Enhanced probabilistic prediction of pavement deterioration using Bayesian neural networks and cuckoo search optimization.

The predictive performance of probabilistic pavement condition deterioration is critical for effective maintenance and rehabilitation decisions. Currently, numerous improved models exist, but few rely on probabilistic models to improve pavement deterioration prediction. Therefore, this study proposed an improved probabilistic model for pavement deterioration prediction based on the coupling of Bayesian neural network (BNN) and cuckoo search (CS) algorithm.

The late-onset Alzheimer's disease risk factor RHBDF2 is a modifier of microglial TREM2 proteolysis.

The cell surface receptor TREM2 is a key genetic risk factor and drug target in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the brain, TREM2 is expressed in microglia, where it undergoes proteolytic cleavage, linked to AD risk, but the responsible protease in microglia is still unknown. Another microglial-expressed AD risk factor is catalytically inactive rhomboid 2 (iRhom2, RHBDF2), which binds to and acts as a non-catalytic subunit of the metalloprotease ADAM17.

Characterization of quercetin-ovalbumin complexes stabilizing emulsions: A perspective on the complex binding mechanism.

Ovalbumin (OVA) is widely used in the food industry for its extremely rich nutritional value and special functional properties. Quercetin (Q) is a polyphenol with antioxidant and antibacterial properties. However, due to poor water solubility, the bioavailability of Q is greatly reduced.

Influence of effective decay constant uncertainty on radon exhalation rate measurement from medium surfaces using CR-39.

The CR-39 solid-state nuclear track detector is a commonly used instrument for passively measuring radon. When using CR-39 to measure the radon exhalation rate from the surface of a medium, the effects of leakage are often overlooked. However, to a certain extent, system leakage can affect the accuracy of the measurement results.

PD-1/L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for KRAS-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective real-world study.

Background: KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) gene mutation is one of the common driver gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with poor prognosis. There are limited effective treatments for advanced NSCLC patients with KRAS mutation. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PD-1/L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a first-line immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC patients harboring KRAS oncogene mutation.

Therapeutic Targeting of Decr1 Ameliorates Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation in Diabetic Mice.

Background: A significant increase in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is now increasingly recognized as one of the metabolic alterations in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial FAO impairment in DCM remain to be fully elucidated.

Methods: A type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model was established by a combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) injection.

Identification of DAP3 as candidate prognosis marker and potential therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Among malignant tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is both prevalent and highly lethal. Most patients with advanced-stage liver cancer have a poor prognosis. Death-associated protein 3 (DAP3) is reportedly related to tumors and may hold great promise for the future.

Midkine, a novel MCP-1 activator mediated PM2.5-aggravated experimental pulmonary fibrosis.

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Pathological alterations in IPF typically originate in the subpleural regions of the lungs.

Rennet-assisted modification for enhanced freeze-thaw stability in sodium caseinate-stabilized high internal phase emulsions.

Poor freeze-thaw stability seriously limits the application of Pickering emulsions in the frozen food industry. This study developed sodium caseinate-stabilized high internal phase emulsions (NaCas-HIPEs) with enhanced freeze-thaw stability through rennet modification. The freeze-thaw stability and 3D printing properties of NaCas-HIPEs significantly improved as rennet addition increased from 0 % to 0.

The novel Bacillus thuringiensis HSY204 as a potential bioinsecticide with efficacy against Aedes aegypti larvae.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), renowned for its potential, rapid action and environmental sustainability, remains an understudied group, particularly in newly identified strains. In this study, we screened a novel Bt strain, HSY204, extracted from soil samples. Our results revealed that HSY204 belonged to a new species of Bt with remarkable efficacy against Aedes aegypti larvae.

Thiazolium-Linked Crystalline Porous Covalent Organic Frameworks for Mixed Electronic-Ionic Transport.

Developing efficiently mixed electronic-ionic (MEI) conductive microcosmic pathways within a single functional material is essential yet challenging for electronic devices. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) feature pre-designed functionalities and uniform pores, making them highly desirable platforms for transporting electrons and ions. However, for MEI conductive COFs, achieving high crystallinity when incorporating high-density ionic groups within the extensively π-electron delocalized skeletons remain a challenge due to intermolecular interactions.

N200 and late components reveal text-emoji congruency effect in affective theory of mind.

Emojis are thought to be important for online communication, affecting not only our emotional state, but also our ability to infer the sender's emotional state, i.e., the affective theory of mind (aToM).

Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Provides Insights into Ovule Abortion in .

is a unique woody edible oil tree species in China, and the ovule development affects the yield of seeds. This study selected three different types of clones and used LC-MS, RNA-seq, and other techniques to compare the endogenous hormone contents, gene expression levels, and metabolite changes between normal and aborted ovules. The results showed that high levels of ABA, JA, and SA may lead to the phenotype of ovule abortion.

Theory-Guided Design of N-Confused Porphyrinic Covalent Organic Frameworks for Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) enable the precise and controlled synthesis of single-atom catalysts with uniformly distributed active metal centers, offering opportunities to elucidate the impact of subtle coordination environment changes on the catalytic performance. Inspired by N-confused porphyrins, we designed 20 metalloporphyrin-based COFs with either M-NC or M-N centers, where M refers to 3 transition metals from Sc to Zn, for the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Density functional theory calculations predicted Co-based COFs to be the best ORR catalysts among the screened catalysts.

Insect Resistance to Insecticides: Causes, Mechanisms, and Exploring Potential Solutions.

Insecticides play a crucial role as the primary means of controlling agricultural pests, preventing significant damage to crops. However, the misuse of these insecticides has led to the development of resistance in insect pests against major classes of these chemicals. The emergence of resistance poses a serious threat, especially when alternative options for crop protection are limited for farmers.

Transforming 2D Imine into 3D Thiazole Covalent Organic Frameworks by Conjugated Connectors: Fully Conjugated Photocatalysts.

We developed a robust three-dimensional (3D) covalent organic framework (COF), fully conjugated in both the planar (, ) and interlayer () directions, using a one-pot sulfurization process. We converted the two-dimensional (2D) imine-linked COF (Py-BDA-COF) to the 3D thiazole-linked COF (3D-Py-BDA-S-COF). In the interlayer direction (-axis), the alternating covalently bound acetylene and ethylene arrangements serve as conjugated connectors ("pillars") and create a fully conjugated and very robust COF in all three dimensions.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the sensitivity of immunotherapy for unresectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: To construct a prediction model consisting of metabolites and proteins in peripheral blood plasma to predict whether patients with unresectable stage III and IV non-small cell lung cancer can benefit from immunotherapy before it is administered.

Methods: Peripheral blood plasma was collected from unresectable stage III and IV non-small cell lung cancer patients who were negative for driver mutations before receiving immunotherapy. Then we classified samples according to the follow-up results after two courses of immunotherapy and non-targeted metabolomics and proteomics analyses were performed to select different metabolites and proteins.

Encapsulation of oleanolic acid into cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks by co-crystallization: Preparation, structure characterization and its effect on a zebrafish larva NAFLD model.

Oleanolic acid (OA) is a common pentacyclic triterpenoid and has been used to relieve metabolic-related diseases. However, its low water solubility severely limits its clinical application. In this study, OA was encapsulated by a cyclodextrin metal-organic framework material (CD-MOF) using the co-crystallization method to obtain the OA and CD-MOF inclusion complex (OA@CD-MOF).

Lipids dysregulation in diseases: core concepts, targets and treatment strategies.

Lipid metabolism is a well-regulated process essential for maintaining cellular functions and energy homeostasis. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is associated with various conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndromes. This review explores the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism, emphasizing the roles of key lipid species such as triglycerides, phospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterols in cellular physiology and pathophysiology.

Development and validation of a prognostic model based on disulfidptosis-related ferroptosis genes: and as biomarkers for predicting prognosis in colon cancer.

Background: Disulfidptosis and ferroptosis are emerging cell death modalities crucial to cancer progression, yet their prognostic potential in colon cancer (CC) remains underexplored. This study develops and validates a prognostic model based on and , two genes involved in key biological processes in CC. regulates cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, while enhances glucose uptake via the Warburg effect, promoting tumor growth.

Insight into the binding mechanism of rutin and lysozyme: Based on spectroscopy and molecular simulation technology.

Lysozyme (LYZ) is an excellent natural food preservative and can also be used as a bioactive carrier loading small molecules to enhance its stability and antioxidant properties. This research explored the intricate mechanism of interaction between LYZ and rutin. Multiple spectroscopic techniques was used first to confirm that rutin caused a fluorescence burst in LYZ.

Chinese clinical practice guidelines for pediatric split liver transplantation.

Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage liver disease in children, and its clinical efficacy has been validated. Split liver transplantation (SLT) can effectively expand the donor liver pool for children. SLT for children has unique clinical characteristics and principles.

The emerging role and therapeutical implications of ferroptosis in wound healing.

Wound healing is a complex biological process involving multiple steps, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. A novel form of regulated cell death, ferroptosis, has garnered attention because of its involvement in these processes. Ferroptosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and is tightly regulated by lipid metabolism, iron metabolism, and the lipid-peroxide repair network, all of which exert a significant influence on wound healing.

Clinical and imaging risk factors for early neurological deterioration and long-term neurological disability in patients with single subcortical small infarction.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the clinical and imaging risk factors for early neurological deterioration (END) and long-term neurological disability in patients with Single subcortical small infarction (SSSI).

Methods: We retrospectively included SSSI patients hospitalized. Outcomes were defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score > 2 at follow-up and the occurrence of END during hospitalization.

A starch‑sodium alginate interpenetrating network enhances the structure, texture, and starch digestibility of extruded buckwheat noodles: Regulatory effects of mannuronate/guluronate ratios and calcium ion concentrations.

The regulatory effects of different mannuronate/guluronate ratios in sodium alginate (SA) and calcium ion (Ca) concentrations on the structure and properties of starch-SA interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)-enhanced extruded buckwheat noodles were investigated. The thermal stability of buckwheat noodles was improved by increasing the G block proportion, and 1% Ca concentration led to the highest thermal stability. With increasing G proportion and Ca concentration, cooking loss and elongation at break of extruded noodles gradually decreased.