Metabolism study of two phenethylamine - derived new psychoactive substances using in silico, in vivo, and in vitro approaches.

New psychoactive substances (NPS) are substances that are not controlled by international drug control conventions but are abused and pose a threat to public health. Proscaline and methallylescaline are two phenylethylamines with psychoactive and stimulant effects and are also derivatives of the classic hallucinogen mescaline. However, limited toxicity information on proscaline and methallylescaline has hindered the identification of these two NPS.

[Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for in-hospital mortality risk in patients with sepsis complicated with acute pulmonary embolism].

Objective: To explore the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with sepsis complicated with acute pulmonary embolism, and to construct and validate a nomogram predictive model for in-hospital mortality risk.

Methods: Based on the American Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC-III, MIMIC-IV) databases, the data were collected on patients with sepsis complicated with acute pulmonary embolism from 2001 to 2019, including baseline characteristics, and vital signs, disease scores, laboratory tests within 24 hours of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and interventions. In-hospital mortality was the outcome event.

Uncovering the Multifaceted Role of () in Type III Secretion System and Other Virulence Production in PAO1.

is a multi-drug-resistant opportunistic pathogen that adapts to challenging environments by deploying virulence factors, including the type III secretion system (T3SS). Emerging evidence points to a role for NADH dehydrogenase complexes in regulating virulence; however, their precise contributions remain unclear. Here, we identify , a component of the NADH dehydrogenase complex I ( operon), as a key regulator of T3SS-related activities.

Revisiting fermented buckwheat: a comprehensive examination of strains, bioactivities, and applications.

Buckwheat, a nutrient-rich pseudocereal, is known for its various biological properties, but its antinutritional factors, such as phytic acid and tannins, can hinder nutrient absorption. Fermentation improves buckwheat's nutritional profile by enhancing bioactive compounds, increasing digestibility, and reducing antinutritional factors. This review comprehensively examines the effects of fermentation and microbial strains on the nutritional composition and functional properties of buckwheat, highlighting their impact on health benefits and potential applications in diverse food products.

Insights into etiology and management of a case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis manifesting as perianal lesions: a case report.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells, primarily affecting children and occasionally adults. Etiology remains enigmatic, with genetic and environmental factors implicated. Diagnosis relies on histopathology and clinical manifestations, often necessitating a multidisciplinary approach.

Enhancing the quality of dark tea through fermentation with Aspergillus niger: Unveiling aroma and taste characteristics.

Amidst the increasing demand for premium dark tea, the utilization of Aspergillus niger-inoculated fermentation has emerged as a potential solution to address the challenges associated with extended processing cycles and inconsistent quality. This study comprehensively investigated the efficacy and mechanisms of A. niger PW-2 inoculation in enhancing dark tea quality compared to spontaneous fermentation, using metabolomics, electronic tongue, molecular docking, and high-throughput sequencing.

Montmorillonite-enhanced Carboxymethylcellulose/Polyethyleneimine aerogel: A highly efficient and reusable adsorbent for caffeine removal from tea infusions.

Excessive consumption of caffeine presents health risks, necessitating the development of effective decaffeination methods in the food industry. This study introduced an innovative CMP aerogel that incorporated montmorillonite into a carboxymethylcellulose/polyethyleneimine framework to selectively decaffeinate without compromising the food's original flavor. The CMP aerogel achieved a caffeine adsorption capacity of 18.

Galectin-1 Regulates Inflammatory Responses and Promotes Microglial M2 Polarization in Chronic Migraine.

Chronic migraine (CM) is a severe and debilitating neurological disorder with an unclear pathophysiology. Galectin-1, a β-galactoside-binding protein, is known for its anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory effects in various inflammation-related diseases. However, its role in CM has not been fully elucidated.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the intercellular crosstalk and the regulatory landscape of stromal cells during the whole life of the mouse ovary.

The heterogeneity of ovarian mesenchymal/stromal cells has just been revealed in both mice and humans. However, it remains unclear about the cellular development trace and the intercellular communication network in the whole life of the ovary. In the study, we integrated ours and published single-cell RNA sequencing data from E11.

Experimental Study on Myocardial Protective Effect of Xuebijing Injection on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Perfused Isolated Heart: Based on Autophagy and NLRP3 Inflammatory Pathway.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the myocardial protective effect of Xuebijing (XBJ) injection in isolated donor heart preservation based on autophagy and NLRP3 inflammatory pathway, and to provide clues for improving the quality of donor heart preservation in the clinic.

Methods: Fourteen Guangxi Bama miniature pigs were randomly divided into two groups to establish the isolated heart perfusion model of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): (1) normal saline group (NS group): 50 mL normal saline was added to the perfusion solution; and (2) Xuebijing injection group (XBJ group): 10 mL of XBJ was added to the perfusate. Both groups were continuously pumped with 5 mL/h for 8 hours.

De novo design protein binders for MBP and GST tags.

Maltose-binding protein (MBP) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) are widely used solubility-enhancing protein tags, typically employed to address various issues related to protein expression and purification. The detection of these tags are usually achieved through binding of corresponding antibodies. Designing low-cost binders as alternatives to antibodies is of great significance.

Effect of General Anesthesia Combined with Transversus Abdominis Plane Block on Postoperative Sleep Disorders in Elderly Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of general anesthesia combined with transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative sleep disorders in elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery.

Methods: For elderly patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors, we recruited 94 patients, aged 65-80, who were scheduled for radical laparoscopic surgery. Using the random number table method, the patients were randomly divided into two groups, the general anesthesia group (group GA) and the general anesthesia combined with transversus abdominis plane block group (group GT).

Association between pain, sleep and intrinsic capacity in Chinese older adults: Evidence from CHARLS.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between pain, sleep, and intrinsic capacity (IC).

Design: A cohort study.

Setting And Participants: Data were obtained from participants in China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2015.

Systemic treatment type is not associated with abnormal post-treatment noninvasive liver stiffness measurement in psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is commonly associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, raising concerns about the hepatic effects of systemic treatments on psoriasis and its comorbid conditions. This study evaluates liver stiffness measurement (LSM) alterations and identifies predictors of abnormal LSM in psoriatic patients following systemic treatments, including biologics and methotrexate.

Methods: This prospective cohort study is based on the PSOWCH database (Psoriasis Cohort of West China Hospital).

Accumulation of microtubule-associated protein tau promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis through inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion.

Dysregulated expression of microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) has been reported in a variety of human cancers. However, whether and how Tau influences hepatocellular carcinogenesis remains elusive. This study was aimed to investigate the role and the underlying mechanism of Tau in the proliferation, invasion, migration and sorafenib sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.

The increase in the expression of circRNAs may contributes to a poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The primary methods for defining the prognostic risk of AML patients are cytogenetic and molecular analysis at the time of diagnosis. However, the prognosis of intermediate-risk patients is still not well assessed for biomarkers. The main objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the relationship between circRNAs and AML prognosis, to provide a theoretical basis for finding effective prognostic indicators in intermediate-risk patients, and to provide an important scientific basis for the development or revision of WHO practice guidelines and ELN risk classification, and to highlight the importance of continuing to focus on and evaluate the prognostic impact of circRNAs on AML in future studies.

A xylenol orange-based pH-sensitive sensor array for identification of bacteria and differentiation of probiotic drinks.

The development of straightforward and cost-efficient methods for bacterial identification is very important. In this study, we utilized xylenol orange, metal ions, and diverse bacterial carbon sources to construct a sensor array, achieving precise bacterial identification. Initially, we examined the absorbance variations of xylenol orange with five metal ions (Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) at pH levels ranging from 4 to 7, observing significant changes at 570 nm or 580 nm.

Posaconazole nanocrystals dry powder inhalers for the local treatment of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis poses a significant threat to immunocompromised patients, characterized by high mortality rates. Posaconazole (PSZ), a second-generation triazole antifungal, exhibits broad-spectrum activity but suffers from limited pulmonary concentrations and notable systemic side effects when administered orally or intravenously. This study focuses on optimizing PSZ nanocrystals-agglomerated particles for dry powder inhalers (DPIs) to enhance solubility, dissolution rates, and pulmonary deposition, ultimately improving therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic adverse effects.

Green tea polyphenol alleviates silica particle-induced lung injury by suppressing IL-17/NF-κB p65 signaling-driven inflammation.

Background: Silicosis, an interstitial lung disease caused by inhalation of silica particles, poses a significant health concern globally. Green tea polyphenol (TP) stands out as a promising therapeutic candidate, yet its specific protective effects and in-depth mechanisms against silicosis have not been thoroughly investigated.

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically assess the protective potential of TP against silicosis and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of its action.

The gut core microbial species Bifidobacterium longum: Colonization, mechanisms, and health benefits.

Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) is a species of the core microbiome in the human gut, whose abundance is closely associated with host age and health status. B.

Contemporary comparative surgical outcomes of type A aortic dissection in US and China: an analysis of the national inpatient sample database and a Chinese multi-institutional registry.

Background: To investigate the contemporary comparative inpatient prognosis among US and Chinese patients with type A aortic dissection (TAAD).

Methods: Data from Chinese multi-institutional TAAD registry and the US National Inpatient Sample databases were analyzed. We used multivariable logistic regression models to compare in-hospital mortality and perioperative complication rates between the US and China.

Overtone Excitation of Nitrogen Molecules via Stimulated Raman Pumping.

Nitrogen bond activation is a pivotal process in chemistry, with bond excitation being fundamental to understanding the underlying mechanisms, making the preparation of molecules in specific quantum states crucial. Here we report the first overtone excitation of the N molecule from XΣ( = 0, = 0, 1, and 2) to XΣ( = 2, = 0, 1, 2, and 3) using the stimulated Raman pumping (SRP) method in a pulsed molecular beam. N was detected using 2+1 resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization through the a″Σ state.

Integrative multiomic analysis unveils the molecular nexus of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but its mechanisms and related molecular networks remain unclear. We explored the association between mitochondrial-related genes and AMD by integrating multiomic data. We acquired summary-level data on mitochondrial-related protein abundance, gene expression, and gene methylation from quantitative trait locus studies.

Quantifying the impact of disease severity changes on the burden of blindness: A global decomposition analysis.

Background: Despite the significant impact of blindness on the affected individuals' quality of life, its burden has not been assessed according to temporal cause-specific changes in severity, impeding our ability to evaluate the impact of blindness on population health accurately. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively quantify the changes in cause-specific blindness burden according to changes in disease severity for 18 causes of blindness.

Methods: For this cross-sectional population-based study, we derived data on prevalence, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and population size between 1990 and 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.