Characterizing brainstem glucagon-like peptide-1 control of sensory-specific-satiety in male and female rats across the estrous cycle.

Background: Meal variety promotes overconsumption by delaying sensory-specific-satiety (SSS), the transient reduction in reward value of a recently consumed food. Despite its role in meal cessation, the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying SSS are largely unknown.

Methods: Here, we developed a preclinical model of SSS wherein rats consume more of a different food compared to the same food presented again, leading to greater caloric intake.

Role of insulin-like growth factor-2 in Alzheimer's disease induced memory impairment and underlying mechanisms.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia. Treatments for AD do not reverse the loss of brain function; rather, they decrease the rate of cognitive deterioration. Current treatments are ineffective in part because they do not address neurotrophic mechanisms, which are believed to be critical for functional recovery.

[Effects of high salt diet on renal vascular reactivity in mice detected by laser speckle contrast imaging].

The aim of this study was to conduct experiments using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) technology to investigate the effects of high salt diet on renal vascular reactivity in mice. LSCI is a technology for monitoring blood flow based on the laser speckle principle. It has been widely used to detect microcirculatory functions in tissues such as the skin and brain.

METTL7A improves bovine IVF embryo competence by attenuating oxidative stress.

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a widely used assisted reproductive technology to achieve a successful pregnancy. However, the acquisition of oxidative stress in embryo in vitro culture impairs its competence. Here, we demonstrated that a nuclear coding gene, methyltransferase-like protein 7A (METTL7A), improves the developmental potential of bovine embryos.

Galvanic Cell-Stimulated Mesenchymal Stem Cell Mesh for Enhanced Pelvic Organ Prolapse Treatment.

Implantation of a mesh loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a common approach for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The mesh provides effective support to pelvic floor, enhancing muscle contraction of pelvic organs while reducing inflammation. In this study, a fully degradable mesh is designed for the treatment of POP, utilizing MSCs stimulated by a galvanic battery-powered electric field.

Influencing factors of elderly hospitalized psychiatric patients complicated with physical disease: a cross-sectional study of 332 patients in Guangzhou China.

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of the number of physical diseases in elderly hospitalized psychiatric patients.

Methods: A total of 332 hospitalized elderly patients with mental illness were enrolled in this study. The number of combined physical diseases was divided into three groups, which were 0, 1 ~ 2, and ≥ 3.

A review of emission characteristics and risk assessments of volatile organic compounds in petrochemical industry areas.

As the petrochemical industry grows, environmental and human health issues associated with petroleum refining and chemical processes also increase. Consequently, several studies have been conducted on this topic. However, the results of the current research vary, and a comprehensive review is lacking.

Development of Reference Material of White Granulated Sugar.

Background: White granulated sugar, a significant commodity in bulk trade and widely used raw material, plays a crucial role in the food, energy, and medicine industries. A certified reference material (CRM) of white granulated sugar provides a valuable tool for monitoring and maintaining the safety and quality of white granulated sugar and other related products. The colorimetric value, conductivity ash, sucrose content, and reducing sugar content serve as essential factors that determine the quality of white granulated sugar.

Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, independent of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, increase thyroid cancer risk: Insights from genetic and clinical evidence.

Purpose: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a prevalent autoimmune disorder and thyroid cancer (TC) is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. Recent debates have focused on whether HT increases the risk of developing TC. This study combined Mendelian randomization (MR) and observational methods to investigate the potential causal relationship between HT and TC risk.

The characteristics of formula milk marketing on health system: a qualitative study from Beijing and Jinan in China.

Background: Breastmilk is widely regarded as the healthiest choice for both infants and mothers due to its numerous advantages over formula, such as higher concentrations of essential nutrients and antibodies, easier digestion, and superior taste. The World Health Organization International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes was adopted over 40 years ago to mitigate the effects of infant formula marketing on a woman's decision to breastfeed. Yet, the commercial formula milk industry has continued to market their products aggressively and through an increasing variety of social media channels.

Morphometric Measurements of the Incomplete Partition Type II (IP-II) Cochlea and Implications on Cochlear Implantation.

Hypothesis: The objective of this study is to obtain comprehensive morphometric measurements of the incomplete partition type II (IP-II) cochlea to provide a better understanding of intracochlear anatomy and important considerations for electrode selection and insertion.

Background: IP-II is the most common bony inner ear malformation that often requires cochlear implantation. Currently, there is significant controversy on electrode selection due to a lack of research that can provide reliable, high-resolution measurements.

Updated survival outcome of regorafenib, ipilimumab, and nivolumab in refractory microsatellite stable non-liver metastatic colorectal cancer: A phase I nonrandomized clinical trial.

Background: Combination regorafenib, ipilimumab, and nivolumab (RIN) was evaluated in a phase 1 nonrandomized study (NCT04362839) of refractory microsatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer. Promising antitumor activity was previously reported in the non-liver metastatic (NLM) population. This updated analysis describes long-term survival outcomes in the NLM cohort and highlights durable remissions with potential cure following completion of RIN therapy.

Sensitivity evaluation of an optical microfiber featuring interfaces with various gold nanoparticle morphologies: Application to the GFAP detection.

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a specific blood biomarker for various neurological diseases, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, we present a cost-effective, portable, and label-free biosensing method for the sensitive and rapid detection of GFAP in body fluids. As the sensitivity of current optical fiber sensors is insufficient to detect the ultralow concentration of GFAP in early body fluids, interfaces of gold nanoparticles with various morphologies were employed to improve the sensitivity of sensor.

Improving pregnancy outcomes in patients with recurrent implantation failure: The power of RNA-seq-based endometrial receptivity testing.

To evaluate whether RNA-seq-based endometrial receptivity testing (rsERT) can improve pregnancy outcomes in personalized frozen-thawed embryo transfer (pFET) during hormone replacement therapy (HRT) cycles among patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 98 RIF patients undergoing HRT for FET. The experimental group consisted of 58 patients who underwent pFET after rsERT, while the control group included 40 patients who refused rsERT and underwent conventional ET.

Evaluating dysphagia in Alzheimer's disease: the significance of age and medical comorbidities,a cross-sectional study from a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Guangzhou China.

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors of dysphagia in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.

Methods: The study evaluated the demographic characteristics, nutritional status, social functioning, and swallowing dysfunction of 109 hospitalized AD patients.

Results: The sample include 65.

The fatty acid receptor CD36 promotes macrophage infiltration via p110γ signaling to stimulate metastasis.

Introduction: Metabolic regulators are key in controlling immune cell fate in the tumor microenvironment. The accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer greatly contributes to metastasis and poor outcome. However, the metabolic pathways responsible for TAM accumulation are largely unknown.

Association of lymphocyte count and serum albumin concentration with telomere length in Chinese sanitation workers.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between inflammation-related indicators (IRIs) and telomere length (TL) in Chinese sanitation workers.

Methods: This study adopted a case-control design, conducted from January to December 2022 in Shenzhen, a city in eastern China. A total of 80 sanitation workers, as well as 80 matched controls, were randomly recruited from the Luohu district of Shenzhen city in China.

Clinical Outcomes of Elective Early Discontinuation of Immunotherapy Based on Objective Response in Microsatellite Instability-High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Patients with microsatellite-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancers (CRC) may experience long-lasting benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) upon stopping therapy. However, optimal timing and patient selection criteria for early treatment withdrawal remain undefined. In this single-center retrospective study, we characterized the clinical response and associated survival outcomes of patients who received elective early versus late treatment discontinuation.

A polymer-like ultrahigh-strength metal alloy.

Futuristic technologies such as morphing aircrafts and super-strong artificial muscles depend on metal alloys being as strong as ultrahigh-strength steel yet as flexible as a polymer. However, achieving such 'strong yet flexible' alloys has proven challenging because of the inevitable trade-off between strength and flexibility. Here we report a Ti-50.

Lower Extremity Injury Rates on Artificial Turf Versus Natural Grass Surfaces in the National Football League During the 2021 and 2022 Seasons.

Background: It has been argued that the use of artificial turf football fields in the National Football League (NFL) increases player injury risk compared with natural grass surfaces.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to quantify the rate of lower extremity injuries occurring in NFL players on artificial turf compared with natural grass surfaces and characterize the time missed due to injury and proportion of injuries requiring surgery. It was hypothesized that lower extremity injuries requiring surgical intervention would occur at a higher rate on artificial turf than on natural grass.