A clinical pilot trial of an artificial intelligence-driven smart phone application of bowel preparation for colonoscopy: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: High-quality bowel preparation is paramount for a successful colonoscopy. This study aimed to explore the effect of artificial intelligence-driven smartphone software on the quality of bowel preparation.

Methods: Firstly, we utilized 3305 valid liquid dung images collected mobile phones as training data.

Weight-adjusted-waist index: an innovative indicator of breast cancer hazard.

Background: Central obesity and breast cancer (BC) have been identified as relevant by empirical research. The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) is a novel methodology for quantifying central obesity. Inspection of the association between WWI and BC in American adult women was the primary goal of the current investigation.

Enhancement of nutritional quality of chickpea flour by solid-state fermentation for improvement of in vitro antioxidant activity and protein digestibility.

The nutritional properties, anti-nutritional factors, and in vitro digestion characteristics of chickpeas after solid-state fermentation (SSF) with autochthonous microorganisms were investigated. Two strains (P.pentosaceus LFSBB12 & P.

Chitosan-based thermosensitive injectable hydrogel with hemostatic and antibacterial activity for preventing breast cancer postoperative recurrence and metastasis via chemo-photothermal therapy.

Primary resection surgery is a conventional approach in breast cancer treatment, which plays a pivotal role in the prevention of recurrence and metastasis. In this study, an injectable hydrogel comprising chitosan (CS), β-glycerophosphate (β-GP), and dopamine (DA) with near-infrared (NIR) photothermal attributes was developed. The composite hydrogels integrate doxorubicin (DOX), termed DCGD, and can be used for chemotherapy, synergistic photothermal therapy, anti-bacterial and hemostasis.

An Entropy-Driven Multipedal DNA Walker Microsensor for In Situ Electrochemical Detection of ATP.

Microelectrode- and nanoelectrode-based electrochemistry has become a powerful tool for the in situ monitoring of various biomolecules in vivo. However, two challenges limit the application of micro- and nanoelectrodes: the difficulty of highly sensitive detection of nonelectroactive molecules and the specific detection of target molecules in complex biological environments. Herein, we propose an electrochemical microsensor based on an entropy-driven multipedal DNA walker for the highly sensitive and selective detection of ATP.

Transfer of and increases 3D growth and invasiveness in recipient cancer cells.

Aim: Extracellular communication via the transfer of vesicles and nanoparticles is now recognized to play an important role in tumor microenvironment interactions. Cancer cells upregulate and secrete abundant levels of and that can alter gene expression in donor and recipient cells. In this study, we sought to identify targets of and and conclusively demonstrate that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be functionally transferred from donor to recipient cells.

Optimizing Cu doping on carbon nitrogen holly shell for enhanced selectivity towards formate in CO reduction.

Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (ECORR) to produce high value-added products is a promising and effective strategy for closing the artificial carbon cycle and achieving sustainable development of resource. However, catalyst structural reorganization and agglomeration caused by the reduction process will reduce the catalytic performance. In this study, a carbon nitrogen shell with cupper-doped (CNCu shell) catalyst was prepared using silicon dioxide (SiO) as a template.

Cascade-Activatable Nanoprodrug System Augments Sonochemotherapy of Bladder Cancer.

Sonochemotherapy (SCT) has emerged as a powerful modality for cancer treatment by triggering excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and controlled release of chemotherapeutic agents under ultrasound. However, achieving spatiotemporally controlled release of chemotherapeutic agents during ROS generation is still an enormous challenge. In this work, we developed a cascade-activated nanoprodrug () system that utilizes a reversible covalent Schiff base mixed with a hypoxia-activatable camptothecin (CPT) prodrug.

Weak Fiber Bragg Grating Array-Based In Situ Flow and Defects Monitoring During the Vacuum-Assisted Resin Infusion Process.

Monitoring of real-time flow and defects in the vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI) process can provide important guidelines for full impregnation of dry reinforcement. A weak fiber Bragg grating array was employed to obtain quasi-distributed monitoring results in real-time. Sensitivity testing of different kinds of coated optical fiber sensors (OFs) was carried out first, and the polyacrylate-coated OF showed a greater wavelength-shift response than the polyimide-coated one.

SYISL Knockout Promotes Embryonic Muscle Development of Offspring by Modulating Maternal Gut Microbiota and Fetal Myogenic Cell Dynamics.

Embryonic muscle fiber formation determines post-birth muscle fiber totals. The previous research shows SYISL knockout significantly increases muscle fiber numbers and mass in mice, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study confirms that the SYISL gene, maternal gut microbiota, and their interaction significantly affect the number of muscle fibers in mouse embryos through distinct mechanisms, as SYISL knockout alters maternal gut microbiota composition and boosts butyrate levels in embryonic serum.

Comprehensive analysis of the transcription factor CREB3L4/RASEF signaling axis in lung adenocarcinoma: implications for pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the role of cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 4 (CREB3L4) in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and to provide new insights and approaches for its effective treatment. An analysis was conducted on the expression and prognostic implications of CREB3L4 in LUAD.

Methods: Potential downstream target genes regulated by CREB3L4 were identified through chromatin immunoprecipitation assay sequencing and mRNA sequencing analyses, and the regulatory relationship, mechanism, and prognostic significance of the identified target gene in LUAD were subsequently confirmed.

Classification and prediction of variants associated with hearing loss using sequence information in the vicinity of mutation sites.

Hearing impairment is a major global health problem, affecting more than 5 % of the world's population at various ages, from neonates to the elderly. Among the common genetic variations in humans, single nucleotide variations and small insertions or deletions predominate. The study of hearing loss resulting from these variations is proving invaluable in the analysis and diagnosis of hearing disorders.

Correlation of bisphenol A and bisphenol S exposure with the metabolic parameters on FDG PET/CT image.

Purpose: Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogs have been proved to be harmful to human health. This study aimed to assess the correlation of BPA and its major analog, Bisphenol S (BPS), with metabolic parameters within main organs using F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) imaging.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who had undergone FDG PET/CT imaging and were also examined for BPA and BPS levels.

Comprehensive review of dysphagia and technological advances in dysphagia food.

As the global population ages, dysphagia is becoming increasingly common among the elderly, posing serious risks such as choking, aspiration pneumonia, and even death. Leveraging advanced technologies to develop specialized food products for those with dysphagia not only serves the economic interests of the elderly food market but also significantly enhances the nutritional health and social satisfaction of this demographic. This review examines the causes and early symptoms of dysphagia, the development of texture-modified foods (TMFs), and the relevant regulations and standards.

Zinc Homeostasis Plays Important Roles in Hypoxia Tolerance: A Study Conducted Clinically and .

Guo, Yan, Chao Yu, Zhongsheng Lu, Menglan Zhang, Qiang Zhang, and Xiao Liu. Zinc homeostasis plays important roles in hypoxia tolerance: A study conducted clinically and . 00:00-00, 2024.

Thyroid function and brain structure: insight from a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Thyroid hormones play a critical role in brain development. However, the precise causal associations between thyroid function and structural changes in specific brain regions remain uncertain.

Methods: We applied the univariate Mendelian randomization (UVMR) method to assess the causal effects of thyroid function on brain structure.

Probiotic Supplements Benefit Psoriasis Therapy Rather Than Affecting Disease Risk: Evidence from NHANES Machine-Learning and Meta-Analysis Study.

This research aimed to evaluate the impact of probiotic supplementation on the severity of psoriasis symptoms and its association with the risk of developing the disease. We analyzed the association between probiotic usage and psoriasis among 21,942 participants from the 2009-2014 NHANES, employing advanced machine learning techniques for data analysis. A separate meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of probiotics on the severity, life quality, and some related inflammation factors.

Blood biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma: a critical review.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, which represents a serious threat to human life, health and quality of life. Blood-based detection is essential for HCC screening, early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and surveillance. Current non-invasive detection strategy including serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), ultrasound, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Plasmon-Enhanced Optoelectronic Graded Neurons for Dual-Waveband Image Fusion and Motion Perception.

Motion recognition based on vision detectors requires the synchronous encoding and processing of temporal and spatial information in wide wavebands. Here, the dual-waveband sensitive optoelectronic synapses performing as graded neurons are reported for high-accuracy motion recognition and perception. Wedge-shaped nanostructures are designed and fabricated on molybdenum disulfide (MoS) monolayers, leading to plasmon-enhanced wideband absorption across the visible to near-infrared spectral range.

Cascading Water Activation and Interfacial Lattice Oxygen over Nanocluster CuO-Modified MnO for Electrocatalytic Propylene Oxidation.

Direct electrooxidation of propylene using water-oxidation intermediates represents a promising route for propylene glycol production. Unfortunately, this economic and environmentally friendly process suffers from low yield and poor Faradaic efficiency resulting from the mismatched oxidative capacity of reactive oxygen species and pronounced side reactions. Herein, we developed an earth-abundant metal-based nanocluster CuO-modified MnO catalyst for the efficient electrooxidation of propylene into propylene glycol, achieving a remarkable production rate of 63.

A post-modified lanthanide metal-organic frameworks as ratiometric luminescent sensor for the visual detection of 5-hydroxytryptamine.

5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), a key neurotransmitter, is an important biomarker for carcinoid syndrome. We herein construct a ratiometric luminescent sensor by covalently coupling fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC) with lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs). In the presence of 5-HT, the emission of FITC increases while the emission of Eu decreases, accompanied by a distinct color change of emission from orange to green.

All-Atom Perspective of the DENV-3 Methyltransferase Inhibition Mechanism.

The Dengue virus (DENV) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus with several antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-5). Dengue fever, as a major public health threat transmitted by mosquitoes, affects millions of people worldwide (especially in tropical and subtropical regions). Toward drug developments of DENV, the nonstructural protein 5 methyltransferase (MTase) serves as an attractive target.