Strictly G-Specific Alginate Lyase Aly7Sa for Efficient Preparation of Unsaturated Guluronate Oligosaccharides.

Alginate is a commercially valuable polysaccharide consisting of β-d-mannuronate (M) and its C5 epimer, α-l-guluronate (G). Alginate lyases are efficient tools for the degradation of alginate and the preparation of oligosaccharides. In this research, an endolytic alginate lyase Aly7Sa with strict G specificity was expressed and characterized with the optimum reaction conditions at 30 °C and pH 6.

Microbiota Involved in the Degradation of Polysaccharide and Microbial Enzymatic Potential Revealed by Microbiome and Metagenome.

, as a traditional edible fungus in Asian countries, is rich in polysaccharides with a variety of bioactivities. Nevertheless, its high molecular weight and complex structure have caused limitations in its application and structural analysis. In this study, we successfully screened a polysaccharide-degrading bacterium from the soil by enriching and screening.

Effect of π-Bridge Chain Rearrangement in a Sensitizer on Photovoltaic Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

In this paper, novel triphenylamine (TPA)-based photosensitizers (, , , and ) with a donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) structure are developed for dye-sensitized solar cells by rearrangement of planar thiophene and thienothiophene with a benzene ring as a π-bridging chain. Density functional theory calculations are performed to obtain the HOMO-LUMO electron cloud density distribution, dipole moment (μ), intermolecular torsion angle (θ), three-dimensional (3D) molecular structure, and electrostatic potential surface (ESP) maps of the dyes. The effects of π-bridge chain rearrangement and dye cosensitization on the photophysical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of the devices are investigated through experiment analysis.

Sublobectomy versus lobectomy for peripheral small-sized pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma (PMA), a rare type of adenocarcinoma, remains controversial in terms of its associated prognosis. We conducted this study to compare the oncological outcomes of lobectomy and sublobectomy for peripheral small-sized PMA.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included all patients with peripheral small-sized (≤2 cm) clinical stage IA1-A2 PMA who underwent lobectomy or sublobectomy (with margin distances ≥2 cm or greater than tumor diameter) between January 2015 and December 2018.

Decarbonizing the Non-Carbon: Benefit-Cost Analysis of Phasing Out the Most Potent GHG in Interconnected Power Grids.

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF), the most potent greenhouse gas, is widely used in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) in the power industry. With increasing electrification and deepening renewable penetration, GIS installations and SF emissions are expected to rise. This work provides the first comprehensive analysis of the social economic viability of eliminating SF in high-voltage GIS equipment.

Oxidative stress induced protein aggregation via GGCT produced pyroglutamic acid in drug resistant glioblastoma.

Drug resistance is a major barrier to cancer therapies and remains poorly understood. Recently, non-mutational mechanisms of drug resistance have been proposed where a more plastic metabolic response can play a major role. Here, we show that upon drug resistance, glioblastoma (GBM) cells have increased oxidative stress, mitochondria function, and protein aggregation.

Development of a predictive model for severe peripartum hemorrhage in placenta accreta spectrum cases under neuraxial anesthesia: a multicenter retrospective analysis.

Background: The placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) represents a significant risk factor for severe postpartum hemorrhage. Recent studies have demonstrated the safety of neuraxial anesthesia (NA) in cesarean delivery (CD) for patients with PAS.

Objectives: To evaluate the risk of severe peripartum hemorrhage in patients with PAS who underwent CD under NA.

Consistency between metagenomic next-generation sequencing versus traditional microbiological tests for infective disease: systemic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Pathogen identification is essential in sepsis and septic shock. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is a novel pathogen detection method with several advantages over traditional tests. However, the consistency between mNGS and traditional pathogen tests requires further investigation.

Impact of straw returning on soil ecology and crop yield: A review.

Several studies have demonstrated the effect of straw return on enhancing soil ecology, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, and cumulative effects on plant yield. Recent studies have focused on straw return methods and their impact on soil nutrient cycling and the overall physicochemical composition of the soil. Despite the substantial progress and successes, several research gaps in these studies require further investigations to harness the full potential of straw return.

[Wild boar resource and its conflict with human in Zhejiang Province, East China].

Human-wildlife conflict is one of the important research topics in biodiversity and conservation. Understanding the status of wildlife resources and its conflict with human could promote the sustainable protection and management of wildlife. Wild boar () is one of the most widely distributed ungulates in the world, with an increasing population and recently rising levels of conflict with human.

Psychometric properties of the modified Chinese version of the family resilience assessment for families of patients with cancer.

Family resilience is critical for families recovering and growing from a cancer crisis; however, there remains a lack of universal family resilience assessment tools for families of patients with cancer. This study aimed to modify the Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRA) and examine its psychometric properties. First, the FRA scale was modified into the Family Resilience Assessment Scale for Family Cancer (FRAS-FC) based on cultural adaptations and cancer population applicability.

Prioritizing landscapes for mitigating the impacts of onshore wind farms on multidimensional waterbird diversity in the Yellow Sea.

Ongoing wind energy developments play a key role in mitigating the global effects of climate change and the energy crisis; however, they have complex ecological consequences for many flying animals. The Yellow Sea coast is considered as an ecological bottleneck for migratory waterbirds along the East Asian-Australasian flyway (EAAF), and is also an important wind farm base in China. However, the effects of large-scale onshore wind farms along the EAAF on multidimensional waterbird diversity, and how to mitigate these effects, remain unclear.

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the developmental trajectory and transcriptional regulatory networks of quinoa salt bladders.

Salt bladders, specialized structures on the surface of quinoa leaves, secrete Na to mitigate the effects of the plant from abiotic stresses, particularly salt exposure. Understanding the development of these structures is crucial for elucidating quinoa's salt tolerance mechanisms. In this study, we employed transmission electron microscopy to detail cellular differentiation across the developmental stages of quinoa salt bladders.

Determining optimal clinical target volume margins based on microscopic extracapsular extension of metastatic nodes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer after chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy.

Background: No standard has been established for the clinical target volume (CTV) margins of lymph nodes (LNs) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy followed by radiotherapy. This study aimed to discuss the CTV range of NSCLC after chemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy by observing the microscopic extent of tumor spread beyond the LN capsule.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 240 patients with stage II and III NSCLC who underwent surgery without neoadjuvant therapy, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), or with NAC combined with immunotherapy (NACI).

Factors influencing the physical activity among pediatric cancer survivors based on the parent-based expansion of the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Purpose: This study descriptively analyzed the current status of physical activity among pediatric cancer survivors and their parents and further analyzed the factors influencing the physical activity among pediatric cancer survivors based on the parent-based expansion of the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Methods: A total of 271 pediatric cancer survivors and their parents were conveniently selected as participants for this cross-sectional survey conducted from June to November 2023. Using questionnaires to collect sociodemographic and physical activity data of pediatric cancer survivors and their parents, dimensions of the Theory of Planned Behavior among pediatric cancer survivors.

Stem cells in pulmonary hypertension: Current understanding and future challenges.

Stem cells possess the unique ability to develop into different cell types within the body. Researchers are exploring the use of different types of stem cells to potentially repair damaged blood vessels, reduce inflammation, and improve overall vascular function, all of which are crucial factors in pulmonary hypertension (PH). While it is important to acknowledge that further clinical studies and trials are necessary to fully understand the efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy for PH, ongoing research and initial findings present promising avenues for potentially developing new treatments or therapeutic strategies for PH.

Survival Outcomes of Neoadjuvant Therapy Followed by Sleeve Lobectomy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on long-term survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing sleeve lobectomy.

Methods: A total of 613 patients were retrospectively analyzed, including 124 who received neoadjuvant therapy. A 1:2 propensity score matching method was adopted to create a balanced cohort including 110 with neoadjuvant therapy and 169 without neoadjuvant therapy.

Visible light-mediated organocatalyzed 1,3-aminoacylation of cyclopropane employing N-benzoyl saccharin as bifunctional reagent.

The carboamination of unsaturated molecules using bifunctional reagents is considered an attractive approach for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds. However, bifunctional C-N reagents have never been employed in the carboamination of cyclopropane. In this study, we use an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), N-benzoyl saccharin, as a bifunctional reagent and a photoredox catalyst for a dual-catalyzed 1,3-aminoacylation of cyclopropane.

Steering research on mRNA splicing in cancer towards clinical translation.

Splicing factors are affected by recurrent somatic mutations and copy number variations in several types of haematologic and solid malignancies, which is often seen as prima facie evidence that splicing aberrations can drive cancer initiation and progression. However, numerous spliceosome components also 'moonlight' in DNA repair and other cellular processes, making their precise role in cancer difficult to pinpoint. Still, few would deny that dysregulated mRNA splicing is a pervasive feature of most cancers.

Nursing Students' Perception of the Clinical Learning Environment: A Longitudinal, Cohort Study.

Background: The clinical learning environment (CLE) plays a vital role in students' learning in clinical settings. However, to our knowledge, no longitudinal cohort studies have been published on how CLE influences nursing students' learning during clinical placements.

Purpose: This study investigated a cohort of nursing students' perceptions of CLE during their first and third-year clinical placements.

A review of botany, ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Sarcandra species.

Background: Sarcandra is one of the five genera of Chloranthaceae, which has a long history of medicinal use and high medicinal value, with excellent therapeutic effects on liver cancer, pneumonia, colitis, bone fractures, and dysentery. Among its species, Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai has been extensively utilized in diverse compound formulations, toothpaste, tea, daily commodities, as well as health supplements.

The structure investigation of GH174 endo-1,3-fucanase revealed an unusual glycoside hydrolase fold.

Sulfated fucan has attracted increasing research interest due to its various biological activities. Endo-1,3-fucanases are favorable tools for structure investigation and structure-activity relationships establishment of sulfated fucan. However, the three-dimensional structure of enzymes from the GH174 family has not been disclosed, which hinders the understanding of the action mechanism.

EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Combined with Radiotherapy in 105 Patients of Lung Adenocarcinoma with Brain Metastasis: A Retrospective Study of Prognostic Factor Analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to retrospectively analyse the response and prognosis factors for patients with lung adenocarcinoma exhibiting brain metastasis and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, who were treated with a combination of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and brain radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: Clinicopathological data of patients with lung adenocarcinoma were collected from January 2021 to January 2024 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.

Nonparametric Biomarker Based Treatment Selection With Reproducibility Data.

We consider evaluating biomarkers for treatment selection under assay modification. Survival outcome, treatment, and Affymetrix gene expression data were attained from cancer patients. Consider migrating a gene expression biomarker to the Illumina platform.