Nitric Oxide-Releasing Mesoporous Hollow Cerium Oxide Nanozyme-Based Hydrogel Synergizes with Neural Stem Cell for Spinal Cord Injury Repair.

Neural stem cell (NSCs) transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI), but its efficacy is greatly limited by the local inhibitory microenvironment. In this study, based on l-arginine (l-Arg)-loaded mesoporous hollow cerium oxide (AhCeO) nanospheres, we constructed an injectable composite hydrogel (AhCeO-Gel) with microenvironment modulation capability. AhCeO-Gel protected NSCs from oxidative damage by eliminating excess reactive oxygen species while continuously delivering Nitric Oxide to the lesion of SCI in a pathological microenvironment, the latter of which effectively promoted the neural differentiation of NSCs.

Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Loaded Mir-29-3p Targets AhR to Improve Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis via Inhibiting the Expression of IL-22 in CD4 T Cell.

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in children. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs)-derived exosomes (HUCMSCs-Exos) are involved in autoimmune diseases. This study investigates the mechanism of HUCMSC-Exos in improving JIA by targeting AhR through delivery of miR-29-3p to inhibit IL-22 expression in CD4 T cells.

Utilizing nontargeted metabolomics integrated with quality component quantitation via differential analysis to reveal the taste differences between and metabolite characteristics of hawk black tea and hawk white tea.

This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the differences in the taste characteristics of hawk black tea and hawk white tea, exploring the intrinsic relationship between nonvolatile metabolites and these taste characteristics. The results revealed significant differences in taste properties of the two types of hawk tea. Hawk black tea mainly exhibits a fresh, sweet, and sweet aftertaste quality, whereas hawk white tea offers a mellow and pure taste.

Dynamic changes and interaction between different aroma types during low-temperature roasting of bud green tea.

As an important process for enhancing aroma of Wuyi rock tea, roasting has gradually been applied to the processing of bud green tea (BGT). However, there is a lack of comprehensive research on the impact of roasting on BGT aroma. This research provides a detailed analysis of the changes in aroma perception and compounds during the low-temperature roasting process (105°C, 90 minutes) of BGT.

Genomic Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers and mitochondrial haplotypes illuminate the origins of Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (Acanthaster solaris) outbreaks in the South China Sea.

Background: Outbreaks of the coral predator Crown-of-Thorns Starfish (CoTS) pose a severe threat to coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific Ocean. In 2018, the South China Sea (SCS) experienced significant CoTS outbreaks, leading to extensive coral mortality across the Xisha, Zhongsha, Dongsha, and Nansha Islands, severely impacting the coral reef ecosystem.

Results: To explore the origins of these outbreaks, we conducted a comprehensive genomic analysis using data from genomic single nucleotide polymorphism sites (SNPs) and mitochondrial haplotypes.

Simulation and Optimization of Transmitting Transducers for Well Logging.

Piezoelectric transducers are commonly used in acoustic well logging. However, the low frequency and narrow range of the acoustic waves limit the achievable detection accuracy. In addition, the low amplitude of the waves causes useful information to be easily masked by noise during detection, which affects the accuracy of geological identification and makes it difficult to detect formations tens of meters away.

NAT10-mediated mRNA N-acetylcytidine reprograms serine metabolism to drive leukaemogenesis and stemness in acute myeloid leukaemia.

RNA modification has emerged as an important epigenetic mechanism that controls abnormal metabolism and growth in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, the roles of RNA N-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification in AML remain elusive. Here, we report that ac4C and its catalytic enzyme NAT10 drive leukaemogenesis and sustain self-renewal of leukaemic stem cells/leukaemia-initiating cells through reprogramming serine metabolism.

Exploring the role of Yuxuebi tablet in neuropathic pain with the method of similarity research of drug pharmacological effects based on unsupervised machine learning.

Introduction: Having multiple pharmacological effects is a characteristic of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Currently, there is a lack of suitable methods to explore and discover modern diseases suitable for TCM treatment using this characteristic. Unsupervised machine learning technology is an efficient strategy to predict the pharmacological activity of drugs.

Glucose oxidase and MnO functionalized liposome for catalytic radiosensitization enhanced synergistic breast cancer therapy.

In recent years, the integration of radiotherapy and nanocatalytic medicine has gained widespread attention in the treatment of breast cancer. Herein, the glucose oxidase (GOx) and MnO nanoparticles co-modified multifunctional liposome of GOx-MnO@Lip was constructed for enhanced radiotherapy. Introduction of GOx would not only elevate the glucose consumption to starve the cancer cells, but also increased the endogenous HO level.

Mitochondria-Associated Membranes in Aging and Senescence.

Although the pursuit of eternal youth remains elusive, progress in the fields of medicine and science has greatly extended the human lifespan. Nevertheless, the rising incidence of diseases and their economic impact present notable obstacles. Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), essential sites for close interaction between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are increasingly recognized for their involvement in both normal cellular processes and the development of diseases.

Development of modern Chinese medicine guided by molecular compatibility theory.

Background: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has gained global attention, particularly after Professor Youyou Tu was awarded the Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin as a treatment for malaria. However, the theory behind TCM is often perceived as a "black-box" with complex components and an unclear structure and mechanism of action. This had hindered the development of TCM within the framework of modern medicine.

Catalyst and base-free, direct oxidation of chitin to lactic acid with hydrogen peroxide.

In recent years, the research on the conversion of chitin to high value-added chemicals has attracted more and more attention. At present, the method of preparing lactic acid from chitin mostly uses strong base or catalyst. The reaction system under alkaline condition not only corrodes the container but also easily harms the human body.

Engineering M1 macrophages with targeting aptamers for enhanced adoptive immunotherapy by modifying the cell surface.

Macrophages play a critical role in the body's defense against cancer by phagocytosing tumor cells, presenting antigens, and activating adaptive T cells. However, macrophages are intrinsically incapable of delivering targeted cancer immunotherapies. Engineered adoptive cell therapy introduces new targeting and antitumor capabilities by modifying macrophages to enhance the innate immune response of cells and improve clinical efficacy.

Diagnostic value of uric acid to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is highly lethal upon onset of acute aortic diseases (AAD) or rupture. Dyslipidaemia and hyperuricaemia are important risk factors for the development of AAA and AAD as well as aortic disease-related death. The aim of this study was to explore whether uric acid (UA) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (UHR) can be used as an independent predictor of the presence of AAA or AAD.

Application of Multifunctional Nanozymes in Tumor Therapy.

Tumors are one of the main diseases threatening human life and health. The emergence of nanotechnology in recent years has introduced a novel therapeutic avenue for addressing tumors. Through the amalgamation of nanotechnology's inherent attributes with those of natural enzymes, nanozymes have demonstrated the ability to initiate catalytic reactions, modulate the biological microenvironment, and facilitate the adoption of multifaceted therapeutic approaches, thereby exhibiting considerable promise in the realm of cancer treatment.

Elucidation of antioxidant activities of intracellular and extracellular polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris in vitro and their protective effects on ulcerative colitis in vivo.

In this study, we extracted the polysaccharides from C. militaris fruiting bodies (CFIPs), mycelial intracellular polysaccharides (CMIPs), and fermentation broth extracellular polysaccharides (CFEPs) to investigate their physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacities, and effects on oxazolone-induced zebrafish ulcerative colitis (UC). Our results revealed differences in monosaccharide composition and surface structure among CFIPs, CMIPs, and CFEPs.

Bioactive solanidane steroidal alkaloids from Solanum lyratum.

Six previously unreported solanidane steroidal alkaloids, namely lyrasolanosides A-F, were isolated from Solanum lyratum. In addition, five known steroidal alkaloids were also identified. The structures of these compounds were determined through the use of NMR, HRESIMS,UV, IR and ECD analysis.

Neutrophil-Based Bionic Delivery System Breaks Through the Capillary Barrier of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells and Inhibits the Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells.

The capillarization of hepatic sinusoids resulting from the activation of hepatic stellate cells poses a significant challenge, impeding the effective delivery of therapeutic agents to the Disse space for liver fibrosis treatment. Therefore, overcoming these barriers and achieving efficient drug delivery to activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) are pressing challenge. In this study, we developed a synergistic sequential drug delivery approach utilizing neutrophil membrane hybrid liposome@atorvastatin/amlisentan (NCM@AtAm) and vitamin A-neutrophil membrane hybrid liposome @albumin (VNCM@Bai) nanoparticles (NPs) to breach the capillary barrier for targeted HSC cell delivery.

Cyclin A1 (CCNA1) inhibits osteoporosis by suppressing transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) pathway in osteoblasts.

Background: Osteoporosis is a genetic disease caused by the imbalance between osteoblast-led bone formation and osteoclast-induced bone resorption. However, further gene-related pathogenesis remains to be elucidated.

Methods: The aberrant expressed genes in osteoporosis was identified by analyzing the microarray profile GSE100609.

Study of cooling experiment and simulation for edible oil storage.

This paper proposes a refrigerant cooling method using an inner tube in a storage tank to improve the cooling performance and thermal uniformity during the storing of edible oil. With a prototype of an oil tank in Central Grain Reserve of Zhenjiang, the experimental oil tank was built in a scale of 50:1. Both natural and manual cooling experiments were carried out for the experimental tank.

The inhibitory potential of green manure return on the germination and seedling growth of .

L. (white clover) and L. (ryegrass) are green manures widely used in conservation tillage systems worldwide.

Mesoscale organization of ventral and dorsal visual pathways in macaque monkey revealed by 7T fMRI.

In human and nonhuman primate brains, columnar (mesoscale) organization has been demonstrated to underlie both lower and higher order aspects of visual information processing. Previous studies have focused on identifying functional preferences of mesoscale domains in specific areas; but there has been little understanding of how mesoscale domains may cooperatively respond to single visual stimuli across dorsal and ventral pathways. Here, we have developed ultrahigh-field 7 T fMRI methods to enable simultaneous mapping, in individual macaque monkeys, of response in both dorsal and ventral pathways to single simple color and motion stimuli.

Recovery of metal ion resources from waste lithium batteries by in situ electro-leaching coupled with electrochemically switched ion exchange.

A new green pathway of in situ electro-leaching coupled with electrochemically switched ion exchange (EL-ESIX) technology was developed for the separation and recovery of valuable metal ions from waste lithium batteries. By using the in situ electro-leaching, the leaching rates of Li and Co from the prepared LiCoO film electrodes reached 100 % and 93.30 %, respectively, under the combined effect of the acidic microenvironment formed by the anodic electrolytic water and electrostatic repulsion.

Progress in the treatment of malignant ascites.

Malignant ascites occurs as a symptom of the terminal stage of cancer, affecting the quality of life through abdominal distension, pain, nausea, anorexia, dyspnea and other symptoms. We describe the current main drug treatments in addition to surgery according to the traditional and new strategies. Traditional treatments were based on anti-tumor chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine treatments, as well as diuretics to relieve the patient's symptoms.