Trends and patterns of antibiotic consumption in China's tertiary hospitals: Based on a 5 year surveillance with sales records, 2011-2015.

The consumption of antibiotics is a major driver in the development of antimicrobial resistance. This study aims to identify the trends and patterns of the total antibiotic consumption in China's tertiary hospitals from 2011 to 2015 by retrospectively analyzing aggregated monthly surveillance data on antibiotic sales made to 468 hospitals from 28 provinces. Antibiotic consumption was expressed in DDD per 1,000 inhabitants per day (DID).

Determinants and Equity Evaluation for Health Expenditure Among Patients with Rare Diseases in China.

Background: China has not established social security system for rare diseases. Rare diseases could easily impoverish patients and their families. Little research has studied the equity and accessibility of health services for patients with rare diseases in China.

Catastrophic expenditure and impoverishment of patients affected by 7 rare diseases in China.

Background: China is actively promoting regulation of rare diseases, rare disease and orphan drugs have been formally incorporated into the national planning. However, few studies have been done to evaluate the affordability of rare disease patients in China. This study aims to provide policy recommendations for the establishment of social security mechanism for rare diseases in China, so as to address the problem of poverty caused by these diseases.

[LC-MS/MS Analysis on the Components of Excretory-secretory Protein of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae].

Objective: To analyze the components of excretory-secretory protein（ESP） of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae, and search for the anti-tumor protein components.

Methods: The Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae were collected, and ESP was prepared. The ESP was separated in 15% SDS-PAGE.

The impact of laparoscopic converted to open colectomy on short-term and oncologic outcomes for colon cancer.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of laparoscopic converted to open colectomy on short-term and oncologic outcomes and to identify risk factors for long-term survival in patients undergoing colectomy for non-metastatic colon cancer.

Methods: A prospective database of consecutive operations for non-metastatic colon cancer was reviewed. Patients were grouped as conversion (CONV) group, completed laparoscopic resection (LAP) group, or open resection (OPEN) group.

[Midterm results of thoracic aortic dissection endovascular repair in conjunctions with the location of Adamkiewicz artery].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of using longer xenografts in conjunctions with the location of Adamkiewicz artery (AKA) on midterm outcomes of endovascular treatment for thoracic aortic dissection.

Methods: From March 2005 to September 2011, 217 patients with type B dissection were recruited. There were 143 males and 74 females with a mean age of 65 ± 11 years.

[Predicting value of dynamic alteration of blood neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio on recurrence-free survival in patients with advanced colon cancer after operation and chemotherapy].

Objective: To evaluate whether neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR) predicts risk of recurrence in patients with advanced colon cancer undergoing curative resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: A total of 149 patients with advanced colon cancer undergoing curative resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy(FOLFOX6 protocol) were included. NLR was calculated preoperatively and before chemotherapy.

[Effect of suprarenal fixation on renal function in endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair patients].

Objective: to assess the the mid-term renal function of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients following supra-renal endovascular repair.

Methods: from March 2005 to December 2009, 290 AAA patients were included and grouped depending upon whether they had received infra-renal (IR) or supra-renal (SR) EVAR. SR was performed in 173 patients, with a mean age of (72 ± 8) years and 85.

[Clinical observation on treatment of IgA nephropathy with Huobahuagen Tablets and irbesartan].

Objective: To observe the effects of Huobahuagen Tablets combined with irbesartan on the risk factors of IgA nephropathy.

Methods: Sixty-two patients diagnosed as IgA nephropathy were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. Thirty patients in the control group were treated with Huobahuagen Tablets (5 tablets po t.