Publications by authors named "Xiao Bai"

To explore serum metabolic changes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with mild or moderate steatosis and develop a diagnostic index based on liver fat content to differentiate these stages. A total of 149 participants were enrolled from the Nutrition Health Atlas Project in 2019 (Stage 1, n = 92) and 2022 (Stage 2, n = 57). Serum levels of amino acids, free fatty acids (FFAs) and other organic acids were quantified using liquid or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

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Incorporating two-phase heterojunctions with matching band structures represents a promising strategy for developing photocatalysts with enhanced efficiency. This work prefers a novel approach that employs a template-assisted strategy based on a porous structured UCCN@CeO 0/2D S-scheme heterojunction. The proposed method aims to improve photocatalytic activity by harnessing the synergistic effects of monodispersed CeO nanoparticles and ultrathin N-defect CN nanosheets.

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This study aims to propose a dual-domain network that not only reduces scatter artifacts but also retains structure details in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).The proposed network comprises a projection-domain sub-network and an image-domain sub-network. The projection-domain sub-network utilizes a division residual network to amplify the difference between scatter signals and imaging signals, facilitating the learning of scatter signals.

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To investigate the correlation between corneal biomechanical characteristics and refractive status in adolescents aged 5-13 years. A cross-sectional study involved 339 children aged 5-13 with a spherical equivalent (SE) range from -6.00 to +2.

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Background: Several autoimmune diseases (ADs) are considered risk factors for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. This study pooled and appraised the evidence associating ADs with GI cancer risks.

Methods: Three databases were examined from initiation through 26 January 2024.

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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and the impact of comorbidity of AIH, PBC, and PSC on hospitalization burden in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Inpatients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2021 were included. Odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to compare the risk of AIH, PBC, and PSC between IBD and non-IBD patients.

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Investigating the sources of ammonia (NH) in the atmosphere and the contribution of each source is essential for environmental pollution control. The presented dataset aims to provide N natural abundance (δN) data collected from different controlled treatments to fill the knowledge gap between insufficient data of soil δN-NH and accurately identifying atmospheric NH source apportionments. Our results showed that the overall δN-NH values emitted from soil ranged from -46.

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The median age of patients at diagnosis of mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy was 25 years. The most common neurological symptoms were leukoencephalopathy (83.1%), polyneuropathy (68.

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With prior knowledge of seen objects, humans have a remarkable ability to recognize novel objects using shared and distinct local attributes. This is significant for the challenging tasks of zero-shot learning (ZSL) and fine-grained visual classification (FGVC), where the discriminative attributes of objects have played an important role. Inspired by human visual attention, neural networks have widely exploited the attention mechanism to learn the locally discriminative attributes for challenging tasks.

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Article Synopsis
  • The text discusses the need for a method to constantly monitor the integrity of spinal hardware, as current methods fail to detect issues until symptoms appear, which could lead to serious complications.* -
  • It introduces a new technology called BioMDA (bio-adhesive metal detector array), designed to provide real-time, non-invasive tracking of spinal implants without using radiation.* -
  • The BioMDA features advanced electromagnetic coupling for precise positioning of implants, achieving accuracy levels under 0.5 mm, potentially revolutionizing postoperative monitoring of spinal instrumentation.*
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IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and Sjogren's syndrome (SS) are two autoimmune diseases with undetermined etiology and related to abnormal activation of lymphocytes. This study aims to explore the crucial genes, pathways and immune cells between IgAN and SS. Gene expression profiles of IgAN and SS were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus and Nephroseq data.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study investigates gene-environment interactions related to Crohn's disease (CD) among the Chinese population, focusing on specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in T helper 17 (Th17) pathway genes.
  • - Researchers analyzed data from 159 CD patients and 316 healthy controls, finding that certain SNP alleles were less common in CD patients compared to controls, with notable interactions between these genes and environmental factors like breastfeeding and sun exposure impacting disease aspects.
  • - The findings enhance understanding of the genetic factors contributing to CD in Chinese populations and suggest that including these SNPs in predictive models could improve risk and outcome assessments for the disease.
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Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the third most prevalent malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. However, the majority of patients with GC are diagnosed at an advanced stage, highlighting the urgent need for effective perioperative and postoperative chemotherapy to prevent relapse and metastasis. The current treatment strategies have limited overall efficacy because of intrinsic or acquired drug resistance.

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Background: To some extent, the robotic technique does offer certain benefits in rectal cancer surgery than laparoscopic one, while remains a topic of ongoing debate for rectal cancer patients who have undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT).

Methods: Potential studies published until January 2024 were obtained from Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and PubMed. Dichotomous and continuous variables were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) or weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% CIs, respectively.

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Failure of articular cartilage lubrication and inflammation are the main causes of osteoarthritis (OA), and integrated treatment realizing joint lubrication and anti-inflammation is becoming the most effective treat model. Inspired by low friction of human synovial fluid and adhesive chemical effect of mussels, our work reports a biomimetic lubricating system that realizes long-time lubrication, photothermal responsiveness and anti-inflammation property. To build the system, a dopamine-mediated strategy is developed to controllably graft hyaluronic acid on the surface of metal organic framework.

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Testicular torsion is a critical urologic condition for which testicular detorsion surgery is considered irreplaceable as well as the golden method of reversal. However, the surgical treatment is equivalent to a blood reperfusion process, and no specific drugs are available to treat blood reperfusion injuries. Salidroside (SAL) is one of the main effective substances in rhodiola, which has been shown to have antioxidant and antiapoptosis activities.

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Single atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted attention due to their excellent catalysis activity under specific reactions and conditions. However, the low density of SACs greatly limits catalytic performance. The three-dimensional graphene hollow nanospheres (GHSs) with very thin shell structure can be used as excellent carrier materials.

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Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is an effective treatment for coronary heart disease, with vascular transplantation as the key procedure. Intimal hyperplasia (IH) gradually leads to vascular stenosis, seriously affecting the curative effect of CABG. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were used to alleviate IH, but the effect was not satisfactory.

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Background: The relationship between body composition and the risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) needs to be investigated.

Methods: Overall, 571 patients from 5 medical centers were included. To assess body compositions, we evaluated skeletal muscle indices, adipose tissue indices, sarcopenia, and myosteatosis at the third lumbar vertebral level.

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Objective: The relationship between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue compositions and risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) treatment needs to be investigated.

Methods: A total of 282 patients were collected from two medical centres. The median time of follow-up was 48.

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Mass movements, driven by various non-linearly correlated factors, exhibit high randomness, posing vast difficulties for field observations and subsequent investigations into the underlying mechanisms. In this study 157 mass movement incidents (including collapses, slump and spalling) and their primary influencing factors were surveyed in a small catchment of the hilly and gully Loess Plateau, China, through intensive field investigations and remote sensing techniques. The spatial pattern of mass movement and its relation with the influencing factors were assessed, while the relative impact of different factors was studied using the canonical correlation analysis.

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Deubiquitination, a post-translational modification regulated by deubiquitinases, is essential for cancer initiation and progression. Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) are essential elements of the deubiquitinase family, and are overexpressed in gastric cancer (GC). Through the regulation of several signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-Catenin and nuclear factor-κB signaling, and the promotion of the expression of deubiquitination- and stabilization-associated proteins, USPs promote the proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of GC.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of combining iguratimod with tofacitinib in patients suffering from difficult-to-treat moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  • It involved 30 patients who previously underwent treatment with multiple conventional medications without achieving desired results, and data was gathered over a 12-week observation period.
  • Results indicated significant improvements in various clinical measures (such as joint counts and disease activity scores) after treatment, while no serious adverse reactions were reported.
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Background: Innovative strategies are necessary to enhance prostate cancer diagnosis whilst reducing unnecessary and invasive repeat biopsies. This study aimed to determine the significant parameters affecting repeat prostate biopsy outcomes and develop an optimal machine learning algorithm for predicting positive repeat prostate biopsy results.

Methods: We analysed data from 174 men who underwent repeated prostate biopsies between January 2008 and December 2022.

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