Insight into the Mechanism of CO Chemical Fixation into Epoxides by Windmill-Shaped Polyoxovanadate and -BuNX (X = Br, I).

Carbon dioxide (CO) coupled with epoxide to generate cyclic carbonate stands out in carbon neutrality due to its 100% atom utilization. In this work, the mechanism of CO cycloaddition with propylene oxide (PO) cocatalyzed by windmill-shaped polyoxovanadate, [(CNH)(CHO)VVO]·4CHOH (V-1), and -BuNX (X = Br, I) was thoroughly investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The ring-opening, CO-insertion, and ring-closing steps of the process were extensively studied.

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of acute injury to the anterior talofibular ligament.

Injury to the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is a common acute injury of the lateral foot ligament. Untimely and improper treatment significantly affects the quality of life and rehabilitation progress of patients. The purpose of this paper is to review the anatomy and the current methods of diagnosis and treatment of acute injury to the ATFL.

Variations in pleural microbiota and metabolic phenotype associated with malignant pleural effusion in human lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer-related death worldwide. In 2022, the number of daily deaths of lung cancer was estimated to reach around 350 in the United States. Lung adenocarcinoma is the main subtype of lung cancer and patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) suffer from poor prognosis.

Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment progress of achalasia of cardia.

Achalasia cardia, type of esophageal dynamic disorder, is a relatively rare primary motor esophageal disease characterized by the functional loss of plexus ganglion cells in the distal esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter. Loss of function of the distal and lower esophageal sphincter ganglion cells is the main cause of achalasia cardia, and is more likely to occur in the elderly. Histological changes in the esophageal mucosa are considered pathogenic; however, studies have found that inflammation and genetic changes at the molecular level may also cause achalasia cardia, resulting in dysphagia, reflux, aspiration, retrosternal pain, and weight loss.

The airway microbiota of non-small cell lung cancer patients and its relationship to tumor stage and EGFR gene mutation.

Background: Accumulating studies have suggested the airway microbiota in lung cancer patients is significantly different from that of healthy controls. However, little is known about the relationship between airway microbiota and important clinical parameters of lung cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between sputum microbiota and lung cancer stage, lymph node metastasis, intrathoracic metastasis, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation.

A Calix[4]resorcinarene-Based [Co] Coordination Cage for Highly Efficient Cycloaddition of CO to Epoxides.

The design and synthesis of polynuclear metal cluster-based coordination cages is of considerable interest due to their appealing structural characteristics and potential applications. Herein, we report a calix[4]resorcinarene-based [Co] coordination cage, [Co(TPC4R-I)(1,3-BDC)(μ-OH)(HO)(DMF)]·7DMF·23HO (), assembled with 2 bowl-shaped calix[4]resorcinarenes (TPC4R-I), 10 angular 1,3-benzenedicarboxylates (1,3-BDC), and 12 Co(II) cations. Remarkably, it is shown to be a highly efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for CO conversion due to its exposed Co(II) Lewis acid sites.

Theoretical Insight into the Performance of Mn-Monosubstituted Heteropolytungstates as Water Oxidation Catalysts.

The performance of Mn-monosubstituted heteropolytungstates [Mn(HO)GeWO] ([GT-Mn-OH], where GT = GeWO) and [Mn(HO)GeWO] ([GT-Mn-OH]) as water oxidation catalysts at pH 9 was explored using density functional theory calculations. The counterion effect was fully considered, in which five and six Na ions were included in the calculations for water oxidation catalyzed by [GT-Mn-OH] and [GT-Mn-OH], respectively. The process of water oxidation catalysis was divided into three elemental stages: (i) oxidative activation, (ii) O-O bond formation, and (iii) O evolution.

Oropharyngeal and Sputum Microbiomes Are Similar Following Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Growing evidence suggests that the airway microbiota might be involved in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Understanding this relationship requires examination of a large-scale population for a long duration to accurately monitor changes in the microbiome. This type of longitudinal study requires an appropriate sampling strategy; two options are the collection of sputum or oropharyngeal swabs.

Meta-analysis of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization plus radiofrequency ablation versus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization alone for hepatocellular carcinoma.

This meta-analysis was conducted to compare transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with TACE alone for hepatocellular carcinoma. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL for all relative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies until October 31 2016. Tumor response, recurrence-free survival, overall survival and postoperative complications were the major evaluation indices.

Meta-analysis of laparoscopic versus open liver resection for colorectal liver metastases.

Background: To compare surgical and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic versus open liver resection for colorectal liver metastases.

Results: A total of 14 retrospective studies with 1679 colorectal liver metastases patients were analyzed: 683 patients treated with laparoscopic liver resection and 996 patients with open liver resection. With respect to surgical outcomes, laparoscopic compared with open liver resection was associated with lower blood loss (MD, -216.

Mesenchymal stem cells promote pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells invasion by transforming growth factor-β1 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be ideal delivery vehicles for antitumor biological agents in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA). While the role of MSCs in tumor growth is elusive. Inflammation is an important feature of PA.

A 10-year experience with hepatic trauma in a Chinese level one trauma center.

Objectives: To analyze strategies of operative management (OM) and non-operative management (NOM), mortality, and morbidity of hepatic trauma patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 296 consecutive patients with hepatic trauma at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 101st Hospital of PLA, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China a single level one trauma center between January 2003 and December 2012. Data on demographics, mechanism of trauma, American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grade, initial management, and outcome were collected for this study.