Production of Reactive Oxygen Species during Redox Manipulation and Its Potential Impacts on Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Processes.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are ubiquitous in redox-fluctuating environments, exerting profound impacts on biogeochemical cycles. However, whether ROS can be generated during redox manipulation in activated sludge wastewater treatment processes (AS-WTPs) and the underlying impacts remain largely unknown. This study demonstrates that ROS production is ubiquitous in AS-WTPs due to redox manipulation and that the frequency and capacity of ROS production depend on the operating modes.

Long-term Application of Agricultural Amendments Regulate Hydroxyl Radicals Production during Oxygenation of Paddy Soils.

Hydroxyl radicals (OH) play a significant role in contaminant transformation and element cycling during redox fluctuations in paddy soil. However, these important processes might be affected by widely used agricultural amendments, such as urea, pig manure, and biochar, which have rarely been explored, especially regarding their impact on soil aggregates and associated biogeochemical processes. Herein, based on five years of fertilization experiments in the field, we found that agricultural amendments, especially coapplication of fertilizers and biochar, significantly increased soil organic carbon contents and the abundances of iron (Fe)-reducing bacteria.

Activated carbon as a strong DOM adsorbent mitigates antimony and arsenic release in flooded mining-impacted soils.

In Southern China, the co-occurrence of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) contamination in soils around Sb mines presents an environmental challenge. During the flooding period of mining-impacted soils, anaerobic reduction of iron (Fe) oxides enhances the mobilization and bioavailability of Sb and As, further elevating the risk of Sb and As entering the food chain. To address this problem, activated carbon (AC) and biochar (BC) were applied to remediate flooded mining-impacted soils.

Nonmicrobial mechanisms dominate the release of CO and the decomposition of organic matter during the short-term redox process in paddy soil slurry.

Both biotic and abiotic mechanisms play a role in soil CO emission processes. However, abiotically mediated CO emission and the role of reactive oxygen species are still poorly understood in paddy soil. This study revealed that •OH promoted CO emission in paddy soil slurries during short-term oxidation (4 h).

Oxygen vacancies-dominated reactive species generation from peroxymonosulfate activated by MoO for pollutant degradation.

Interface oxygen vacancies (OVs) are commonly used to improve the catalytic performance of activators in persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes, but the underlying mechanism was not fully explored. This work reports a facile heat treatment method to regulate OVs in MoO to elucidate the mechanism of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activated by OVs to degrade 2,4,4-Trichlorobiphenyl (PCB28). Electron spin resonance, free radical quenching, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy confirmed that both reducing Mo species and OVs of MoO surface were responsible for PMS activation.

[Effect of peritoneal lavage with povine-iodine on prevention of postoperative sepsis after exposure of peritoneal cavity to sea water in rat].

Objective: To observe the effects of peritoneal lavage with povine-iodine on prevention of sepsis after exposure of peritoneal cavity to sea water in rat.

Methods: Eighty-four SD rats were randomly divided into two groups, and the peritoneal cavity was exposed to sea water. Rats in group A were not treated (group A, n=42), and the peritoneal cavity was lavage with povine-iodine in group B (n=42).

[Effect of hypotonic liquid containing colloid on hemorrhagic dogs with celiac seawater immersion wound].

Objective: To determine hypotonic liquid containing colloid on hemorrhagic dogs with celiac seawater immersion wound.

Methods: Thirty-five dogs were randomly divided into five groups: control group (group A), 0.9% NaCl therapy group (group B) and 0.