A torus source and its application for non-primary radiation evaluation.

. Non-primary radiation doses to normal tissues from proton therapy may be associated with an increased risk of secondary malignancies, particularly in long-term survivors. Thus, a systematic method to evaluate if the dose level of non-primary radiation meets the IEC standard requirements is needed.

Homocysteine, hypertension, and risks of cardiovascular events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population: a prospective study.

Background: Increased homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death. However, their prevention has not been effective in decreasing CVD risk. This study investigated the individual and combined associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with incident CVD events and all-cause death in the Chinese elderly population without a history of CVD.

Scutellaria barbata Flavonoids Improve the Composited Aβ-induced Abnormal Changes in Glial Cells of the Brains of Rats.

Aim: It has been reported that glial cells are involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In our previous research, Scutellaria barbata flavonoids (SBFs) were found to protect the AD-like rats from neuronal disorder and memory impairment; however, the effect of SBFs on the glial cells disorder in AD-like rats has been less studied. The effects of SBFs on astrocytes (ASs), microglial cells (MGs), and oligodendrocytes (Ols), as well as heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE), were investigated in the present study.

[Effect evaluation of over 5 year follow up of unilateral pedicle screw fixation with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for lumbar degenerative diseases].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of over 5 year follow up of unilateral pedicle screw fixation with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(TLIF) in treating lumbar degenerative diseases.

Methods: The clinical data of 24 patients with lumbar degenerative disease underwent unilateral pedicle screw fixation with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion from March 2007 to October 2009, were retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 11 females, aged from 34 to 68 years old with an average of 52 years.

Flavonoids from Scutellaria attenuate okadaic acid-induced neuronal damage in rats.

Primary Objective: To study the effect of flavonoids isolated from aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SSF) on cerebral damage induced by okadaic acid (OA) in rats.

Methods And Procedures: OA was microinjected into the right lateral ventricle of male rats at a dose of 200 ng kg(-1) twice with a 3-day interval between injections to establish a model of Alzheimer's-disease-like cerebral damage. Neuronal morphology was observed with thionin staining and the expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and β-amyloid peptide 1-40 (Aβ1-40) were monitored via immunohistochemistry.

A pilot study on the correlation of tongue manifestation with the site of cerebral infarction in patients with stroke.

Objective: To discuss the correlation of tongue manifestation with the site of cerebral infarction in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Methods: From March 2008 to February 2009, 200 cases of hospitalized patients with first unilateral cerebral infarction were chosen in the Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital. The correlation of different tongue color, fur texture, fur color with the site of cerebral infarction was analyzed.

A pilot study on the relationship between tongue manifestation and the degree of neurological impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objective: To discuss the relationship between tongue manifestation and the degree of neurological impairment in the patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Methods: Two hundred patients with first unilateral cerebral infarction were recruited. The relationship between different tongue manifestation and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were analyzed.

[Feasibility analysis of wavelet index for monitoring the depth of anesthesia in patients undergoing general anesthesia].

Objective: To evaluate the value of wavelet index (WLI) in general anesthesia through a comparison of WLI with bispectral index (BIS).

Methods: A total of 53 patients scheduled for elective surgery with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) I-II were selected to undergo general anesthesia. The monitoring probes of BIS, WLI and muscle relaxation were connected in awaking patients.

[A cohort study on mortality and risk of death among population diagnosis as dementia, at base-line survey, in Beijing].

Objective: To study the mortality and risk of death on dementia among ageing population.

Methods: A random sample including 2788 elderly residents was studied. Dementia was diagnosed under the two-phase procedure in 1997.

[Study on the incidence and risk factors of dementia in elderly residents from communities in Beijing].

Objective: To study the incidence of dementia and its risk factors among the elderly living in the community of Beijing.

Methods: A sample of 2788 elderly residents from Beijing were investigated regarding the incidence of dementia which was diagnosed using two-stage method in 1997. In the first stage, questionnaire was filled, including MMSE checked up.

[Effect of BuYangHuanWu recipe on cerebral microcirculation in gerbils with ischemia-reperfusion].

Objective: To explore the protective mechanism of BuYangHuanWu recipe on neurofunction in gerbils with cerebral ischemia- reperfusion.

Methods: Gerbils (n = 48) were divided randomly into three groups: animal model group, BuYangHuanWu recipe group, and sham control group. The animal model of cerebral ischemia was established using bilateral common carotid artery occlusion followed by unclamp 45 min after occlusion.

[The comparison of different antigens in enzyme-linked immunospot assay for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.].

Objective: To compare different Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) for the auxiliary diagnosis of active tuberculosis.

Methods: The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with tuberculosis and controls were co-cultured with the following antigens: purified protein derivative (PPD), early secretory antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6) and early secretory antigenic target-6/culture filtrate protein-10 fusion protein (ESAT-6/CFP-10). Spot forming cells (SFC) were enumerated by ELISPOT.

[Role of enzyme-linked immunospot assay and tuberculin skin test in the auxiliary diagnosis of initial pulmonary tuberculosis].

Objective: To compare enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) and tuberculin skin test (TST) and explore their roles in the auxiliary diagnosis of initial pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods: Totally 123 patients with initial pulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis group) and 102 patients with non-tuberculosis pulmonary disease (control group) were enrolled. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells of all participants were co-cultured with early secretiny antigen target-6/culture filtrate protein-10 fusion protein (ESAT-6/CFP-10), and spot forming cells (SFCs) were enumerated by ELISPOT (ESAT-6/CFP-10-ELISPOT).

[Study on the relationship between somatic health and incidence of depression in the elderly].

Objective: In order to explore the risk factors of geriatric depression, a longitudinal follow-up study was conducted on elderly population living in the community so as to provide evidence for the development of depression prevention and control.

Methods: A sampled population consisting 2506 elderly was selected from urban and rural communities in Beijing, using well-established sampling techniques as cluster, stratification and random selection. Data was collected by trained staff members, using standard survey instruments in 2000 and 2004.

[The relationship between coronary atherosclerotic stenosis and cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis].

Objective: To observe the relationship between coronary and carotid/cerebral atherosclerotic stenosis.

Methods: Carotid/aortocranial angiography and coronary angiography were performed in 34 CAD patients complicated with symptomatic cerebral ischemia. Patients were divided into 3 subgroups according to the extent of arterial stenosis determined by angiography.

[Study on the isolated systolic hypertension and its prognosis among 2866 elderly residents at the community level in Beijing].

Objective: We followed a group of community residents above 60 years old to investigate how isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) could influence the prognosis in the long run among the elderly.

Methods: A selected sample of 60 year olds and over from the Beijing residential communities was randomized ascertained to a longitudinal study. Baseline data was collected in 1993 and 11 years later in 2004, the all-cause death, mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were observed and analyzed.

[A comprehansive evaluation on stroke prevalence among elderly in urban and rural areas of Beijing, 2002].

Objective: To describe the prevalence and disability of stroke as well as the stroke-related diseases among elderly in urban and rural regions of Beijing.

Methods: In 2002, three communities were selected from urban, suburb and rural regions from Beijing areas, respectively. Twenty percent of the elderly were randomly selected from three communities.

[Evaluation of predictive effect of some health-related indices on deaths among ageing residents through a 8-years' follow-up study in Beijing].

Objective: To study the predictive effects of some health status indicators to deaths in the elderly population.

Methods: In 1992, a cohort of 3257 people older than 55 years old was formed from Beijing urban and suburb area. Demographic and information of activity of daily living (ADL), self-rated health (SRH), chronic diseases history and other related variables were collected at baseline survey in 1992.

[An epidemiological survey on fusion of deciduous teeth of 4286 kindergarten children in Shenyang city].

Objective: To clarify the occurrence and distribution of the fusion of deciduous teeth in Shenyang.

Methods: By using cross-sectional study, 4286 children were examined, who aged from 2 to 6 years in 37 kindergartens.

Results: Of 4286 children investigated, fusion of the deciduous teeth were detected in 65 children (1.

[Study on the relationship between self-rated health situation and health status in the elderly-an 8-year follow-up study from Multidimentional Longitudinal Study of Aging in Beijing].

Objective: To study the relationship between self-rated health (SRH) and prevalence of chronic diseases, and all-cause mortality in the elderly population.

Methods: In 1992, a cohort of 3257 people > or = 55 years old was selected from Beijing, the information of SRH and other related variables were collected from 3 157 subjects at the baseline survey. Three follow-up surveys were conducted in 1994, 1997 and 2000, respectively.

Vortex dynamics in oscillatory chemical systems.

Vortex core dynamics is studied in the Brusselator both near to and far from the Hopf bifurcation line for random and pair initial conditions. Extensive simulations are carried out for a pair of counter-rotating vortices close to the Hopf bifurcation line. Provided the vortices are not so far apart that wave-front annihilation produces strong gradients between their centers, the simulation results compare favorably with theories based on the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation.