Multiplex qPCR development for the simultaneous and rapid detection of largemouth bass virus and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus in aquaculture.

Largemouth bass virus (LMBV) and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) are both belong to Iridoviridae that cause considerable economic losses in the fish industry. There is no reported literature that can detect these two viruses simultaneously. In this study, we established a multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay that can specifically and simultaneously detect both LMBV and ISKNV in fish samples.

Synergistic Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Plant Essential Oil and Its Application in Seafood Preservation: A Review.

The synergistic potential of plant essential oils (EOs) with other conventional and non-conventional antimicrobial agents is a promising strategy for increasing antimicrobial efficacy and controlling foodborne pathogens. Spoilage microorganisms are one of main concerns of seafood products, while the prevention of seafood spoilage principally requires exclusion or inactivation of microbial activity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent studies on the synergistic antimicrobial effect of EOs combined with other available chemicals (such as antibiotics, organic acids, and plant extracts) or physical methods (such as high hydrostatic pressure, irradiation, and vacuum-packaging) utilized to reduce the growth of foodborne pathogens and/or to extend the shelf-life of seafood products.

Novel phosphate-solubilising bacteria isolated from sewage sludge and the mechanism of phosphate solubilisation.

A great amount of insoluble phosphate in agricultural soils is not available for crops. Three strains of bacteria (Bacillus megaterium YLYP1, Pseudomonas prosekii YLYP6 and Pseudomonas sp. YLYP29) isolated from activated sludge and soil could efficiently solubilise tricalcium phosphate.

Variations in microbial community and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) dissipation in different rhizospheric compartments between low- and high-DEHP accumulating cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a typical endocrine disrupting chemical with relatively high concentrations in agricultural soils of China. Here, a rhizobox experiment was conducted to investigate the variations in microbial community and DEHP dissipation among different soil rhizospheric compartments between low (Fengyousimiao) and high (Peizataifeng) DEHP-accumulating cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in DEHP spiked soil (0, 20, 100 mg/kg).

Variations in microbial community and ciprofloxacin removal in rhizospheric soils between two cultivars of Brassica parachinensis L.

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is one of most used quinolone antibiotics detected frequently in agricultural soils and vegetables. In the present study, variations in microbial community and CIP removal in rhizospheric soils between two cultivars of Brassica parachinensis L. that accumulate higher and lower CIP (Sijiu and Cutai, respectively) were investigated under CIP stress (0mg/kg in CK, 2.

Analysis of Trace Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs) in Vegetables Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

A reliable, sensitive, and cost-effective method was developed for determining three quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) including dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, and didodecyldimethylammonium chloride in various vegetables using ultrasonic-assisted extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The variety and acidity of extraction solvents, extraction times, and cleanup efficiency of sorbents were estimated to obtain an optimized procedure for extraction of the QACs in nine vegetable matrices. Excellent linearities (R(2) > 0.

Effects of the size and morphology of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the germination of Chinese cabbage seeds.

The toxicity of four zinc oxide nanoparticles (i.e., spheric ZnO-30, spheric ZnO-50, columnar ZnO-90, and hexagon rod-like ZnO-150) to the seed germination of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.

[Concentrations of antibiotics in vegetables from manure-mended farm].

Sixteen typical antibiotics including four tetracyclines, four quinolones, and eight sulfonamides in vegetables from manure-amended farm were determined using the ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and their health risks to human via the diet pathway was assessed. Most antibiotics were frequently detected in vegetable samples, with the detection rate from 11% to 90%. Concentrations of a single compound were mainly less than 5 microg x kg(-1) (D.

[Concentrations and distribution of tetracycline antibiotics in vegetable field soil chronically fertilized with manures].

Occurrence of antibiotics in the soils substantially fertilized with antibiotics-enriched animal manures is very of concern. This paper investigated the concentration and distribution of four tetracycline antibiotics in soils from vegetable field chronically fertilized with manures in subtropical area using solid-phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The sum concentrations of four tetracycline compounds ranged from 1.

Investigation of sulfonamide, tetracycline, and quinolone antibiotics in vegetable farmland soil in the Pearl River Delta area, southern China.

Thirteen antibiotics in soil from vegetable farmlands of the Pearl River Delta, southern China, were investigated. At least three antibiotics were detected in each sample. Six antibiotics including four quinolones, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole were detected in >94% of the samples.