Fluorescence intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) uses the near-infrared dye indocyanine green (ICG) to identify bile duct anatomy and prevent injuries during surgeries.
The study revealed that ICG peaks in fluorescence at 844 nm when combined with bile, reaching optimal visibility 8 minutes after injection, and is rapidly taken up by liver cells and excreted into bile.
Results showed that fluorescence IOC effectively detects bile duct issues and offers a reliable alternative for visualizing extrahepatic bile ducts, making it useful for monitoring biliary dynamics in surgical settings.