A universal network strategy for lightspeed computation of entropy-regularized optimal transport.

Optimal transport (OT) is an effective tool for measuring discrepancies in probability distributions and histograms of features. To reduce its high computational complexity, entropy-regularized OT is proposed, which is computed through Sinkhorn algorithm and can be readily integrated into neural networks. However, each time the parameters of networks are updated, both the value and derivative of OT need to be calculated.

Design and Synthesis of Completely Nonfused Medium-Wide-Bandgap Acceptors for Efficient Organic Photovoltaic Cells.

Medium-wide-bandgap (MWBG) organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have emerged as a promising category with distinctive application possibilities, especially in environments characterized by specific light conditions, such as indoor spaces. However, there are few high-efficiency MWBG acceptors, and most of them are constructed through high-cost fused central units, which limits the industrialization of MWBG OPV cells. Here, two completely nonfused MWBG acceptors, TBT-38 and TBT-43 with different alkoxy substituent positions on the thiophene rings, are synthesized.

Long-term impact of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on the risk of overweight/obesity in preschool children: mediation by infant birth weight and BMI trajectory group from 0 to 2 years.

Background: Obesity is a complex multisystem disease that affects almost every organ system. Studying the early determinants of obesity and implementing targeted interventions have positive implications for promoting long-term health. Therefore, this study was to evaluate the impact of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity, weight gain rate (WGR) during the second and third trimesters, infant birth weight (IBW) and BMI trajectory group (BMI-TG) from 0 to 2 years on overweight or obesity in preschool children.

Linking ambient air pollution to mental health: evidence based on the two-sample Mendelian randomization and colocalization study.

Growing evidence links air pollution, a ubiquitous environmental stressor, to a higher risk of developing mental disorders, raising significant public health concerns. Mental disorders represent a significant global public health challenge which can have a profound impact on individual lives. In this study, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between ambient air pollution and four common mental disorders.

Elevated concentrations of cardiac troponin T are associated with thoracic aortic calcification in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients of stage G3 to G5.

Background: Vascular calcification (VC), especially coronary artery calcification (CAC), serves as a robust predictor of cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Recent studies have revealed that the presence of extra-coronary calcifications (ECCs) contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated myocardial injury markers predict mortality risk in CKD patients and are associated with CVD.

Single-cell transcriptomic reveals the peritoneal microenvironmental change in long-term peritoneal dialysis patients with ultrafiltration failure.

The microenvironmental changes in peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE) after long-term vintage (LV) of PD in patients with ultrafiltration failure (LV_UF) are unclear. Single-cell sequencing revealed that peritoneal neutrophils were elevated in LV_UF patients, while MRC1-macrophage subcluster decreased compared with PD patients with short vintage (SV) and LV without ultrafiltration failure (LV_NOT_UF). Compared with the LV_NOT_UF group, the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of monocytes/macrophages in the LV_UF group were involved in inflammatory response and EMT progress.

S100A11 promotes lipid metabolism and activates the apoptosis in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) affects the development and maturation of oocyte in Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).The objective of our study was to examine the impact of S100A11 on granulosa cells in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome. We found that the S100A11 level was higher in the ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS patients and ovarian tissue of PCOS mouse models.

Chen's peiyuan tang and premature ovarian failure: unveiling the mechanisms through network pharmacology.

Background: Chen's Peiyuan Tang (CSPYT) is a compound herbal formula that has shown the potential to enhance ovarian function and reduce autophagy in ovarian granulosa cells, which plays a crucial role in follicular development and maturation. The application of Chinese herbal medicine offers a promising alternative to traditional hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

Methods: This study explores CSPYT's therapeutic mechanisms in treating POF, focusing on its modulation of autophagy through network pharmacology and transcriptomics-based analysis, predicting potential interactions and pathways.

Dynamic graph attention network based on multi-scale frequency domain features for motion imagery decoding in hemiplegic patients.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) establish a direct communication pathway between the brain and external devices and have been widely applied in upper limb rehabilitation for hemiplegic patients. However, significant individual variability in motor imagery electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) signals leads to poor generalization performance of MI-based BCI decoding methods to new patients. This paper proposes a Multi-scale Frequency domain Feature-based Dynamic graph Attention Network (MFF-DANet) for upper limb MI decoding in hemiplegic patients.

Development and validation of machine learning models for predicting lung metastasis risk in differentiated thyroid cancer based on two databases.

Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) progresses slowly, but patients with lung metastasis (LM) have a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the predictive ability of machine learning (ML) models in estimating the risk of LM in patients with DTC and to identify the independent risk factors specific to different age and gender subgroups.

Methods: The demographic and clinicopathological data of patients with DTC were obtained from two databases: firstly, the National Institutes of Health Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database [2010-2015], which provides extensive epidemiological and clinical information on cancer patients; secondly, the Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University [2014-2017], which focuses more on patients' specific clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes.

Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion Improved Postoperative Sleep Quality and Melatonin Secretion in Patients Undergoing Elective Thoracoscopic Lung Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Study.

Background: Dexmedetomidine has been reported to improve postoperative sleep quality. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine infusion on postoperative sleep quality and changes in melatonin secretion in older patients undergoing elective thoracoscopic lung surgery.

Comparison of indoor and outdoor atmospheric organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) from the petrochemical industrial area in North China: occurrence, gas-PM distribution, source appointment and health implications.

The consumption of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) has surged significantly recent years since global banning of brominated flame retardants (BFRs). Industrial activities are an important source of OPFRs, however there are few studies on OPFRs contamination in the indoor and outdoor atmosphere of industrial areas. A study was conducted to analyze contamination of 15 OPFRs individuals in both indoor and outdoor air and PM of living and industrial sites of the petrochemical industrial area (outdoor and indoor sites of living area was LO and LI, outdoor and indoor sites of industrial area was LO and LI).

FcRn-dependent IgG accumulation in adipose tissue unmasks obesity pathophysiology.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is traditionally recognized as a plasma protein that neutralizes antigens for immune defense. However, our research demonstrates that IgG predominantly accumulates in adipose tissue during obesity development, triggering insulin resistance and macrophage infiltration. This accumulation is governed by neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-dependent recycling, orchestrated in adipose progenitor cells and macrophages during the early and late stages of diet-induced obesity (DIO), respectively.

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus exploits cytoskeletal system of psyllid vector for circulative propagative infection.

The citrus disease Huanglongbing (HLB) in Asia and the US is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which is primarily transmitted by Diaphorina citri, also known as Asian citrus psyllid in a persistent and propagative manner. However, the exact mechanisms underlying CLas circulation within D. citri remain largely unclear.

A predictive model of treatment effectiveness of refractory peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in patients with peritoneal dialysis: a single-center observational study in South China.

Background: To prevent loss of peritoneal function caused by persistent abdominal inflammation, the guidelines recommend early extubation in patients with refractory peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis (rPDAP). In attempt to pinpoint high-risk patient cohorts that did not respond to treatment for refractory peritonitis, we created a model to predict the effectiveness of peritonitis treatment.

Methods: This observational cohort study included PD patients from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2020.

A meta-analysis of the efficacy of physical exercise interventions on activities of daily living in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review published randomized controlled trials on the effects of physical exercise on activities of daily living (ADL) in Alzheimer's patients through meta-analysis, thereby synthesizing existing evidence to provide scientific intervention recommendations for exercise prescriptions in Alzheimer's patients.

Methods: Based on strict literature inclusion and exclusion criteria, a systematic search was conducted in databases including PubMed and Web of Science from their inception to July 1, 2024. The Cochrane risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the design of randomized controlled trials.

π-HuB: the proteomic navigator of the human body.

The human body contains trillions of cells, classified into specific cell types, with diverse morphologies and functions. In addition, cells of the same type can assume different states within an individual's body during their lifetime. Understanding the complexities of the proteome in the context of a human organism and its many potential states is a necessary requirement to understanding human biology, but these complexities can neither be predicted from the genome, nor have they been systematically measurable with available technologies.

CircFAM64A(3) promoted bladder cancer proliferation and inhibited CD8 + T cell via sponging to miR-149-5p and activated IL-6/JAK/STAT pathway.

Background: The significance of circular RNA in tumour biology is increasingly recognized. This study aims to explore the value of circFAM64A(3) in the proliferation and immune evasion of bladder cancer.

Methods: Bioinformatics were used to identify the differentially expressed circular RNAs in bladder cancer.

Total biosynthesis of cotylenin diterpene glycosides as 14-3-3 protein-protein interaction stabilizers.

Cotylenins (CNs) are bioactive fungal diterpene glycosides that exhibit stabilizing activity on 14-3-3 protein-protein interactions (PPIs), which has significant therapeutic potential. Although CNs were isolated as early as 1970, their biosynthetic pathway has remained unclear, and their limited supply has hindered further research. Here, we report the identification of the biosynthetic gene cluster and elucidation of the biosynthetic pathway of CNs.

Longitudinal changes in choroidal structures among children with low to moderate myopia under orthokeratology treatment.

Purpose: To explore the longitudinal changes in choroidal features in myopic children with low to moderate myopia under orthokeratology (ortho-k) treatment.

Methods: Children (n = 80) aged 8-12 years with spherical equivalent refraction of -1.00 to -6.

A new species of Isocapnia (Plecoptera: Capniidae) from China, with notes on I. apicispina Chen & Du, 2017 and I. arcuata Zhiltzova, 1975.

This study describes and illustrates a new species of Isocapnia Banks, 1938, I. niuerheensis Yang & Du, sp. nov.