnanowires (Zn-NiOOH SNWs) catalyst synthesized via the electrochemical reconstruction of Zn-NiMoO SNWs. The inclusion of Zn triggers a transition in the oxygen evolution reaction mechanism of NiOOH from the adsorbate evolution mechanism to the lattice oxygen mechanism, resulted from Zn's adaptive adjustment of coordination types, which also improves the reaction energetics, thereby enhancing the stability and activity.

3'-Daidzein Sulfonate Sodium Protects against Glutamate-induced Neuronal Injuries by Regulating NMDA Receptors.

Background: It was previously found that 3'-Daidzein Sulfonate Sodium (DSS) exhibits protective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI).

Aim: This study aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective effects of DSS against ischemic stroke.

Methods: In this study, rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) were used as an in vivo model, whereas PC12 cells treated with glutamate alone and rat primary cortical neurons treated with the combination of glutamate and glycine were used as in vitro models.

Mössbauer Spectroscopic Tracking the Metastable State of Atomically Dispersed Tin in Copper Oxide for Selective CO Electroreduction.

Metastable state is the most active catalyst state that dictates the overall catalytic performance and rules of catalytic behaviors; however, identification and stabilization of the metastable state of catalyst are still highly challenging due to the continuous evolution of catalytic sites during the reaction process. In this work, Sn Mössbauer measurements and theoretical simulations were performed to track and identify the metastable state of single-atom Sn in copper oxide (Sn-CuO) for highly selective CO electroreduction to CO. A maximum CO Faradaic efficiency of around 98% at -0.

Heterogeneous Iridium Single-Atom Molecular-like Catalysis for Epoxidation of Ethylene.

Developing efficient and simple catalysts to reveal the key scientific issues in the epoxidation of ethylene has been a long-standing goal for chemists, whereas a heterogenized molecular-like catalyst is desirable which combines the best aspects of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Single-atom catalysts can effectively mimic molecular catalysts on account of their well-defined atomic structures and coordination environments. Herein, we report a strategy for selective epoxidation of ethylene, which exploits a heterogeneous catalyst comprising iridium single atoms to interact with the reactant molecules that act analogously to ligands, resulting in molecular-like catalysis.

Evaluation of rice straw and its transformation products on norfloxacin degradation and antibiotic resistome attenuation during soil incorporation.

Straw incorporation into reclaimed soils has been demonstrated to increase soil nutrients and has the potential to efficiently increase crop production. However, which incorporation mode is more helpful in the control of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remains unknown. In this study, we systematically compared the occurrence of antibiotic resistome in norfloxacin contaminated soils amended with rice straw (RS) and the transformation products, biochar (RSB) and ash (RSA).

Interfacial water engineering boosts neutral water reduction.

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in neutral media is of great practical importance for sustainable hydrogen production, but generally suffers from low activities, the cause of which has been a puzzle yet to be solved. Herein, by investigating the synergy between Ru single atoms (RuNC) and RuSe cluster compounds (RuSe) for HER using ab initio molecular dynamics, operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and operando surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy, we establish that the interfacial water governs neutral HER. The rigid interfacial water layer in neutral media would inhibit the transport of HO*/OH* at the electrode/electrolyte interface of RuNC, but the RuSe can promote HO*/OH* transport to increase the number of available HO* on RuNC by disordering the interfacial water network.

[Identification of pathogenic variant in a Chinese pedigree affected with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate (NSCLP).

Methods: With informed consent obtained, members of the pedigree were subjected to clinical examination and history taking to exclude syndromic cleft lip and palate. One affected member was subjected to whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

Rapid Laser Reactive Sintering for Sustainable and Clean Preparation of Protonic Ceramics.

One of the essential challenges for energy conversion and storage devices based on protonic ceramics is that the high temperature (1600-1700 °C) and long-time firing (>10 h) are inevitably required for the fabrication, which makes the sustainable and clean manufacturing of protonic ceramic devices impractical. This study provided a new rapid laser reactive sintering (RLRS) method for the preparation of nine protonic ceramics [i.e.

A Novel Laser 3D Printing Method for the Advanced Manufacturing of Protonic Ceramics.

Protonic ceramics (PCs) with high proton conductivity at intermediate temperatures (300-600 °C) have attracted many applications in energy conversion and storage devices such as PC fuel/electrolysis cells, PC membrane reactors, hydrogen pump, hydrogen or water-permeable membranes, and gas sensors. One of the essential steps for fulfilling the practical utilization of these intermediate-temperature PC energy devices is the successful development of advanced manufacturing methods for cost-effectively and rapidly fabricating them with high energy density and efficiency in a customized demand. In this work, we developed a new laser 3D printing (L3DP) technique by integrating digital microextrusion-based 3D printing and precise and rapid laser processing (sintering, drying, cutting, and polishing), which showed the capability of manufacturing PCs with desired complex geometries, crystal structures, and microstructures.

Factors associated with health-related quality of life among family caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease.

Aim: Based on the ageing population and the inadequate healthcare system in China, the majority of care for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is provided by family caregivers. Caregivers suffer a long-term heavy care burden and pressure, which affects their physical and mental health. The present study aims at investigating health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among family caregivers of AD patients and exploring its influencing factors.

[Hereditary spherocytosis due to a novel c.5798+1G>A variant of the SPTB gene].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis of a pedigree affected with hereditary spherocytosis.

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 17 members of the pedigree. Genomic DNA of the proband was subjected to next generation sequencing.

Pseudodominant inheritance of autosomal recessive congenital stationary night blindness in one family with three co-segregating deleterious GRM6 variants identified by next-generation sequencing.

Background: The congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) affects the patients' dim light vision or dark adaption by impairing the normal function of retina. It is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder and can be inherited in an X-linked, autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive pattern. Several genetic alterations to the genes involved in visual signal transduction of photoreceptors and/or bipolar cells underlie its pathogenesis.

A 3.06-Mb interstitial deletion on 12p11.22-12.1 caused brachydactyly type E combined with pectus carinatum.

Background: Brachydactyly, a developmental disorder, refers to shortening of hands/feet due to small or missing metacarpals/metatarsals and/or phalanges. Isolated brachydactyly type E (BDE), characterized by shortened metacarpals and/or metatarsals, consists in a small proportion of patients with Homeobox D13 (HOXD13) or parathyroid-hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) mutations. BDE is often accompanied by other anomalies that are parts of many congenital syndromes.

Selective photoelectrochemical oxidation of glycerol to high value-added dihydroxyacetone.

It is highly profitable to transform glycerol - the main by-product from biodiesel production to high value-added chemicals. In this work, we develop a photoelectrochemical system based on nanoporous BiVO for selective oxidation of glycerol to 1,3-dihydroxyacetone - one of the most valuable derivatives of glycerol. Under AM 1.

3'-Daidzein Sulfonate Sodium Protects Against Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion-Mediated Cognitive Impairment and Hippocampal Damage via Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein Upregulation.

The learning and memory impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is permanent and seriously affects the daily life of patients and their families. The compound 3'-daidzein sulfonate sodium (DSS) protects against CCH-mediated memory impairment and hippocampal damage in a rat model. In the present study, we further investigated the underlying mechanisms of this effect in the rat two-vessel occlusion (2VO) and the oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) primary hippocampal neuron models.

Breaking Long-Range Order in Iridium Oxide by Alkali Ion for Efficient Water Oxidation.

Oxygen electrochemistry plays a critical role in clean energy technologies such as fuel cells and electrolyzers, but the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) severely restricts the efficiency of these devices due to its slow kinetics. Here, we show that via incorporation of lithium ion into iridium oxide, the thus obtained amorphous iridium oxide (Li-IrO ) demonstrates outstanding water oxidation activity with an OER current density of 10 mA/cm at 270 mV overpotential for 10 h of continuous operation in acidic electrolyte. DFT calculations show that lithium incorporation into iridium oxide is able to lower the activation barrier for OER.

3'-Daidzein sulfonate sodium provides neuroprotection by promoting the expression of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and suppressing inflammatory responses in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia.

In a previous study using a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, we found that 3'-Daidzein sulfonate sodium (DSS), a derivative of daidzein, exerts neuroprotective effects by alleviating brain edema and reducing levels of interleukin (IL)-6. The present study was designed to further examine the potential mechanisms of the neuroprotective properties of DSS in a rat model of cerebral I/R injury. We found that treatment with DSS ameliorated neurological deficit, infarct size, and cerebral water content in rats with cerebral I/R injury.

Multi-Parameter Sensing Device to Detect Liquid Layers Using Long-Period Fiber Gratings.

Insoluble liquids show layers such as water and oil. The detection of the exact interface locations and the level changes for layered liquids are of paramount importance for chemistry purifications, liquid storage in reservoirs, oil transportation, and chemical engineering. However, accurately measuring liquid layers is challenging.

Optical fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer based on phase-shifting technique and birefringence crystals.

In this paper, the optical fiber Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometer based on phase-shifting technique and birefringence crystals is proposed and demonstrated. We use the characteristics of birefringence and four birefringence crystals with different thicknesses to obtain the quadrature phase-shifted signals, which are demodulated by phase-shifting technique. Two types of sensing interferometers are used in the experiment.

Predicted Structures of the Active Sites Responsible for the Improved Reduction of Carbon Dioxide by Gold Nanoparticles.

Gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) are known experimentally to reduce carbon dioxide (CO) to carbon monoxide (CO), with far superior performance to Au foils. To obtain guidance in designing improved CO catalysts, we want to understand the nature of the active sites on Au NPs. Here, we employed multiscale atomistic simulations to computationally synthesize and characterize a 10 nm thick Au NP on a carbon nanotube (CNT) support, and then we located active sites from quantum mechanics (QM) calculations on 269 randomly selected sites.

The genetic relationship between epilepsy and hemiplegic migraine.

Epilepsy and migraine are common diseases of the nervous system and share genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms. Familial hemiplegic migraine is an autosomal dominant disease. It is often used as a model of migraine.