Pilot Exploration of RGMa-BMP4 Signaling in Neutrophil Activation in NMOSD: Integrating Clinical and Molecular Insights.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a disabling autoimmune disease. Neutrophil activation plays a crucial role in the neuroinflammatory damage observed during disease exacerbations. This study aims to elucidate the potential role of the repulsive guidance molecule A-bone morphogenetic protein 4 (RGMa-BMP4) signaling pathway in neutrophil activation during NMOSD attacks.

The Molecular Mechanism of Resveratrol in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Through a Combination of Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Validation.

Resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenolic antioxidant derived from different plant products, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effect. However, the effect of resveratrol on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) still lacks systematic research. This study aims to elucidate the potential mechanism of resveratrol against CRS disease through network pharmacology and further verify it through biological experiments in human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs).

Nucleation Engineering to Strengthen Interface Contacts in Single-Crystal Perovskite Photovoltaics.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on single crystals hold potential for higher efficiency and stability, while the incomplete interface contact hinders hole carrier extraction and device performance. Herein, we report strengthening crystal/substrate contact by nucleation engineering based on in situ growth strategy. Through modulating the hole transport layer (HTL) to induce the nucleation process at substrate surface, interface residual solution, voids, and small-sized crystals are eliminated, thus ensuring intimate interface contact physically.

One-Step Soaking Approach for the Development of High-Strength, Tough Silicone Hydrogels with Elevated Polysiloxane Content.

Silicone hydrogels (SiHys) present a variety of promising applications. However, their intrinsic mechanical limitations and low silicone content often restrict their practical use. In this study, we propose a simple and versatile one-step soaking strategy to produce double-network SiHys with high silicone content and enhanced mechanical strength and toughness.

Major depressive disorder and the development of cerebral small vessel disease: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Although observational studies indicate a complex, bidirectional association between major depressive disorder (MDD) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), the results are frequently inconsistent. This study investigated the potential correlation of MDD with both CSVD clinical outcomes and radiological markers, utilizing a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study design.

Methods: Instrumental variables for MDD were obtained from the latest and largest genome-wide association study (GWAS).

"Friends or foes": a new perspective of tumour metabolic transcriptional modification.

Energy metabolism plays a pivotal role in cancer clinical treatment and has become an important means of clinical diagnosis of tumour progression. However, current research mostly focuses on changes in metabolic products and neglects the deeper mechanisms of transcriptional regulation. This paper proposes a new perspective, establishing a comprehensive network that reveals the interaction between metabolism and transcription, which explores how tumour metabolism affects tumour progression through transcriptional modifications, and provides a novel approach for optimizing tumour treatment strategies.

Isolation and characterization of extracellular polysaccharide from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides: New plant immune elicitor for plant protection.

Searching for natural products from microbial sources is an important approach in the development of green pesticides. Here, we isolated a homogenous extracellular polysaccharide CPEPS-2 from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides PHXP3 by bioassay-guided strategy. Chemical and spectroscopic analysis showed that CPEPS-2 consisted of glucose, mannose and galactose in percentages of 38.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone versus Prednisolone for Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Economic Evaluation.

Background:  Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) is the most common epileptic encephalopathy in infancy and early childhood. At present, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and prednisolone are commonly used as drug treatment regimens for IESS. However, evidence of efficacy and economics remains controversial.

Location-specific net water uptake and malignant cerebral edema in acute anterior circulation occlusion ischemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Early identification of malignant cerebral edema (MCE) in patients with acute ischemic stroke is crucial for timely interventions. We aimed to identify regions critically associated with MCE using the Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) to evaluate the association between location-specific-net water uptake (NWU) and MCE.

Materials And Methods: This multicentre, retrospective cohort study included patients with acute ischemic stroke following large anterior circulation occlusion.

Artificial liver support systems bridge severe immune-mediated hepatotoxicity to clinical recovery.

Background: The incidence of hepatic immune-related adverse events has increased with the wide use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), some immune-mediated hepatotoxicity (IMH) cases are severe and lack of clinical recommendations.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of artificial liver support systems (ALSSs) in the treatment of IMH.

Methods: This retrospective case series included six patients with grade 4 hepatotoxicity with high bilirubin induced by ICIs treated between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2021.

Te@Se Core-Shell Heterostructures with Tunable Shell Thickness for Ultra-Stable NO Detection.

An effective long-term nitrogen dioxide (NO) monitoring at trace concentration is critical for protecting the ecological environment and public health. Tellurium (Te), as a recently discovered 2D elemental material, is promising for NO detection because of its suitable band structure for gas adsorption and charge mobility. However, the high activity of Te leads to poor stability in ambient and harsh conditions, limiting its application as a gas-sensitive material.

Effect of IGF1 on Myogenic Proliferation and Differentiation of Bovine Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells Through PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

: Cultivated meat, an alternative to conventional meat, has substantial potential for alleviating environmental and ethical concerns. This method of manufacturing meat involves the isolation of skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) from donor animals, after which they proliferate in vitro and differentiate into primitive muscle fibers. The aim of this research was to evaluate how the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene regulates the myogenic differentiation of bovine skeletal muscle satellite cells (bSMSCs).

Sea-Island Micelle Structured Hydrogel Scaffold: A Dual-Action Approach to Combat Cartilage Damage under RA Conditions.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune joint disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation and cartilage damage. The current clinical treatments primarily utilize drugs such as triptolide (TP) to address inflammation, yet they are unable to directly repair damaged cartilage. Furthermore, the persistent inflammation often undermines the effectiveness of traditional cartilage repair strategies, preventing them from achieving optimal outcomes.

Silicon-Enhanced PVA Hydrogels in Flexible Sensors: Mechanism, Applications, and Recycling.

Hydrogels, known for their outstanding water absorption, flexibility, and biocompatibility, have been widely utilized in various fields. Nevertheless, their application is still limited by their relatively low mechanical performance. This study has successfully developed a dual-network hydrogel with exceptional mechanical properties by embedding amino-functionalized polysiloxane (APSi) networks into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix.

Cohort profile: Guangzhou breast cancer study (GBCS).

The Guangzhou Breast Cancer Study (GBCS) is a patient-based prospective cohort study designed to identify risk factors and underlying mechanisms for breast cancer (BC) incidence and prognosis, specifically addressing the need for individualized prevention in South China, where BC incidence is notably high. Based in Guangzhou, China, the GBCS began recruitment in 2008, comprises three complementary studies: the Guangzhou breast cancer cohort with 5471 breast cancer patients, a case-control study with 1551 cases and 1605 controls, and an immunohistochemistry (IHC) cohort with 1063 breast cancer patients. Participants are primarily aged 41-60 years.

Effect of Dietary Concentrate-to-Forage Ratios During the Cold Season on Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality, Rumen Fermentation and Gut Microbiota of Tibetan Sheep.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary concentrate-to-forage ratios on slaughter performance, meat quality, rumen fermentation, rumen microbiota and fecal microbiota in Tibetan sheep. A total of sixty male Tibetan sheep were equally allocated into three dietary groups based on concentrate-to-forage ratios, i.e.

Transcriptome-Based Revelation of the Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Hepatic Metabolic Rhythms in Tibetan Sheep ().

Sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts circadian rhythms; however, its effects on SD and the mechanisms involved require further investigation. Previous studies on SD were mainly conducted on rodents, such as mice, with few studies on its effects on the liver of large diurnal animals, such as sheep. In this study, we used a Tibetan sheep model for the first time to investigate the effects of SD on the liver by exposing Tibetan sheep () to 7 days of SD (6 h/day) and performed transcriptome sequencing analysis on liver samples taken at 4 h intervals over 24 h.

The role of ferroptosis resistance in lymph-associated tumour metastasis.

Tumour metastasis is a crucial factor in determining clinically challenging tumours. In this respect, the lymphatic system may act as potential entry portals for tumour metastasis, whilst, clinical detection of tumour-infiltrated lymph nodes also indicates poorer prognosis and higher metastatic risk. Whether tumour cells gain ferroptosis resistance in lymph that make them exhibit a stronger propensity for lymphatic dissemination compared to hematogenous spread might be a breakthrough for elucidating lymph-associated tumour metastasis.

Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes alleviate bone destruction and regulate bone immunity via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can lead to joint deformity, loss of function, and even disability. Bone erosion is a common cause of disability in individuals with RA; bone resorption by osteoclasts (OCs) and bone immunity by regulatory T cells (Tregs) play key roles in this process. Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) can be used to treat RA; however, the regulation of Tregs and OCs by HUMSCs and their therapeutic effects on RA have not been fully elucidated.

Recent Progress of Thin Crystal Engineering for Perovskite Solar Cells.

Metal halide perovskite single crystals hold promise for photovoltaics with high efficiency and stability due to their superior optoelectronic properties and weak bulk ion migration. The past several years have witnessed rapid development of single-crystal perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with efficiency rocketed from 6.5 % to 24.