A review on the pharmacokinetics of paeoniflorin and its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

Increasing pharmacological evidence supports that paeoniflorin, a water-soluble monoterpene glycoside isolated from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Shaoyao in Chinese), has a wide range of medicinal properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antithrombotic, anticonvulsive, analgesic, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, antidepressant-like, antitumoral, and immune-regulatory activities; as well as enhancing cognition and attenuating learning impairment. In addition to pharmacodynamic studies, information on pharmacokinetics is also significant for the further development and utilization of paeoniflorin.

Investigation of Efficacy Enhancing and Toxicity Reducing Mechanism of Combination of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Paeoniae Radix Alba in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Rats by Metabolomics.

Combination of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (FZ) and Paeoniae Radix Alba (BS) shows a significant effect in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy enhancing and toxicity reducing mechanism of combination of them in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats by metabolomics. Rats were randomly divided into seven groups, including A (healthy control), B (model control), C1 (therapy group), C2 (efficacy enhancing group), D1 (toxicity group), and D2 (toxicity reducing group), and dexamethasone group was used as positive control.

MicroRNA-197 controls ADAM10 expression to mediate MeCP2's role in the differentiation of neuronal progenitors.

Duplication of MECP2 (Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2) causes severe mental illness called MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS), yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here we show, in Tg(MECP2) transgenic mouse brain or cultured neural progenitor cells (NPCs), that elevated MeCP2 expression promotes NPC differentiation into neurons. Ectopic expression of MeCP2 inhibits ADAM10 and thus the NOTCH pathway during NPC differentiation.

Investigation of Liver Injury of Thunb. in Rats by Metabolomics and Traditional Approaches.

Liver injury induced by Thunb. (PM) have been reported since 2006, which aroused widespread concern. However, the toxicity mechanism of PM liver injury remained unclear.

[Effect of processing time of Polygoni Multiflori Radix on content changes of 16 componens].

To study 48 h processing time of Polygoni Multiflori Radix on its contents and changes of chemical components. HPLC was used to determine the contents of various components in 22 Polygoni Multiflori Radix samples with different processing time, and then the fingerprint similarity analysis and clustering analysis were used for characteristics analysis. Results showed that the similarity was between 0.

Simultaneous Determination and Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Fuzi Water-Soluble Alkaloids between Normal and Acute Heart Failure Rats by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Method.

In order to compare the pharmacokinetics of Fuzi water-soluble alkaloids between normal and acute heart failure rats, an ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method for simultaneous determination of it in rat plasma was developed. Plasma samples were treated by protein precipitation method. Seven water-soluble alkaloids were separated on a CAPCELL column and detected under the optimized chromatography condition.

A New Strategy for Quality Evaluation and Identification of Representative Chemical Components in Thunb.

Thunb. (HSW) is widely used as herb medicine and health food additive. Recently, a series of HSW-induced hepatotoxicities have been reported and many studies have been carried out to investigate it.

The Effects of Rheum palmatum L. on the Pharmacokinetic of Major Diterpene Alkaloids of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. in Rats.

Background And Objectives: Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. (Fuzi) is usually compatible with Rheum palmatum L. (Dahuang) in clinic.

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability study of neoline in Beagle dogs.

This paper is aim to investigate the pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of neoline in Beagle dogs, and provide a theoretical basis for further study. Ethyl acetate was used for liquid-liquid extracting after 10% ammonia alkalizing. The method of UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was established for the determination of neoline plasma concentrations.

The application of HPLC-MS/MS to studies of pharmacokinetics and interconversion of isoliquiritigenin and neoisoliquiritigenin in rats.

A specific and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneously quantification of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) and neoisoliquiritin (NIS) in rat plasma by oral administration. Analytes were analyzed on an Agilent 6460 LC-MS/MS system (Agilent, USA) using an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm).

Development and Validation of an UPLC-Q-TOF-MS Method for Quantification of Fuziline in Beagle Dog After Intragastric and Intravenous Administration.

A specific and sensitive UPLC-Q-TOF-MS method operated in the positive ion mode was developed and validated for the quantification of Fuziline in Beagle dog plasma. Fuziline and Neoline internal standard were separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column with the total running time of 4 min using gradient elution at the flow rate of 0.25 mL/min.

SHANK1 and autism spectrum disorders.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are highly heterogeneous pediatric developmental disorders with estimated heritability more than 70%. Although the genetic factors in ASD are mainly unknown, a large number of gene mutations have been found, especially in genes involved in neurogenesis. The Neurexin-Neuroligin-Shank (NRXN-NLGN-SHANK) pathway plays a key role in the formation, maturation and maintenance of synapses, consistent with the hypothesis of neurodevelopmental abnormality in ASD.

Macular auto-fluorescence is a follow-up parameter for cystoids macular edema.

This study aimed to evaluate if macular autofluorescence (MAF) is a valuable, non-invasive follow-up parameter for cystoid macular edema. A total of 71 eyes (71 cases) with cystoid macular edema (CME) were included in the study. Macular pigment (MP) was evaluated using HRA2 (infrared) IF and FA models.

The Influence of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. on the Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Main Components in Rheum palmatum L.

Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicines, and the compatibility of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata was the basic herb pair applied in many Chinese traditional prescription. Rhubarb anthraquinones were the main bioactive materials of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. To elucidate the compatibility of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, the pharmacokinetics of rhubarb anthraquinones as the main marker constituents were investigated.

The synergism mechanism of Rhubarb Anthraquinones on constipation elucidated by comparative pharmacokinetics of Rhubarb extract between normal and diseased rats.

In the study, it was hypothesized that Rhubarb Anthraquinones synergistically enhanced the purgative effect on constipation rat from the direct and indirect pathway at the same time. A validated HPLC method was successfully applied to elucidate the synergism mechanism from pharmacokinetics aspect after oral administration of Rhubarb extract with a dose of 0.25 g to normal and constipation rats.

Development and validation of a UHPLC-qTOF-MS method for quantification of fuziline in rat plasma and its application in a pharmacokinetic study.

A specific and sensitive UHPLC-qTOF-MS method was developed and validated for quantification of fuziline in rat plasma after oral administration of three dosages. The analyte was separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column with a total running time of 3 min using a mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and methanol (80:20, v/v) at a flow-rate of 0.

Genetic variants reducing MTR gene expression increase the risk of congenital heart disease in Han Chinese populations.

Aims: Elevated homocysteine levels are known to be a risk factor for congenital heart disease (CHD), but the mechanism underlying this effect is unknown. During early embryonic development, homocysteine removal is dictated exclusively by the MTR activity. To examine the role of MTR in CHD risk, we identified genetic variants in MTR and investigated the mechanisms that affect its expression levels and that increase the risk of CHD in Chinese populations.

[Study on the risk of HBV infection among spouses of HBsAg carriers].

Objective: To investigate the risk of HBV infection among the spouses of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and to provide a reference for developing strategies on hepatitis B control and prevention.

Methods: A case-control study including HBsAg carriers aged 20 - 45 years-old from the nationwide sero-epidemiological survey for Hepatitis B in both Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces in 2006, together with their spouses were selected as case group, while. HBsAg negative persons and their spouses were among the control groups, under the same residential areas, gender, age and age of marriage to the HBsAg carriers.

Determination of phillygenin in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application to pharmacokinetic studies.

The research group has been dedicated to the study of Fructus Forsythiae which was used widely in traditional Chinese medicines. And some research results have been accepted in Chinese Pharmacopeia. In a recent study, phillygenin was found to be a potential "metabolite" of phillyrin and the effective material of phillyrin may be changed according to the in vivo pharmacokinetic process.

[A clinical study of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of Leber hereditary optic neurology (LHON) patients with different primary site mutation.

Methods: Four hundred and fourteen patients with optic neuropathy were divided into three groups: clinically diagnosed LHON group (group A), probable LHON group (group B), optic neuropathy of unknown reason group (group C). Visual acuity (VA), colour vision, Intraocular pressure (IOP), virtual field and visual evoked potential (VEP) were tested for all the patients.

[Study on antibody response to revaccination of hepatitis B vaccine among firstly low-response adults].

Objective: To evaluate and compare the antibody to hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (anti-HBs) response and the influent factors of revaccination of 4 kinds of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) among firstly low-response adults.

Methods: A total of 11 590 adults who were 18 - 49 years old, never received HepB vaccination, without HBV infection history, HBs-Ag negative, and had been living at 3 towns of Zhangqiu county in Shandong province Ji'nan city for more than half a year, were selected in the study in July, 2009. Self-designed questionnaire was used to select the basic information of the subjects.

[Comparison on the antibody response after primary immunization of 5 µg and 10 µg hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinant DNA techniques among newborns].

Objective: To compare the antibody response induced by primary immunization with 5 µg and 10 µg hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinant DNA techniques among the newborns.

Methods: Healthy infants who had completed primary immunization with 5 µg hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinant dexyribonucleic acid techniques in Saccharomyces (Hep-SC) or 10 µg hepatitis B vaccine made by recombinant dexyribonucleic acid techniques in Hansenula polymorpha (HepB-HP) were included in the study. Kids under study were 7-12 months of age and had been on 0-1-6 schedule.