Valence-engineering modulation of MoS clusters for enhancing biocatalytic activity.

Earth-abundant MoS with the advantages of a stable structure, tunable bandgap, and easy shear has great potential for applications in the fields of catalysis, biomedicine, and so on. However, the biocatalytic activity of MoS remains little investigated and is insufficient for biomedical applications. In this work, we develop ultra-small and water-soluble MoS clusters with superior antioxidant activity and enzyme-like activity valence-engineering modulation with Ce doping.

Direct Preparation of Alginate Oligosaccharides from Brown Algae by an Algae-Decomposing Alginate Lyase AlyP18 from the Marine Bacterium A3.

Alginate oligosaccharides (AOs), derived from alginate degradation, exhibit diverse biological activities and hold significant promise in various fields. The enzymatic preparation of AOs relies on alginate lyases, which offers distinct advantages. In contrast to the conventional use of sodium alginate derived from brown algae as the substrate for the enzymatic preparation of AOs, AO preparation directly from brown algae is more appealing due to its time and energy efficiency.

ANP32E promotes esophageal cancer progression and paclitaxel resistance via P53/SLC7A11 axis-regulated ferroptosis.

Esophageal cancer (EC) is associated with high mortality rates and widespread resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, like paclitaxel (PTX), posing a significant global public health challenge. ANP32E is a member of the acidic nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family, its specific biological functions and mechanisms in EC remain unclear. Through bioinformatics analysis and clinical tissue sample studies, we observed a marked upregulation of ANP32E expression in EC tissues.

First-principle study of two-photon absorption in FeO.

Utilizing the length gauge and the electron density operator, we calculate the two-photon absorption (2PA) coefficient of FeO based on a full ab initio band structure. The pure two-photon interband transitions and those modulated by intraband transitions have been separated explicitly to determine their impact on the 2PA spectrum. A single main absorption peak instead of two will present in the spectrum by including the hybridization of inter- and intra-band transitions, which can be identified easily in future experimental studies.

Longitudinal Evolution of the Brain Microstructure in Cirrhotic Patients on Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging.

Background: Although improvement of cognitive function after liver transplantation has been demonstrated in several neuropsychological studies, there is limited research on longitudinal changes in the cirrhotic patients' brain structure before and after transplantation.

Purpose: To investigate longitudinal changes of brain microstructure in cirrhotic patients using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI).

Study Type: Prospective.

Clinical Grade Fibroin Sutures with Bioactive Gold Clusters Enhance Surgical Wound Healing via Inflammation Modulation.

Silk sutures are common in surgeries, and silk-based textiles are widely used in clinical medicine on account of their great mechanical properties and biodegradability. However, due to the lack of biocatalytic activity, silk sutures show unsatisfactory anti-inflammatory properties and healing speed. To address this constraint, we construct clinical grade bioactive gold cluster-sutures through a heterojunction.

Atomistic mechanisms of the regulation of small-conductance Ca-activated K channel (SK2) by PIP2.

Small-conductance Ca-activated K channels (SK, K2) are gated solely by intracellular microdomain Ca. The channel has emerged as a therapeutic target for cardiac arrhythmias. Calmodulin (CaM) interacts with the CaM binding domain (CaMBD) of the SK channels, serving as the obligatory Ca sensor to gate the channels.

Biocatalytic Clusterzyme Patches Restore Lung Function via Immunomodulation and Mitochondria Protection.

Currently, pulmonary complications such as lung infections during the perioperative period are still the main cause of prolonged hospitalization and death in patients with lung injury due to the lack of effective drugs. Clusterzyme, a kind of artificial enzyme with a high enzyme-like activity and safety profile, exhibits good effects on reducing oxidative stress and immunomodulation. Here, we present the functionalized patches that is administered on the lung airways and rescues the injured organ via clusterzymes.

Pursuing Extreme Descriptive Power and Generality in Chemical Bond Theories: A Method to Decipher "Interatomic Genomes" from Interatomic Electron Structures.

The description and analysis of chemical bonds have been difficult following the popularization of electronic structure calculations. Although many attempts have been made from the perspective of electronic structure, the sheer volume of information in the electronic structure has left contemporary chemical bond analysis methods grappling with an inescapable "Trilemma" where the model briefness, generality, and descriptiveness (descriptive power) cannot be obtained simultaneously. To push the generality and descriptiveness to their extremes, herein a general machine learning-based framework is introduced to compact chemical bonds into a detailed residue-by-residue "genome" with matched encoding/decoding tools.

Atomic-level design of biomimetic iron-sulfur clusters for biocatalysis.

Designing biomimetic materials with high activity and customized biological functions by mimicking the central structure of biomolecules has become an important avenue for the development of medical materials. As an essential electron carrier, the iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters have the advantages of simple structure and high electron transport capacity. To rationally design and accurately construct functional materials, it is crucial to clarify the electronic structure and conformational relationships of Fe-S clusters.

DNA methylation variations of DNA damage response correlate survival and local immune status in melanomas.

Aim: We aimed to explore the impact of DNA methylation alterations on the DNA damage response (DDR) in melanoma prognosis and immunity. MATERIAL & METHODS: Different melanoma cohorts with molecular and clinical data were included.

Results: Hierarchical clustering utilizing different combinations of DDR-relevant CpGs yielded distinct melanoma subtypes, which were characteristic of different prognoses, transcriptional function profiles of DDR, and immunity and immunotherapy responses but were associated with similar tumor mutation burdens.

Atomic Artificial Enzyme for Acute and Chronic Pneumonia.

Pneumonia involves complex immunological and pathological processes leading to pulmonary dysfunction, which can be life-threatening yet lacks effective specialized medications. Natural enzymes can be used as biological agents for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases, but limiting to catalytic and environmental stability as well as high cost. Herein, an artificial enzyme, gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) with excellent stability, bioactivity, and renal clearance can be used as the next-generation biological agents for acute lung injury (ALI) and allergic lung disease (ALD).

Application of fecal immunochemical test in colorectal cancer screening: A community-based, cross-sectional study in average-risk individuals in Hainan.

Background: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China is steadily rising, with a high proportion of advanced-stage diagnoses. This highlights the significance of early detection and prevention measures to enhance survival rates. Fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is a globally recommended CRC screening method; however, limited research has been conducted on its application in Hainan.

Nonmetal Doping Modulates Fe Single-Atom Catalysts for Enhancement in Peroxidase Mimicking via Symmetry Disruption, Distortion, and Charge Transfer.

Developing biomimetic catalysts with excellent peroxidase (POD)-like activity has been a long-standing goal for researchers. Doping nonmetallic atoms with different electronegativity to boost the POD-like activity of Fe-N-C single-atom catalysts (SACs) has been successfully realized. However, the introduction of heteroatoms to regulate the coordination environment of the central Fe atom and thus influence the activation of the HO molecule in the POD-like reaction has not been extensively explored.

CeV Clusters with Multi-Enzymatic Activities for Sepsis Treatment.

Artificial enzymes, especially nanozymes, have attracted wide attention due to their controlled catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability. The rising Cerium-based nanozymes exhibit unique SOD-like activity, and Vanadium-based nanozymes always hold excellent GPx-like activity. However, most inflammatory diseases involve polymerase biocatalytic processes that require multi-enzyme activities.

Three-Dimensional Visualization of Breast Cancer Pathology Evolution in Clinical Patient Tissues with NIR-II Imaging.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor worldwide and requires crucial molecular typing for treatment and prognosis assessment. Currently, approaches like pathological staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) face limitations due to the low signal-to-background ratio (SBR) and high tumor heterogeneity, resulting in a high misdiagnosis rate. Fluorescent assay in the second near-infrared region (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) exhibits ultrahigh SBR owing to diminished scattering and tissue autofluorescence.

A robust ensemble deep learning framework for accurate diagnoses of tuberculosis from chest radiographs.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) stands as a paramount global health concern, contributing significantly to worldwide mortality rates. Effective containment of TB requires deployment of cost-efficient screening method with limited resources. To enhance the precision of resource allocation in the global fight against TB, this research proposed chest X-ray radiography (CXR) based machine learning screening algorithms with optimization, benchmarking and tuning for the best TB subclassification tasks for clinical application.

Close relationship with the glandular capsule: a highly sensitive diagnostic indicator of major salivary gland metastatic malignancies in ultrasound.

Objectives: To investigate the ultrasound (US) characteristics of metastatic malignancies (MM) in the major salivary glands and to assess the diagnostic value of the close relationship with the glandular capsule in identifying MM.

Methods: From January 2016 and April 2022, 122 patients with major salivary gland malignancies, including 20 patients with MM and 102 patients with primary malignancies (PM) confirmed by histopathological examination, were enrolled in this study. Their clinicopathologic and US data were recorded and analysed.