STEAP3-SLC39A8-mediated microglia ferroptosis involved in neurotoxicity in rats after exposure to lead and cadmium combined.

The exposure of humans and animals to environmental compounds is rarely restricted to a single chemical. Unfortunately, very few studies were conducted to determine cadmium and lead combined effect. The aim of this study was to clarify the neurotoxicity induced by combined exposure to lead and cadmium and its mechanism of action.

SASH1 is a novel binding partner to disassemble Caskin1 tandem SAM homopolymer through heterogeneous SAM-SAM interaction.

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase (CASK) interaction protein 1/2 (Caskin1/2) is essential neuronal synaptic scaffold protein in nervous system development. Knockouts of Caskin1/2 display severe deficits in novelty recognition and spatial memory. The tandem sterile alpha motif (SAM) domains of Caskin1/2, also conserved in their Drosophila homolog Ckn, are known to form homopolymers, yet their dynamic regulation mechanism remains unclear.

Electron Delocalized Ni Active Sites in Spinel Catalysts Enable Efficient Urea Oxidation.

The urea oxidation reaction (UOR) has attracted much attention as an efficient alternative reaction to oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to its low required overpotential. Despite significant progress in efficient nickel-based catalysts, the fundamental issues regarding product selectivity control and dissociation mechanism during the UOR process have not been clarified. Here, we report that tuning the electron delocalization strength of Ni sites significantly affects the OH binding sites, altering urea molecule dissociation patterns in alkaline systems.

Water-Vapor-Triggered Dual-Mode Optical Responses in Rare-Earth-Doped Hollow Nanospheres.

Multimode responsive optical materials are garnering ever-increasing attention due to their diverse applications. This work showcases a film assembled with rare-earth-doped CaF hollow nanospheres that exhibit water-vapor-triggered dual-mode optical responses. Upon exposure to flowing water vapor, the film rapidly (less than 1.

Aberrance of GAP43/p-GAP43 Closely Associates with the Pathology of Neuron Loss in Prion-Infected Rodent Models.

Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by neuron damage and loss. Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) functions in neuronal plasticity and synaptic function, but its role in prion diseases is not fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the changes of GAP43 in the central nerve system (CNS) of several prion-infected rodent models and explored the potential relationship of GAP43 with PrP deposit and neuron loss using various methods.

Rational Design Dithieno[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-Based Polymers with Optimized Molecular Configuration and Charge Transfer for High-Performance All-Polymer Solar Cells.

Due to poor planarity and weak intermolecular interactions of acceptor units which have two-dimensional configuration, the development of related polymers is slow. In this work, we synthesized a dithieno[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-based unit substituted with fluorinated thiophene, which can effectively expand the area of the acceptor unit. Then, it paired with three different benzodithiophene-based donor units, and three new polymers of PQTF-BT, PQTF-BTCl and PQTF-DTCl were obtained.

Development of bait station to complement attract-and-kill agents of Zeugodacus tau (Diptera: Tephritidae).

Zeugodacus tau (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important agricultural pest currently managed primarily through the application of insecticides due to limited control strategies. Bait station devices are target specific and have emerged as a behaviorally based alternative to traditional insecticide sprays for managing Z. tau.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of high concentrations of hydrogen in the lung diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

As a small molecule, hydrogen is colorless, odorless and lightest. Many studies conducted that hydrogen can protect almost every organ, including the brain, heart muscle, liver, small intestine, and lungs. To verify whether high concentrations of hydrogen (HCH) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities on respiratory system, we product a systematic review and meta-analysis.

A retrospective study revealing complex viral diversity and a substantial burden of HPV infection in SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals, Sierra Leone.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical role of sequencing technology in disease control and outbreak response. However, resource limitations and challenging environments often impede such efforts in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the spectrum of viral co-infections, particularly with human viral pathogens, in SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals in Sierra Leone using metagenomic sequencing, evaluating the feasibility of utilizing this technology for epidemiological and evolutionary surveillance of pathogens related to public health in low-income environments.

Tryptophan supplements in high-carbohydrate diets by improving insulin response and glucose transport through PI3K-AKT-GLUT2 pathways in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala).

The aim of this experiment was to elucidate the metabolic ramifications of tryptophan supplementation in the context of high-carbohydrate diet-feeding, which is important for improving feeding strategies in aquaculture in order to improve fish carbohydrate metabolism. Juvenile blunt snout bream with an initial mean body mass of 55.0±0.

Flexible electrochemical energy storage devices and related applications: recent progress and challenges.

Given the escalating demand for wearable electronics, there is an urgent need to explore cost-effective and environmentally friendly flexible energy storage devices with exceptional electrochemical properties. However, the existing types of flexible energy storage devices encounter challenges in effectively integrating mechanical and electrochemical performances. This review is intended to provide strategies for the design of components in flexible energy storage devices (electrode materials, gel electrolytes, and separators) with the aim of developing energy storage systems with excellent performance and deformability.

Impacts of the cyromazine emergence inhibition procedure of Bactrocera dorsalis on Fopius arisanus: implications for the biological control of diptera pest.

Background: Fopius arisanus (Sonan) is an important egg-pupal endoparasitic wasp of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). As traditional method of sorting nonparasitic B. dorsalis from parasitic wasps is labor-intensive, requires specific equipment and poses the risk of spreading fertile hosts, the development of a more convenient, economical and safe sorting procedure is important.

Single-exposure quantitative differential interference contrast microscopy using bandlimited image and its Fourier transform constraints.

Phase microscopy that records the bandlimited image and its Fourier image simultaneously (BIFT) is a phase retrieval method with unique and rapid convergence. In this paper, we present a single-exposure quantitative differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy based on BIFT method. The contrasts of the recorded DIC image and its Fourier image, analyzed by simulation and experiment, can be largely improved by the initial phase difference between two sheared lights (bias), however their trends with biases are opposite.

Effective identification and differential analysis of anticancer peptides.

Anticancer peptides (ACPs) have recently emerged as promising cancer therapeutics due to their selectivity and lower toxicity. However, the number of experimentally validated ACPs is limited, and identifying ACPs from large-scale sequence data is time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, it is critical to develop and improve upon existing computational models for identifying ACPs.

Quantifying Methane Influx from Sewer into Wastewater Treatment Processes.

Wastewater treatment contributes substantially to methane (CH) emissions, yet monitoring and tracing face challenges because the treatment processes are often treated as a "black box". Particularly, despite growing interest, the amount of CH carryover and influx from the sewer and its impacts on overall emissions remain unclear. This study quantified CH emissions from six wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) across China, utilizing existing multizonal odor control systems, with a focus on Beijing and Guiyang WWTPs.

Enhanced anaerobic digestion performance and sludge filterability by membrane microaeration for anaerobic membrane bioreactor application.

Slow dissolution/hydrolysis of insoluble/macromolecular organics and poor sludge filterability restrict the application potential of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). Bubble-free membrane microaeration was firstly proposed to overcome these obstacles in this study. The batch anaerobic digestion tests feeding insoluble starch and soluble peptone with and without microaeration showed that microaeration led to a 65.

Expression of visfatin in gingival crevicular fluid and gingival tissues in different periodontal conditions: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Studies have shown that visfatin is an inflammatory factor closely related to periodontitis. We examined the levels of visfatin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and gingival tissues under different periodontal conditions, in order to provide more theoretical basis for exploring the role of visfatin in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.

Methods: We enrolled 87 subjects, with 43 in the chronic periodontitis (CP) group, 21 in the chronic gingivitis (CG) group, and 23 in the periodontal health (PH) group.

Aberrant Enhanced NLRP3 Inflammasomes and Cell Pyroptosis in the Brains of Prion-Infected Rodent Models Are Largely Associated with the Proliferative Astrocytes.

Neuroinflammation is a common pathological feature in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, which is mediated primarily by the activated glial cells. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-associated neuroinflammatory response is mostly considered. To investigate the situation of the NLRP3-related inflammation in prion disease, we assessed the levels of the main components of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream biomarkers in the scrapie-infected rodent brain tissues.

Icariin alleviates diabetic renal interstitial fibrosis aggravation by inhibiting miR-320a-3p targeting BMP6.

Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes, accumulating evidence underscores the pivotal role of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Although the mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy fibrosis have been the focus of many studies, only limited information is currently available concerning microRNA regulation in tubulointerstitial fibrosis.

Antennal transcriptome analysis of Psyttalia incisi (silvestri) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): identification and tissue expression profiling of candidate odorant-binding protein genes.

Background: Olfaction plays an important role in host-seeking by parasitoids, as they can sense chemical signals using sensitive chemosensory systems. Psyttalia incisi (Silvestri) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is the dominant parasitoid of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) in fruit-producing regions of southern China. The olfactory behavior of P.