Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of bolus infusion of hypertonic hydroxyethyl starches (HHESs) and continuous infusion of hypertonic saline (HTS) in the early resuscitation in crush syndrome.
Methods: A rat model of crush injury was established. Rats were randomly divided into five groups: (1) HHES group, (2) HTS group, (3) volume resuscitation group, (4) normal resuscitation (NR) group, and (5) sham group.
Objective: To compare the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with retrieved epididymal and testicular sperm for obstructive azoospermia and with ejaculated sperm for severe oligozoospermia and asthenospermia.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 431 ICSI cycles, which were divided according to sperm sources into Groups A (n=287 in patients with severe oligozoospermia or asthenospermia using ejaculated sperm), B (n=109 in obstructive azoospermia patients with sperm retrieved by percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration, PESA) and C (n=35 in obstructive azoospermia patients with sperm retrieved by testicular sperm extraction, TESE). Comparisons were made among the three groups in the rates of embryo implantation, fertilization, pregnancy, cleavage, and miscarriage.