Publications by authors named "Xiao-Fei Yang"

Adolescence involves extensive brain maturation, characterized by social sensitivity and emotional lability, that co-occurs with increased independence. Mid-adolescence is also a hallmark developmental stage when youths become motivated to reflect on the broader personal, ethical, and systems-level implications of happenings, a process we term transcendent thinking. Here, we examine the confluence of these developmental processes to ask, from a transdisciplinary perspective, how might community violence exposure (CVE) impact brain development during mid-adolescence, and how might youths' dispositions for transcendent thinking be protective? Fifty-five low-SES urban youth with no history of delinquency (32 female; 27 Latinx, 28 East Asian) reported their CVE and underwent structural MRI first at age 14-18, and again 2 years later.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We have developed a nickel-catalysed regio- and stereoselective hydrocyanation of alkynoates that gives -β-cyanoalkenes. DFT calculations suggest that a favored transition state promotes Cα-H bond formation for determining regio- and stereoselectivity of the products.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Developmental scientists have long described mid-adolescents' emerging capacities to make deep meaning about the social world and self, here called transcendent thinking, as a hallmark developmental stage. In this 5-years longitudinal study, sixty-five 14-18 years-old youths' proclivities to grapple psychologically with the ethical, systems-level and personal implications of social stories, predicted future increases in the coordination of two key brain networks: the default-mode network, involved in reflective, autobiographical and free-form thinking, and the executive control network, involved in effortful, focused thinking; findings were independent of IQ, ethnicity, and socioeconomic background. This neural development predicted late-adolescent identity development, which predicted young-adult self-liking and relationship satisfaction, in a developmental cascade.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In recent years, the field of organometallic chemistry has made a great progress and diverse types of metallaaromatics have successively been reported. In those studies, incorporation of ligated osmium centers into metallaaromatic systems played a prominent role. The reviewed literature documents that certain metallaaromatics with unconventional photophysical properties, redox and electronic transport properties and magnetism, have potential to be widely used in diverse practical applications, with selected examples of amino acid and fluoride anion identification, photothermal effects, functional materials, photodynamic therapy (PDT) in biomedicine, single-molecule junction conductors, and electron-transport layer materials (ETLs) in solar cells.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Triterpenoid saponins have shown potential for relieving inflammatory pain, primarily by enhancing inhibitory synaptic responses and affecting capsaicin receptors.
  • The study utilized patch clamp techniques and animal experiments to identify active components and evaluate their analgesic effects.
  • Findings indicate that these saponins can improve pain relief through various mechanisms, highlighting the multi-faceted approach of traditional Chinese medicine in targeting pain management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Vaccines are urgently required to control Staphylococcus aureus hospital and community infections and reduce the use of antibiotics. Here, we report the safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant five-antigen Staphylococcus aureus vaccine (rFSAV) in patients undergoing elective surgery for closed fractures.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase 2 clinical trial was carried out in 10 clinical research centers in China.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Stroke represents one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Reactive oxygen species overproduction-induced oxidative stress in mitochondria results in mitochondrial DNA damage, mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), inflammation, and apoptosis during the pathologic progression of stroke. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator that induces the transcription of a wide range of antioxidant genes to attenuate mitochondrial oxidative stress.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Deep understanding the differentiation process of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is essential for developing cell-based therapeutic strategy. Substantial efforts have been made to investigate protein-coding genes, yet it remains lacking comprehensive characterization of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) during this process.

Methods: hESCs were passaged every 5-6 days and had maintained stable karyotype even until the 50th generation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is considered a major cause of death and long-term neurological injury in newborns. Studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress and apoptosis play a major role in the progression of neonatal HIE. Echinocystic acid (EA), a natural plant extract, shows great antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities in various diseases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Aim: Controversy remains as to pegylated interferon-α (PEG-IFNα) antiviral therapy to renal function in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of PEG-IFNα2b (Y shape, 40 kD) add-on treatment for renal function in CHB patients who received entecavir therapy.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study to investigate factors related to renal function in 114 CHB patients who received PEG-IFNα2b add-on therapy to entecavir for 48 weeks.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Although osmabenzyne, osmanaphthalyne, osmaphenanthryne, and osmaanthracyne have been previously reported, the synthesis of polycyclic osmaarynes is still a challenge. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of the first pentacyclic osmaarynes (pyreno[b]osmabenzynes 1 a and 2 a) and hexacyclic osmaaryne (peryleno[b]osmabenzyne 3 a). Nucleophilic reaction of osmaarynes was used to obtain the corresponding pyreno[b]osmium complexes (1 and 2) and peryleno[b] osmium complex (3), which exhibited near-infrared luminescence and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To summarize the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv(16)/t(16;16) (p13.1;q22), and to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of the patients.

Methods: AML patients with inv(16)/t(16;16) (p13.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To summarize the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv(16)/t(16;16) (p13.1;q22), and to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of the patients.

Methods: AML patients with inv(16)/t(16;16) (p13.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play crucial roles in the progression of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Genistein, a natural phytoestrogen, has been found to protect against ischemic brain injury. However, its effects and potential mechanisms in HIBD have not yet been explored.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is critical to skeletal development and diseases. As a research hotspot, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have expanded our understanding of a hidden layer of the transcriptome. Yet, their roles during adipo-osteogenesis remain poorly described.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The therapeutic effect of CAR-T is often accompanied by sCRS, which is the main obstacle to the promotion of CAR-T therapy. The JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib has recently been confirmed as clinically effective in maintaining control over sCRS, however, its mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we firstly revealed that ruxolitinib significantly inhibited the proliferation of CAR-T cells without damaging viability, and induced an efficacy-favored differentiation phenotype.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Drainage tube removal can be complicated when the greater omentum becomes trapped, leading to ineffective or damaging removal methods in past cases.
  • A new technique using ureteroscopy and a holmium laser was applied to four patients, successfully removing the incarcerated omentum with minimal complications.
  • Results showed all operations went well, with an average surgery time of 24.5 minutes, no bleeding or tissue damage, and patients recovered quickly, allowing for drain removal within 36 hours.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Across adolescence, individuals enrich their concrete, empathic, context-specific interpretations of social-world happenings with abstract, situation-transcending, system-level considerations-invoking values, bigger implications and broader emotional perspectives. To investigate neural mechanisms involved in abstract construals vs concrete construals and the effects of emotional engagement on these mechanisms, 65 mid-adolescents aged 14-18 years reacted to compelling video mini-documentaries during private, open-ended interviews and again during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Following calls to diversify samples, participants were ethnically diverse low-socioeconomic status (SES) urban adolescents performing well in school.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • In late 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic was initiated by a new virus called SARS-CoV-2, but its origins and ancestral viruses are still unclear.
  • Researchers discovered a related virus named PrC31 in bats from Yunnan Province, which shares over 90% genome similarity with SARS-CoV-2 and has distinctive genomic features, particularly in key regions.
  • The study suggests that PrC31 evolved through complex recombination events with SARS-related coronaviruses, indicating that beta-CoVs may have more intricate evolutionary mechanisms than previously understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Lung adenocarcinoma is heterogeneous and hierarchically organized, with a subpopulation of stem-like cells (CSCs) that reside at the apex of the hierarchy, in which exosomes act as important mediators by transporting specific molecules among different cell populations. Although there have been numerous studies on tumor exosomes, the constituents and functional properties of CSC-derived exosomes are still poorly characterized. Here we present a detail transcriptome and proteome atlas of the exosomes released by human lung adenocarcinoma stem-like cells (LSLCs).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Previous studies have demonstrated that the activation of delta opioid receptors is neuroprotective against neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of biphalin, a dimeric opioid peptide, in a mouse model of neonatal HI and the underlying mechanisms. On postnatal day 10, mouse pups were subjected to unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by 1 h of hypoxia (10 % O in N).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Natural killer-like B (NKB) cells, which are newly identified immune subsets, reveal a critical immunoregulatory property in the eradication of microbial infection the secretion of interleukin (IL)-18. For the first time, this study investigated the role of NKB cells in secreting IL-18 in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. In this study, NKB cells' percentage and IL-18 concentration in peripheral blood and periodontium in periodontitis patients was measured using flow cytometry and ELISA.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In animal models, hepatocytes can be reprogrammed into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) for a novel antidiabetic treatment. However, the potential for an immunologic reaction and issues with gene integration of the viral vehicle hamper system efficacy. Here, we adopted an Ultrasound Targeted Microbubble Destruction (UTMD) enhanced hydrodynamic gene delivery system in a streptozotocin induced mouse diabetic model to examine its treatment effect.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Human gastric cancer is a serious disease with high mortality rate all over the world. The one of difficulties in effective therapy of gastric cancer is metastasis. It has been reported that lncRNAs and miRNAs are involved in cancer metastasis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF