[UPLC-Q-TOF-MS reveals pharmacodynamic substances in Longxuejie Capsules and metabolites in rats].

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), UNIFI software, and a self-built compound library of Longxuejie Capsules were employed to analyze the pharmacodynamic substances of Longxuejie Capsules and the metabolites in rats. The methanol extracts of capsule contents as well as the plasma, urine, and fecal metabolites of rats after drug administration were prepared. Data were collected in both positive and negative MS~E Continuum scan modes via UPLC-Q-TOF-MS.

Role of molybdenum in ameliorating busulfan-induced infertility in female mice.

Background: Molybdenum (Mo) plays a crucial role in regulating normal physiological function. However, its potential effect on female infertility has received little attention.

Methods: In this study, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms of Mo's action on mouse ovaries and oocytes by establishing a busulfan-induced infertility model.

A newly identified secretory phospholipase A2 group XIIA homolog (LcPLA2XIIA) in Larimichthys crocea exhibits antimicrobial and antitumor activities.

The phospholipase A2 (PLA2) superfamily has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to the multiple physiological and pathological functions exerted by its members. Up to date, the knowledge about the biological role of PLA2XIIA subfamily members remains limited. In this study, a new member of PLA2XIIA subfamily, LcPLA2XIIA, was characterized in large yellow croaker.

Integrated omics analysis reveals the immunologic characteristics of cystic Peyer's patches in the cecum of Bactrian camels.

have specific mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) throughout the large intestine, with species-unique cystic Peyer's patches (PPS) as the main type of tissue. However, detailed information about the molecular characteristics of PPS remains unclear. This study applied a transcriptomic analysis, untargeted metabolomics, and 16S rDNA sequencing to compare the significant differences between PPS and the adjacent normal intestine tissues (NPPS) during the healthy stage of three young .

Longitudinal changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system are related to the prognosis of stroke.

Background And Purpose: This study sought to improve methods to identify biomarkers in the neuroendocrine system related to stroke progression to improve the accuracy of traditional tools for evaluating stroke prognosis.

Methods: Seventy-four stroke patients and 237 healthy controls were prospectively included. We measured urinary epinephrine (E), noradrenaline (NE), dopamine (DA) and cortisol (F) on days 1, 3, and 5 after stroke onset and plasma F, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyrotropin (TSH), prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (GH).

Randomized Trial of First-Line Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor With or Without Radiotherapy for Synchronous Oligometastatic EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Adding radiotherapy (RT) to systemic therapy improves progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Whether these findings translate to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated NSCLC remains unknown. The SINDAS trial (NCT02893332) evaluated first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy for EGFR-mutated synchronous oligometastatic NSCLC and randomized to upfront RT vs no RT; we now report the prespecified interim analysis at 68% accrual.

Indirubin-3'-monoxime suppresses amyloid-beta-induced apoptosis by inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation.

Indirubin-3'-monoxime is an effective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent protein kinases, and may play an obligate role in neuronal apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we found that indirubin-3'-monoxime improved the morphology and increased the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to amyloid-beta 25-35 (Aβ25-35), and also suppressed apoptosis by reducing tau phosphorylation at Ser199 and Thr205. Furthermore, indirubin-3'-monoxime inhibited phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β).

A clinical survey of pain in Parkinson's disease in Eastern China.

Background: This is a case-control study to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of pain in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: A total of 200 PD patients from eastern China were enrolled in our study. Accordingly, 200 healthy elderly adults were recruited as controls.

[Novel hybrids of (phenylsulfonyl)furoxan and N-benzyl matrinol as anti-hepatocellular carcinoma agents].

N-Benzyl matrinol was obtained by hydrolysis, benzylation and reduction reaction from matrine. A series of hybrids (8a-8n) from (phenylsulfonyl)furoxan and N-benzyl matrinol were synthesized and biologically evaluated as anti-hepatocellular carcinoma agents. All target compounds were evaluated for anti-proliferative activity against human hepatocellular Bel-7402, SMMC-7721, Bel-7404, and HepG2 cells in vitro by MTT method.

Comparative Effectiveness of Risk-adapted Surveillance vs Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection in Clinical Stage I Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Testicular Cancer: A Retrospective Follow-up Study of 81 Patients.

Purpose: To retrospective assess the potential predictors for relapse and create an effective clinical mode for surveillance after orchidectomy in clinical stage I non-seminomatous germ cell testicular tumors (CSI-NSGCTs).

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data for CSI-NSGCTs patients with non-lymphatic vascular invasion, %ECa < 50% (percentage of embryonal carcinoma < 50%), and negative or declining tumor markers to their half-life following orchidectomy (defined as low-risk patients); these patients were recruited from four Chinese centers between January 1999 and October 2013. Patients were divided into active surveillance group and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) group according to different therapeutic methods after radical orchidectomy was performed.

[Changes of phenols and lignin contents in alfalfa leaf damaged by Odontothrips loti].

In order to investigate the changes of secondary metabolites content of alfalfa induced by thrips Odontothrips loti damaging, two alfalfa strains, one resistant to thrips (R-1) and the other susceptible to thrips (I-1) , were chosen to measure the phenols and lignin contents of alfalfa leaves under infestation with thrips at different densities (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 thrips x branch(-1), and 0 thrip x branch(-1) as control). After infestation 7 days, the polyphenols, tannin and condensed tannin contents increased in both leaves of R-l and I-i with the increasing thrips density, the simple phenols content had no significant difference, while the lignin content increased significantly compared with the control. After infestation 14 days, the polyphenols, tannin, condensed tannin and lignin contents in both leaves of R-1 and I-1 increased obviously with the increasing thrips density, while the simple phenols content had no significant difference.

Neuronal and astroglial TGFβ-Smad3 signaling pathways differentially regulate dendrite growth and synaptogenesis.

To address the role of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-Smad3 signaling pathway in dendrite growth and associated synaptogenesis, we used small inhibitory RNA to knockdown the Smad3 gene in either cultured neurons and or primary astrocytes. We found that TGFβ1 treatment of primary neurons increased dendrite extensions and the number of synapsin-1-positive synapses. When Smad3 was knockdown in primary neurons, dendrite growth was inhibited and the number of synapsin-1-positive synapses reduced even with TGFβ1 treatment.

Solid lipid nanoparticles as delivery systems for Gambogenic acid.

In this study, Gambogenic acid loaded by solid lipid nanoparticles (GNA-SLNs) was explored to reduce toxicity and improve therapeutic efficacy. GNA-SLNs were prepared by emulsification and low temperature solidification methods, and the freeze-dried powders were then developed to improve the stability. The physical-chemical properties of the products in terms of particle size, zeta potential, morphology and entrapment efficiency were well evaluated.

Gambogenic acid inhibits proliferation of A549 cells through apoptosis inducing through up-regulation of the p38 MAPK cascade.

Gamboge is a dry resin secreted from Garcinia hanburryi, and gambogenic acid (GNA) is one of the main active compounds of gamboge. We have previously demonstrated the anticancer activity of GNA in A549 cells and pointed out its potential effects in anticancer therapies. Previous studies reported that GNA induced apoptosis in many cancer cell lines and inhibited A549 tumor growth in xenograft of nude mice in vivo.

Gambogenic acid-induced time- and dose-dependent growth inhibition and apoptosis involving Akt pathway inactivation in U251 glioblastoma cells.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and aggressive type of primary brain tumor. Uncontrolled activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway resulting from genetic alterations in phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) correlates with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy of glioblastomas. In this study, we found that gambogenic acid (GNA), a polyprenylated xanthone isolated from the traditional medicine gamboge, efficiently arrested the cell cycle at the G(0)/G(1) phase by specifically repressing the expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E, suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation and cell migration, and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in U251 glioblastoma cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner.

[Amelioration of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by leptin pretreatment and ischemic preconditioning in mouse].

Objective: To study the effects and role of leptin pretreatment and ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the reduction of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) in mouse.

Methods: Thirty-six male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into five groups: (1)sham operation group (n=12); (2) brief ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) treatment group (n=6), in which the mice were subjected to three cycles of a 3-minute regional ischemia followed by a 5-minute reperfusion (I/R cycle); (3) MIRI group (n=6), in which MIRI was established in the mice by blocking anterior descending branch of left coronary artery for 30 minutes, followed by 120 minutes reperfusion; (4) IPC group (n=6), in which three I/R cycles were performed on the mice followed by the MIRI protocol; (5) leptin pretreatment group (leptin group, n=6), in which 50 microg/kg of leptin was injected intraperitoneally to the mice 30 minutes before myocardial ischemia. From 6 mice of the sham operation group and from the mice of brief I/R group, serum samples were collected at different time points (0, 5, 30 and 120 minutes) after reperfusion to measure changes in serum leptin level.

Time trends of co-existing atopic conditions in Singapore school children: prevalence and related factors.

Atopic diseases are known to co-exist and are interrelated. Their co-existence in a patient increases disease burden and morbidity. We sought to study the prevalence of co-existing atopic conditions over time and its associated risk factors among Singapore children.

Relationship between exhaled nitric oxide and atopy in Asian young adults.

Objectives: The relationship between exhaled nitric oxide and atopy is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between exhaled nitric oxide (FE(NO)) and atopy in Asian young adults.

Methodology: Subjects were assessed by: (i) the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire to differentiate asthmatic from nonasthmatic and rhinitis from non-rhinitis subjects; (ii) skin prick testing to 10 allergens; and (iii) FE(NO) measurements performed online at a flow rate of 50 mL/s.