Engineered acetogenic bacteria as microbial cell factory for diversified biochemicals.

Acetogenic bacteria (acetogens) are a class of microorganisms with conserved Wood-Ljungdahl pathway that can utilize CO and CO/H as carbon source for autotrophic growth and convert these substrates to acetate and ethanol. Acetogens have great potential for the sustainable production of biofuels and bulk biochemicals using C1 gases (CO and CO) from industrial syngas and waste gases, which play an important role in achieving carbon neutrality. In recent years, with the development and improvement of gene editing methods, the metabolic engineering of acetogens is making rapid progress.

Alginate oligosaccharide assimilation by gut microorganisms and the potential role in gut inflammation alleviation.

Unlabelled: Dietary fiber metabolism by gut microorganisms plays important roles in host physiology and health. Alginate, the major dietary fiber of daily diet seaweeds, is drawing more attention because of multiple biological activities. To advance the understanding of alginate assimilation mechanism in the gut, we show the presence of unsaturated alginate oligosaccharides (uAOS)-specific alginate utilization loci (AUL) in human gut microbiome.

[Effect of Twin-block in adolescents with mandibular retrusion and normal anterior overjet].

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic effect of modified fixed Twin-block on patients whose mandible was retruded and anterior overjet was normal.

Methods: Thirty-six adolescents with mandibular retrusion and normal anterior overjet were selected. The goal of occlusal reconstruction was to move the soft tissue pogonion forward to the zero meridian(0°).

[Clinical efficacy of the combination of miniscrew with clear aligner in controlling the roller coaster effect].

Purpose: To investigate the clinical efficacy of miniscrew in controlling the roller coaster effect in long-distance space closure with clear aligner.

Methods: Sixteen adult patients with bimaxillary protrusion were selected. All cases were treated with clear aligner and their four first premolars were extracted.

Antiperspirant effects and mechanism investigation of Mulisan decoction in rats based on plasma metabolomics.

Context: Mulisan decoction (MLS) is a classic formula of traditional Chinese medicine for treating hyperhidrosis. The mechanism remains unclear.

Objective: To investigate the antiperspirant effect and underlying mechanisms of MLS.

[Consistency of the landmark identification on two types of cephalograms from cone-beam CT].

Purpose: To study the landmark consistency on two types of cephalograms reconstructed from the data of cone-beam CT(CBCT).

Methods: CBCT data of 56 patients without teeth missing were uploaded into Dolphin software and transferred to the cephalograms. In the control group, the right half projection was taken while in the experimental group, the images achieved after 6 individual projections were managed to achieve the synthesized cephalograms.

Biofuel and chemical production from carbon one industry flux gas by acetogenic bacteria.

Carbon one industry flux gas generated from fossil fuels, various industrial and domestic waste, as well as lignocellulosic biomass provides an innovative raw material to lead the sustainable development. Through the chemical and biological processing, the gas mixture composed of CO, CO, and H, also termed as syngas, is converted to biofuels and high-value chemicals. Here, the syngas fermentation process is elaborated to provide an overview.

[Clinical study of the effect of fixed Twin-block on adolescent skeletal Class Ⅱ malocclusion].

Purpose: To evaluate the retention ability of fixed Twin-block appliance and its clinical effect on adolescent skeletal ClassⅡmalocclusion.

Methods: Twenty-six skeletal ClassⅡdivision 1 adolescents (M:12, F: 14; age:11~13 years, average: 11.8 years) were chosen and fixed Twin-block appliance was used to guide the mandibular protrusion for one year.

Structural basis for the exolytic activity of polysaccharide lyase family 6 alginate lyase BcAlyPL6 from human gut microbe Bacteroides clarus.

Alginate is the structural polysaccharide of the cell wall of brown algae, which is an important carbon source for marine life. The depolymerization of alginate is dependent on alginate lyases. Recent studies showed that the alginate utilization ability had been obtained by human gut microbes.

Haimufang decoction, a Chinese medicine formula for lung cancer, arrests cell cycle, stimulates apoptosis in NCI-H1975 cells, and induces M1 polarization in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

Background: Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality in the world and novel treatment strategies are still needed. Haimufang decoction (HMF) is a patented clinical prescription of traditional Chinese medicine for lung cancer treatment. HMF is composed of four herbs and has been applied clinically in advanced cancer patients.

[Combination of NITI cantilever arm and casting frame in correcting lingually inclined mandibular molar].

Purpose: To study the effect of NITI cantilever arm in correcting lingually inclined mandibular molar.

Methods: Sixteen patients whose single mandibular second molar was lingually inclined were chosen. The intra-mandibular anchorage was achieved by means of cast frame which connected the bilateral mandibular posterior teeth.

Sleep quality and cognitive impairment in older Chinese: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.

Background: evidence concerning the relationship between sleep quality and cognitive impairment is limited and inconsistent.

Objective: to examine the association of sleep quality with memory impairment and poor cognitive function in a large sample of older Chinese.

Methods: 15,246 participants aged 50+ years of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study who attended the second physical examination from 2008 to 2012 were included.

[Clinical study on upper molar mesial movement with miniscrews in the palatal suture and casting frame].

Purpose: To study the clinical effect of the upper first molar space closure by mesial traction of the second and the third molar with palatal miniscrew and casting frame.

Methods: Twelve cases with the upper first molar lost and only accepting regional orthodontic treatment were chosen. Two miniscrews were inserted beside the palatal suture, individual casting frames were manufactured to help stabilize the miniscrew and the upper premolars on the same side.

Tailoring pore structures with optimal mesopores to remarkably promote DNA adsorption guiding the growth of active Mn(PO) toward sensitive superoxide biomimetic enzyme sensors.

The great challenge in preparing a biomimetic enzyme sensor is to have sensitivity and selectivity equal to or better than its corresponding biological sensor. Porous electrodes possess a large surface area and are often used to greatly improve the sensor sensitivity. However, how to tailor the pore structure, especially the pore size distribution to further improve the sensitivity and selectivity of a biomimetic sensor, has not been investigated yet.

[Application of double miniscrews for extraction of horizontally impacted wisdom tooth with high risk of injury to inferior alveolar nerve].

Purpose: To study the clinical effect of double miniscrews for extraction of horizontally impacted wisdom tooth adjacent to the inferior alveolar nerve canal.

Methods: Eight horizontally impacted wisdom teeth requiring extraction because of orthodontic treatment were proven to be adjacent to the inferior alveolar nerve canal by means of cone-beam CT scan. The treatment began with double miniscrews traction under the help of cantilever beam.

[Role of corticotomy in assisting space closure with atrophic alveolar ridge].

Purpose: To study the effect of corticotomy in assisting space closure in cases whose alveolar ridge atrophy was obvious after extraction.

Methods: Twenty two cases whose canine's distal movement<0.2mm/m were selected, 12 accepted corticotomy and the other 12 were selected as the control group.

Processive Degradation of Crystalline Cellulose by a Multimodular Endoglucanase via a Wirewalking Mode.

Processive hydrolysis of crystalline cellulose by cellulases is a critical step for lignocellulose deconstruction. The classic Trichoderma reesei exoglucanase TrCel7A, which has a closed active-site tunnel, starts each processive run by threading the tunnel with a cellulose chain. Loop regions are necessary for tunnel conformation, resulting in weak thermostability of fungal exoglucanases.

Substitution of one calcium-binding amino acid strengthens substrate binding in a thermophilic alginate lyase.

Ligand binding is sensitive to temperatures since noncovalent bonds between the binding site and ligand could be broken by heat. How metal ion-binding amino acids in alginate lyase evolve to achieve tight substrate binding in a hostile environment remains unknown. An endolytic alginate lyase AlgAT0 specifically cleaved the M-G glycosidic bond and released disaccharides as the main end product.

Structural insights into the substrate specificity of a glycoside hydrolase family 5 lichenase from sp. F32.

Glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 5 is one of the largest GH families with various GH activities including lichenase, but the structural basis of the GH5 lichenase activity is still unknown. A novel thermostable lichenase F32EG5 belonging to GH5 was identified from an extremely thermophilic bacterium sp. F32.

[Clinical study of premolar extrusion with subgingival decayed defect by one-couple orthodontic NiTi auxiliary arch].

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of one-couple orthodontic NiTi auxiliary arch on the premolar extrusion which had subgingival decayed defect.

Methods: A total of 30 cases with subgingival decayed defects over 2 mm under the proximal gingival margin were chosen including 18 first premolars and 12 second premolars. The first and second molars on the same side were connected steadily and the one-couple orthodontic force system was designed.

Nanostructured cobalt phosphates as excellent biomimetic enzymes to sensitively detect superoxide anions released from living cells.

Monitoring superoxide anion radicals in living cells has been attracting much academic and industrial interest due to the dual roles of the radicals. Herein, we synthesized a novel nanostructured cobalt phosphate nanorods (Co(PO) NRs) with tunable pore structure using a simple and effective micro-emulsion method and explored their potential utilization in the electrochemical sensing of superoxide anions. As an analytical and sensing platform, the nanoscale biomimetic enzymes Co(PO) NRs exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards superoxide anion (O) with a low detection limit (2.

Influence of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile in Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng).

Background: Over recent decades, sulfur fumigation is becoming abused in processing some freshly harvested herbs used as both medicine and food, although it has been questioned whether sulfur fumigation will change the efficacy and safety of the herbs. One of the herbs commonly processed by sulfur fumigation is Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng in Chinese). Glycosides are the main bioactive components of Jiegeng.

Synergistic Cellulose Hydrolysis Dominated by a Multi-Modular Processive Endoglucanase from Clostridium cellulosi.

Recalcitrance of biomass feedstock remains a challenge for microbial conversion of lignocellulose into biofuel and biochemicals. Clostridium cellulosi, one thermophilic bacterial strain dominated in compost, could hydrolyze lignocellulose at elevated temperature by secreting more than 38 glycoside hydrolases belong to 15 different families. Though one multi-modular endoglucanase CcCel9A has been identified from C.

[Casting Nance arch which allowed the upper canine's self-adjustment in the extraction cases].

Purpose: To study the upper canine's self-adjustment after the first premolar extraction and the effect of casting Nance arch in the sustainment of the upper first molar position.

Methods: Twenty severely crowded adolescents whose upper canines were in labial malposition were chosen. After the treatment plan was made, the upper first premolars were removed, the individually made casting Nance arches were fixed on the upper first molars.

Characterization of a thermostable endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase from Caldicellulosiruptor sp. strain F32 and its application for yeast lysis.

β-1,3-Glucans, important structural components of cell wall or nutritional components of the endosperm, are extensively found in bacteria, fungi, yeast, algae, and plants. The structural complexity of β-1,3-glucans implies that the enzymatic depolymerization of polysaccharides needs combined activities of distinct enzymes. In this study, Lam16A-GH, the catalytic module of a putative glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 16 laminarinase/lichenase from thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor sp.