Construction and Application of Rib Fracture Diagnosis Model Based on YOLOv3 Algorithm.

Objectives: The artificial intelligence-aided diagnosis model of rib fractures based on YOLOv3 algorithm was established and applied to practical case to explore the application advantages in rib fracture cases in forensic medicine.

Methods: DICOM format CT images of 884 cases with rib fractures caused by thoracic trauma were collected, and 801 of them were used as training and validation sets. A rib fracture diagnosis model based on YOLOv3 algorithm and Darknet53 as the backbone network was built.

Prevalence of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis in Middle-Aged People in Beijing Community.

Objective: Lumbar spondylolisthesis (LS) is a common lumbar disease, and the prevalence of LS in different countries or regions was not consistent in the past. This study intends to make statistics on the prevalence of lumbar spondylolisthesis in middle-aged people in Beijing community.

Methods: This is an epidemiological study.

Semi-quantitative grading and extended semi-quantitative grading for osteoporotic vertebral deformity: a radiographic image database for education and calibration.

The Genant's semi-quantitative (GSQ) criteria is currently the most used approach in epidemiology studies and clinical trials for osteoporotic vertebral deformity (OVD) evaluation with radiograph. The qualitative diagnosis with radiological knowledge helps to minimize false positive readings. However, unless there is a face-to-face training with experienced readers, it can be difficult to apply GSQ criteria by only reading the text description of Genant (in 1993), even for a musculoskeletal radiologist.

Discordance in diagnosis of osteoporosis by quantitative computed tomography and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Chinese elderly men.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic discordance of osteoporosis by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in Chinese elderly men.

Methods: A total of 313 males older than 60 years, who underwent both spinal QCT and lumbar spine and hip DXA in our department, were included. The diagnostic criteria established by the World Health Organisation in 1994 were used for DXA to diagnose osteoporosis, and the criteria recommended by the International Society of Clinical Densitometry were used for QCT.

The spatial differences in bone mineral density and hip structure between low-energy femoral neck and trochanteric fractures in elderly Chinese using quantitative computed tomography.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in bone mineral density (BMD) and hip structure between femoral neck and trochanteric fractures in elderly Chinese individuals using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). A total of 625 Chinese patients (mean age 75.8 years) who sustained low-energy hip fractures (female: 293 femoral neck, 175 trochanteric; male: 82 femoral neck, 75 trochanteric) were recruited.

Discrimination of vertebral fragility fracture with lumbar spine bone mineral density measured by quantitative computed tomography.

Background/objective: This study is a case-control study to explore risk and protective factors, including clinical data and bone mineral density (BMD), affecting vertebral body fragility fracture in elderly men and postmenopausal women. In addition, we investigate the effectiveness of lumbar spine BMD by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in discriminating vertebral fragility fracture.

Methods: In this case-control study, 52 males and 198 females with vertebral fragility fracture were compared with sex- and age-matched healthy controls to analyse the risk factors that may affect vertebral fragility fracture.

The protocol for the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology China Action on Spine and Hip status study.

The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) China Action on Spine and Hip status (CASH) study focused on the prevalence of osteoporosis and spinal fracture in China. The aim of the PURE CASH study is to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis and spinal fracture, and explore the potential relationship between spinal fracture and bone mineral density (BMD). This study is a prospective large-scale population study with a community-based sampling and recruitment strategy.

Correlation between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Non-Obese Chinese Adults: A CT Evaluation.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and visceral adipose tissue in non-obese Chinese adults using computed tomography (CT).

Materials And Methods: The study included 454 subjects undergoing abdominal CT scan. Degree of CT attenuation in liver and spleen, and the degree of fat infiltration in liver were evaluated according to three indices: the attenuation value of liver parenchyma (CT), the attenuation ratio of liver and spleen (LS) and the attenuation difference between liver and spleen (LS).

Effects of Structural Changes in Subchondral Bone on Articular Cartilage in a Beagle Dog Model.

Objective: Using MR T2-mapping and histopathologic score for articular cartilage to evaluate the effect of structural changes in subchondral bone on articular cartilage.

Methods: Twenty-four male Beagle dogs were randomly divided into a subchondral bone defect group (n = 12) and a bone cement group (n = 12). Models of subchondral bone defectin the medial tibial plateau and subchondral bone filled with bone cement were constructed.

Heterogeneity in Spinal Bone Mineral Density Among Young Adults From Three Eastern Provincial Capital Cities in Mainland China.

This study compares spinal volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) with spinal areal bone mineral density (aBMD) among young adults from 3 eastern provincial capital cities in Mainland China. A total of 416 young adults (age range: 20-40 yr) from 3 eastern provincial capital cities (Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou) in Mainland China were recruited in this study. From each subject, the vBMD of the lumbar spine was measured by the Mindways quantitative computed tomography system.

Comparison of the antiviral effects of different nucleos(t)ide analogues in chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B: a head-to-head study.

Background/aims: To assess the antiviral efficacy of lamivudine (LAM), entecavir (ETV), telbivudine (LDT), and lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil (CLA) combination in previously untreated hepatitis B patients at different time points during a 52-week treatment period.

Patients And Methods: A total of 164 patients were included in this prospective, open-label, head-to-head study. Serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were measured at baseline, and at 12, 24, and 52 weeks of treatment.

LMP1 stimulates the transcription of eIF4E to promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is the rate-limiting translation initiation factor for many oncogenes. Previous studies have shown eIF4E overexpression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We aimed to study whether viral oncogene latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) stimulates the transcription of eIF4E to promote NPC malignancy.

Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological analysis of experimental muscle injuries in a rabbit.

Objective: To investigate the correlation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with histopathological changes, and to evaluate T2 mapping in assessing muscle trauma in a rabbit model of muscle injury.

Methods: We divided 35 rabbits into seven groups that each represented a different time point after intramuscular hemorrhage and muscle injury. Hemorrhage was created by injecting autologous blood into the left legs, and muscle injury was created by scalpel incision of the biceps femoris of the right legs.

Correlation between the prevalence of herniation pits and the α angle of the hip: computed tomography evaluation in healthy Chinese adults.

Background: Herniation pits (HPs) commonly develop over time at the femoral head-neck junction in adults, but their cause is still under debate. The purpose of study reported here was to investigate the correlation between the prevalence of HPs of the femoral neck and the alpha angle of the hips of healthy Chinese adults, by using computed tomography (CT).

Methods: Six hundred and seventy Chinese adults (representing 1145 hips) who had no known diseases affecting the proximal femur and had no symptoms of femoroacetabular impingement underwent a 64-slice CT scan for medical purposes that included the hip in the scan range.

Comparison of QCT and DXA: Osteoporosis Detection Rates in Postmenopausal Women.

Objective. To compare the osteoporosis detection rates in postmenopausal women when measuring bone mineral density (BMD) with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in the spine versus dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in the spine and hip and to investigate the reasons for the discrepancy between the two techniques. Methods.

[Skeletal disease in primary hyperparathyroidism: X-ray, CT and MR imaging founding].

Objective: To analyze the X-ray, CT and MR imaging findings in skeletal disease with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), so as to discuss the clinic feature and differential diagnosis.

Methods: Thirty patients with PHPT were confirmed by surgery and pathological examination. In 15 patients the lesion were found in femur.

Comparison of two bioelectrical impedance analysis devices with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging in the estimation of body composition.

We compared a 4-limb bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) system, HBF 359 (Omron), and a 2-limb foot-to-foot device, BC 532 (Tanita), with the standard dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods for the measurement of body fat percentage (BF), skeletal muscle mass percentage (SMM, or fat-free mass [FFM] for BC 532), and visceral fat level (VF). Body composition was measured in 200 healthy volunteers (100 men and 100 women, mean age 48 years) by HBF 359 and BC 532 and by DXA and MRI. The agreement was assessed by correlation analysis and paired t-test.

[Relationship between proliferation and apoptosis of parathyroid cell in rabbits with primary hyperparathyroidism].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of proliferation and apoptosis of parathyroid cell in rabbits with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Methods: A total of 80 adult Chinese rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (n = 40 each). The control group was fed with a normal diet (Ca: P, 1:0.

[The study of an animal model in rabbits with the early primary hyperparathyroidism].

Objective: to study the biochemistry of blood and feature of pathology of an animal model in rabbits with the early primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT).

Methods: 60 rabbits were divided into six groups of 10 each and fed a control diet (Ca:P, 1:0.7) or a high-phosphate diet (Ca:P, 1:7) for 1-, 2- or 3-month intervals.

[Study of pedicle screw placement assisted by intraoperative three-dimensional navigation in lumbar vertebrae with axial rotation].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of axial rotation of lumbar vertebrae on the accuracy of pedicle screw placement using the traditional method, as well as to assess the value of intraoperative three-dimensional (3D) navigation in improving the accuracy.

Methods: Sixteen lumbar simulation models at different degrees of axial rotation (0°, 5°, 10° and 20°), with every four assigned with the same degree, were equally divided into two groups (traditional method group and intraoperative 3D navigation group). Random placement of pedicle screws was carried out, followed by CT scan postoperatively.