Publications by authors named "Xiao Yong Huang"
Article Synopsis
- Single-cell technology offers a more comprehensive view of tumors by analyzing both tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironments, potentially improving diagnosis compared to traditional methods that focus solely on pathology.
- Despite its advantages, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) faces significant issues, including complex data structures and low signal clarity, which hinder its diagnostic use.
- The authors introduce a graph neural network framework designed for diagnosing primary liver tumors by leveraging scRNA-seq data and intercellular communication networks, demonstrating accurate differentiation between malignant and benign tumors and validating their findings with public datasets.
Article Synopsis
- Intratumoral immune status plays a crucial role in how patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma respond to therapy, especially with a combination of gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, lenvatinib, and anti-PD1 antibody.
- High levels of certain CD8 T-cell markers (GZMB and proliferating CD8) and low levels of Macro CD5L predict better therapeutic responses, while shifts in T-cell markers indicate varying response levels.
- The study also suggests that using anti-CTLA4 antibody can counteract therapy resistance caused by immune exhaustion, paving the way for more effective cancer treatments based on immune profiling.
Article Synopsis
- Evading the immune system is a key feature of cancer, particularly in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and understanding this process is crucial for finding new treatments.
- The study identifies miR-93-5p as a significant oncogene involved in HCC progression and immune evasion, as it disrupts tumor suppressors and affects immune cell function.
- Blocking GAL-9, which is linked to high levels of miR-93-5p, shows promise as a new immunotherapeutic strategy to counteract HCC and improve patient outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has poor outcomes, but a new combination therapy of toripalimab, lenvatinib, and GEMOX shows promise as a first-line treatment.
- In a study of 30 patients, the therapy resulted in an 80% objective response rate, with most experiencing either partial or complete responses, and an overall disease control rate of 93.3%.
- While manageable adverse events occurred in over half of the patients, including neutropenia and leukocytopenia, the overall survival and progression-free survival were encouraging, prompting further validation in a larger clinical trial.
Article Synopsis
- * Lower levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in HCC tissues are associated with worse cancer characteristics and resistance to chemotherapy after liver transplantation.
- * The enzyme TET2 regulates 5-hmC levels, and its reduction leads to chemotherapy resistance via inhibition of PCAF and hyperactivation of AKT signaling, making it a potential target for improving treatment outcomes.
Background: Perineural invasion (PNI) is associated with metastasis in malignancies, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and is correlated with poor prognosis.
Methods: The study included three large cohorts: ZS-ICC and TMA cohorts from our team, MSK cohort from a public database, and a small cohort named cohort 4. Prognostic implications of PNI were investigated in MSK cohort and TMA cohort.
Objective: This study evaluated the antitumor activity and safety of pemigatinib in previously treated Chinese patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusions or rearrangements.
Background: Pemigatinib provided clinical benefits for previously treated patients with cholangiocarcinoma carrying FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements and was approved for this indication in multiple countries.
Methods: In this ongoing, multicenter, single-arm, phase II study, adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma carrying centrally confirmed FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements who had progressed on ≥1 systemic therapy received 13.
Background: Kinase suppressor of Ras 2 (KSR2) is a regulator of MAPK signaling that is overactivated in most hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We sought to determine the role of KSR2 in HCC pathogenesis.
Methods: We tested the level of KSR2 in HCC tissues and cell lines by tissue microarray, qPCR, and western blotting.
Background & Aims: Despite remarkable advances in treatment, most patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) respond poorly to anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD1) therapy. A deeper insight into the tolerance mechanism of HCC against this therapy is urgently needed.
Methods: We performed next-generation sequencing, multiplex immunofluorescence, and dual-color immunohistochemistry and constructed an orthotopic HCC xenograft tumor model to identify the key gene associated with anti-PD1 tolerance.
Article Synopsis
- The CRISPR system provides a way for prokaryotes to fight off viruses and plasmids, leading to the creation of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tool, known for its precision and efficiency in genetic manipulation.
- This technology has revolutionized cancer research by helping scientists study cancer-related genes, create animal models, and identify drug targets, thereby deepening our understanding of cancer genomics.
- The review covers the principles of CRISPR/Cas9, new editing methods, advancements in cancer-related screening, delivery systems for the technology, and its potential to improve adoptive T cell therapy and minimize side effects.
Background: Immune checkpoint blockade resistance narrows the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Delineating the inherent mechanisms of anti-PD1 resistance is important to improve outcome of patients with advanced HCC.
Method: The level of cricTMEM181 was measured in HCC patients with anti-PD1 therapy by RNA sequencing and then confirmed by qPCR and Sanger sequencing.
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is highly invasive and carries high mortality due to limited therapeutic strategies. In other solid tumors, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) target cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD1), and the PD1 ligand PD-L1 has revolutionized treatment and improved outcomes. However, the relationship and clinical significance of CTLA-4 and PD-L1 expression in ICC remains to be addressed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Accumulating evidence indicates that circRNAs may serve as essential regulators in the progression of several human cancers, but the function and mechanism of circRNAs in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) are largely unknown.
Methods: RNA-seq was used to assess differentially expressed circRNAs between 4 ICC and peritumor tissues. Quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization were used to determine the circHMGCS1-016 expression in ICC tissues.
Article Synopsis
- Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains poor, prompting the need for new biological indicators to track disease progression.
- Researchers analyzed tissue samples from 140 ICC patients to study the expression levels of CD73 and CD8, finding that elevated CD73 was linked to lymphatic metastasis, while low CD8 T cell infiltration correlated with poor clinical outcomes.
- The study concludes that high CD73 expression and low CD8 T cell levels are significant independent predictors for overall survival and disease-free survival in ICC patients.
Background: Elevated expression of eukaryotic initiation factor 3c (eIF3C) was recently uncovered to promote several types of cancer progression by inducing cell proliferation. Here, we aimed to assess the expression and prognostic value of eIF3C in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients.
Methods: Expression of eIF3C was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing 138 ICC and paired peritumoral tissues from ICC patients.
Purpose: A meta-analysis was performed to compare the efficacy of an anterior chamber injection of moxifloxacin in the prevention of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.
Methods: A computer-based search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Clinical Trial database for articles related to anterior intraventricular injection of moxifloxacin for the prevention of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was performed through April 2019. Study selection, data exclusion, and quality assessment were performed by two independent observers.
Article Synopsis
- Natural killer (NK) cells are important for fighting tumors, but their dysfunction is observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is not fully understood.
- The study found that the circular RNA circUHRF1 is expressed at higher levels in HCC tissues and correlates with poor prognosis and NK cell dysfunction by reducing their ability to secrete key immune signals.
- CircUHRF1 also contributes to NK cell dysfunction by promoting TIM-3 expression through miR-449c-5p degradation, potentially leading to resistance against immunotherapy in HCC patients.
Background: Amplification of chromosome 7q21-7q31 is associated with tumor recurrence and multidrug resistance, and several genes in this region are powerful drivers of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to investigate the key circular RNAs (circRNAs) in this region that regulate the initiation and development of HCC.
Methods: We used qRT-PCR to assess the expression of 43 putative circRNAs in this chromosomal region in human HCC and matched nontumor tissues.
Purpose: To analyze the efficacy and outcome of percutaneous thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in patients with traumatic blunt aortic injury in our single-center.
Methods: From January 2014 to December 2018, a total of 89 patients with traumatic blunt aortic injuries were treated with emergency TEVAR in our center. Their clinical data such as demographics, operative details and postprocedure outcomes were analyzed retrospectively in this study using SPSS 20 software.
Our previous studies showed that tetraspanin CD151 was implicated in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mainly depending on the formation of functional complexes with molecular partners, including Mortalin. In this study, we investigate the role of mortalin in CD151-depedent progression of HCCs. Immunofluorescent staining, western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to investigate the expression and location of CD151 and Mortalin in four HCC cell lines with different metastatic ability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: PD1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising results for several malignancies. However, PD1/PD-L1 signaling and its therapeutic significance remains largely unknown in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) cases with complex etiology. : We investigated the expression and clinical significance of CD3 and PD1/PD-L1 in 320 ICC patients with different risk factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurgical repair of graft aneurysm following ascending-to-abdominal aortic bypass.
J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech
June 2019
Graft aneurysm after ascending aorta to abdominal aorta bypass is a rare complication of repair of coarctation of the aorta. We present a case of an aneurysm measuring 75 mm in diameter at the midportion of the prosthetic graft in a 33-year-old man. To prevent aneurysm rupture, redo ascending-to-abdominal aortic bypass was performed through an upper ministernotomy and upper midline laparotomy.
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