Publications by authors named "Xiao Tian"

Fluorescence navigation is a novel technique for accurately identifying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions during hepatectomy, enabling real-time visualization. Indocyanine green-based fluorescence guidance has been commonly used to demarcate HCC lesion boundaries, but it cannot distinguish between benign and malignant liver tumors. This review focused on the clinical applications and limitations of indocyanine green, as well as recent advances in novel fluorescent probes for fluorescence-guided surgery of HCC.

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Genomic instability and inflammation are distinct hallmarks of aging, but the connection between them is poorly understood. Here we report a mechanism directly linking genomic instability and inflammation in senescent cells through a mitochondria-regulated molecular circuit involving p53 and cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCF) that are enriched for DNA damage signaling marker γH2A.X.

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Background: Vascular hyperpermeability is one of the hallmarks of acute lung injury, contributing to excessive inflammation and respiratory failure. The PPARδ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta) is an anti-inflammatory transcription factor, although its role in endothelial barrier function remains unclear. Here, we studied the essential role of PPARδ in maintaining vascular endothelial barrier integrity during lung inflammation and investigated the underlying mechanisms.

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The present study describes a rare case of hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) of the tongue root and provides an analysis and review of the relevant literature to improve the understanding of its diagnosis and treatment. Clinical imaging and pathological data from a patient with primary HCCC of the tongue root were summarized, and previously published studies were reviewed through a literature search. The common symptoms, treatment strategies and prognoses reported in the literature were compared.

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This study presents the first integration of wavelet denoising with resonator-enhanced microwave spectroscopy to explore the formation and characteristics of gas-phase heterogeneous vinylene carbonate-(CO) clusters. Through this innovative approach, faint spectral lines were detected with efficiency, enhancing our understanding of complex interaction patterns that govern the growth and stability of these molecular clusters. It was found that CO aggregates preferentially around the vinylene carbonate molecule through C···O tetrel bonds at the carbonyl and ether groups, altering the typical self-aggregation topology of free CO clusters.

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Background: Fistula-in-ano is an abnormal tunnel formation linking the anal canal with the perineum and perianal skin. Multiple imagining methods are available to evaluate it, among which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most advanced noninvasive preoperative method. However, it is limited in its visualization function.

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Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 14 regulates cell cycle, tumor expansion by influencing the downstream targets of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. However, the function of CDK14 during organ development and regeneration has not been investigated in genetically-modified animals. Here, we found that genetic ablation of Cdk14 influenced pulmonary vascular endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cells during mice embryonic development as well as repair of lung after bleomycin or lipopolysaccharide induced injury.

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White adipose tissue (WAT) beiging holds significant therapeutic potential for combating obesity. Here, we present a protocol for inducing beige WAT in mice using both cold exposure and CL316,243 treatment. We describe steps for intraperitoneal injection, and subcutaneous WAT (sWAT) isolation, dissection, and fixation.

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Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with ischemic stroke accounting for the majority of these. HBA is the active ingredient in and has potential therapeutic effects on central nervous system diseases. In this study, the cell model of cerebral ischemia was replicated by the culture method of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation, and the rat model of vascular dementia was established by the two-vessel occlusion method.

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Aging results in a progressive decline in physiological function due to the deterioration of essential biological processes, such as transcription and RNA splicing, ultimately increasing mortality risk. Although proteomics is emerging as a powerful tool for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of aging, existing studies are constrained by limited proteome coverage and only observe a narrow range of lifespan. To overcome these limitations, we integrated the Orbitrap Astral Mass Spectrometer with the multiplex tandem mass tag (TMT) technology to profile the proteomes of three brain tissues (cortex, hippocampus, striatum) and kidney in the C57BL/6JN mouse model, achieving quantification of 8,954 to 9,376 proteins per tissue (cumulatively 12,749 across all tissues).

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Lithocholic acid (LCA) is accumulated in mammals during calorie restriction and it can activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to slow down ageing. However, the molecular details of how LCA activates AMPK and induces these biological effects are unclear. Here we show that LCA enhances the activity of sirtuins to deacetylate and subsequently inhibit vacuolar H-ATPase (v-ATPase), which leads to AMPK activation through the lysosomal glucose-sensing pathway.

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Calorie restriction (CR) is a dietary intervention used to promote health and longevity. CR causes various metabolic changes in both the production and the circulation of metabolites; however, it remains unclear which altered metabolites account for the physiological benefits of CR. Here we use metabolomics to analyse metabolites that exhibit changes in abundance during CR and perform subsequent functional validation.

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Objectives: To explore the potential financial toxicity (FT) profiles in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) undergoing chemotherapy and analyze its influencing factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 373 CRC patients undergoing chemotherapy in southwest China from January 2024 to May 2024. We utilized the General Information Questionnaire, the FT based on Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (COST-PROM), the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), and the Family APGAR Index (APGAR).

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Background: Primary cardiac angiosarcoma (PCAS) is a rare and aggressive heart tumour with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Understanding cellular heterogeneity and tumour microenvironment (TME) is crucial for the development of effective therapies. Here, we investigated the intratumoural heterogeneity and TME diversity of PCAS using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

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Background: Although older adult patients have a higher retear rate after rotator cuff (RC) repair, the influence of aging on the healing process remains unclear. During mouse enthesis development, a multipotent progenitor coexpressing scleraxis (Scx) and SRY-box 9 (Sox9) contributes to enthesis formation. Scx/Sox9 cells may act as enthesis progenitors even during postnatal healing, and their number decreases with maturation.

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Article Synopsis
  • Fu Brick Tea (FBT) is a fermented tea from China with distinct aroma qualities, but its chemical and microbial makeup was not thoroughly studied before.
  • Researchers utilized advanced techniques like gas chromatography and sensory analysis to analyze 41 FBT samples from 7 regions, identifying 63 volatile compounds and 32 key odor-active compounds.
  • The study found that high-quality FBTs have specific aroma compounds and revealed that certain bacteria, like Bacillus and Pseudomonas, are crucial in creating FBT's aroma, enhancing our understanding of its quality features.
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Article Synopsis
  • * Aged individuals showed an increase in macrophages with a tolerogenic phenotype and dysfunctional CD8-positive T cells, while profibrotic macrophages were reduced.
  • * Inhibiting TREM1 decreased melanoma growth in younger mice, whereas inhibiting TREM2 helped prevent lung metastasis in older mice, suggesting new treatment targets for age-related melanoma immunotherapy.
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Background: Increasing studies focused on the efficacy of acupuncture on pregnancy outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). However, debatable conclusions have been drawn from different randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which might be related to different doses of acupuncture.

Objective: To evaluate whether acupuncture has a dose-dependent effect on pregnancy outcomes in patients with PCOS undergoing IVF-ET in systematically reviewing.

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At over 200 years, the maximum lifespan of the bowhead whale exceeds that of all other mammals. The bowhead is also the second-largest animal on Earth, reaching over 80,000 kg. Despite its very large number of cells and long lifespan, the bowhead is not highly cancer-prone, an incongruity termed Peto's Paradox.

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Multi-photon absorption in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) regime has attracted extensive attention due to biological imaging and frequency-upconverted lasing applications. We report the dispersion of four-photon absorption (4 PA) response in pristine and Ga-doped ZnO single crystals over the spectral range 1180-1350 nm. Femtosecond Z-scan results demonstrate that Ga doping can significantly enhance the 4 PA coefficient β of ZnO.

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  • This study investigates how the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from glial cells affects microglia-astrocyte interactions and influences neurological outcomes.
  • Using a pharmacological agent (GW4869), researchers found that reducing EV release lowered inflammation and altered behavioral responses in mouse models induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  • The results suggest that manipulating EV dynamics may offer a new therapeutic strategy for treating neurological disorders by reducing neuroinflammation and improving cognitive functions and behavior.
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The emission factors and characteristics of pollutants from river vessels are critical for understanding the environmental impact of ship emissions, particularly in inland waterways. However, research gaps remain regarding emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) from river vessels. In this study, we collected and analyzed organic vapor emissions, including non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHCs), oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) and IVOCs, from three river vessels under different operating conditions.

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