Clinical symptoms and immune injury reflected by low CD4/CD8 ratio should increase the suspicion of HIV coinfection with tuberculosis.

Background: Patients who are coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV) and (TB) benefit from timely diagnosis and treatment. In the present study frequencies of CD3, CD4, and CD8 T cells among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients in the Kashi region of China infected with HIV, TB, and both HIV and TB (HIV-TB) were investigated to provide a basis for rapid identification of coinfected patients.

Methods: A total of 62 patients with HIV, TB, or HIV-TB who were first hospitalized at our institution were included in the study, as were 30 controls.

Machine learning identifies prominent factors associated with cardiovascular disease: findings from two million adults in the Kashgar Prospective Cohort Study (KPCS).

Background: Identifying factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is critical for its prevention, but this topic is scarcely investigated in Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang, northwestern China. We thus explored the CVD epidemiology and identified prominent factors associated with CVD in this region.

Methods: A total of 1,887,710 adults at baseline (in 2017) of the Kashgar Prospective Cohort Study were included in the analysis.

Short and long-term prognosis of admission hyperglycemia in patients with and without diabetes after acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Admission hyperglycemia is associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but the effects of baseline diabetes status on this association remain elusive. We aim to investigate the impact of admission hyperglycemia on short and long-term outcomes in diabetic and non-diabetic AMI patients.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 3330 patients with regard to first-time AMI between July 2012 and July 2020 were identified.

Distribution and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage in Kashgar prefecture.

Objectives: Kashgar prefecture is an important transportation and trade hub with a high incidence of tuberculosis. The following study analyzed the composition and differences in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) lineage and specific tags to distinguish the lineage of the M.

Green space and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Exposure to green space has been proposed to be beneficially associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Many studies have explored this topic, but the results remain conflicting. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiological evidence on this topic by performing a systematic review with meta-analysis.

The rs74794265 SNP of the Gene is Associated with COPD in Kashi, China.

Background: Kashi city is situated near the Taklamakan desert and has a high incidence rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between the SNP of the gene locus rs74794265 and the susceptibility to COPD among the Uyghur population in Kashi, XinJiang, China.

Methods: A total of 541 patients with COPD and 534 control subjects were included in this study.

Advances in Cardiac Computed Tomography Functional Imaging Technology.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among patients in China, and cardiac computed tomography (CT) is one of the most commonly used examination methods for CVD. Coronary artery CT angiography can be used for the morphologic evaluation of the coronary artery. At present, cardiac CT functional imaging has become an important direction of development of CT.

Cervical Screening by Pap Test and Visual Inspection Enabling Same-Day Biopsy in Low-Resource, High-Risk Communities.

Objective: To develop an effective, low-cost, single-visit cervical screening strategy incorporating a modified Pap test and visual inspection with acetic acid and Lugol's iodine for low-income settings.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort trial. Two low-income Muslim Uyghur communities in China's far western Kashi Prefecture served as pilot and validation study sites, respectively, and 4,049 women (aged 30-59 years) were screened.

Associations of Polymorphism of rs9944155, rs1051052, and rs1243166 Locus Allele in Alpha-1-antitrypsin with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Uygur Population of Kashgar Region.

Background: Previous studies conducted in various geographical and ethnical populations have shown that Alpha-1-antitrypsin (Alpha-1-AT) expression affects the occurrence and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to explore the associations of rs9944155AG, rs1051052AG, and rs1243166AG polymorphisms in the Alpha-1-AT gene with the risk of COPD in Uygur population in the Kashgar region.

Methods: From March 2013 to December 2015, a total of 225 Uygur COPD patients and 198 healthy people were recruited as cases and controls, respectively, in Kashgar region.

CSTB Downregulation Promotes Cell Proliferation and Migration and Suppresses Apoptosis in Gastric Cancer SGC-7901 Cell Line.

This study aimed to investigate the pivotal role of cystatin B (CSTB) in the development of gastric cancer and to explore its possible regulatory mechanism. Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells as a model in vitro were transfected with plasmid PCDNA3.1-CSTB and siRNA-CSTB using Lipofectamine 2000.

Overweight and obesity among low-income Muslim Uyghur women in far western China: correlations of body mass index with blood lipids and implications in preventive public health.

Background: The pandemic of obesity is a global public health concern. Most studies on obesity are skewed toward high-income and urban settings and few covers low-income populations. This study focused on the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their correlations with blood lipids/metabolites/enzymes (bio-indicators) in a rural community typical of low-income in remote western China.

Implementing a cervical cancer awareness program in low- income settings in Western China: a community-based locally affordable intervention for risk reduction.

Background: Some 60 years after introduction of the Papanicolaou smear worldwide, cervical cancer remains a burden in developing countries where >85% of world new cases and deaths occur, suggesting a failure to establish comprehensive cervical-cancer control programs. Effective interventions are available to control cervical cancer but are not all affordable in low-income settings. Disease awareness saves lives by risk-reduction as witnessed in reducing mortality of HIV/AIDS and smoking-related cancers.

Stat6 activity-related Th2 cytokine profile and tumor growth advantage of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (Stat6) is critical in Th2 polarization of immune cells and active Stat6 activity has been suggested in anti-tumor immunity in animal models. The present study aims at investigating the impact of natural Stat6 activity on tumor microenvironment in human colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Using colorectal cancer cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2 whose IL-4/Stat6 activities were known and nude mice as a model, we examined correlative relationships between Stat6 activities and gene expression profiles together with cellular behaviors in vitro and in vivo.

[Restoration of molar residual roots and crowns with multiple canals by unparalleled posts: an evaluation].

Objective: To repair the residual roots and crowns of the molars with multi-canals using unparalleled posts and cores and ceramic crowns.

Methods: Unparalleled insertion of the posts and cores was adopted in the casting of the ceramic crown to repair the residual roots and crowns of the molars.

Results And Conclusion: Unparalleled insertion of the posts increased the retention strength of the cores, which provided a solid foundation for the restoration of the molars with ceramic crowns, therefore yielding better clinical effect in repairing the molars.