Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy as a First-Line Therapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase 3 EXTENTORCH Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) have poor prognoses and unmet medical needs.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of toripalimab plus etoposide and platinum-based chemotherapy (EP) vs placebo plus EP as a first-line treatment for patients with ES-SCLC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 randomized clinical trial (EXTENTORCH study) enrolled patients from September 26, 2019, to May 20, 2021, and was conducted at 49 sites in China.

If They Won't Know, I Won't Wait: Anticipated Social Consequences Drive Children's Performance on Self-Control Tasks.

This research evaluated the hypothesis that the act of offering an incentive produces anticipated social benefits that are distinct from the benefits associated with the incentive itself. Across three preregistered studies, 3- to 5-year-old children in China (total = 210) were given an opportunity to wait for an additional sticker (Studies 1 and 3) or an edible treat (Study 2). Rewards were dispensed via a timer-controlled box that allowed the experimenter's apparent ability to learn how long children waited to be manipulated experimentally.

Guilt promotes honesty in preschoolers.

The current study examined the influence of guilt on young children's honesty about their transgression. Children (N = 192; 4-6 years of age; 49.5% male, 50.

Apologies Repair Trust via Perceived Trustworthiness and Negative Emotions.

The present study examined whether perceptions of a transgressor's trustworthiness mediates the relationship between apologies and repaired trust, and the moderating role of negative emotions within this process. Chinese undergraduate students ( = 221) completed a trust game where they invested tokens in their counterpart, and either experienced no trust violation (i.e.

Apologies repair children's trust: The mediating role of emotions.

The current study examined whether emotions mediate the relationship between apologies and repaired trust following a transgression. Children (9- and 11-year-olds; N = 180) completed a two-round trust game where if they invested tokens in their counterpart, the tokens tripled in value and the counterpart would decide how many tokens to return. Based on participants' condition, either half of the tokens were returned, none of the tokens were returned, or none were returned followed by an apology.

Cerebrospinal fluid FGF23 levels correlate with a measure of impulsivity.

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived protein produced mainly by osteocytes and osteoblasts and at low levels in specific parts of the brain. It has been shown to associate with mood regulation. Lithium treatment gives rise to significant elevations of serum FGF23 levels in depressive patients.

Intimate partner violence against married rural-to-urban migrant workers in eastern China: prevalence, patterns, and associated factors.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue among married rural-to-urban migrant workers, the largest group of internal migrants in China. This study aims to explore the prevalence, patterns and associated factors of intimate partner violence against married rural-to-urban migrant workers in eastern China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zhejiang province in China between July 2015 and April 2016, and a total of 1,744 married rural-to-urban migrant workers ultimately took part in the study.

Strains of Group B streptococci from septic patients induce platelet activation via Toll-like Receptor 2.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) causes life-threatening bacterial sepsis, especially in newborns and pregnant women. Patients suffering from sepsis often display low platelet counts, characterized by thrombocytopenia, because of platelet activation. In the present study, the roles of six GBS strains from septic patients in platelet aggregation, as well as the underlying mechanisms, were investigated.

Children's Facial Trustworthiness Judgments: Agreement and Relationship with Facial Attractiveness.

This study examined developmental changes in children's abilities to make trustworthiness judgments based on faces and the relationship between a child's perception of trustworthiness and facial attractiveness. One hundred and one 8-, 10-, and 12-year-olds, along with 37 undergraduates, were asked to judge the trustworthiness of 200 faces. Next, they issued facial attractiveness judgments.

Prognosis of posterior osteophyte after anterior cervical decompression and fusion in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy using three-dimensional computed tomography study.

Background: Inadequacy of posterior osteophyte resection in anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) surgery has long been a clinical concern as it may influence surgical outcome. There has been no agreement on the prognosis in the presence of remnant posterior osteophytes.

Methods: This study retrospectively investigated 26 cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients after ACDF in whom a remnant posterior osteophyte was identified by long-term follow-up CT scans (minimum of 2 years).

CHILDREN'S AND ADULTS' JUDGMENTS OF FACIAL TRUSTWORTHINESS: THE RELATIONSHIP TO FACIAL ATTRACTIVENESS.

Existing research suggests that adults make effective trustworthiness judgments based on facial attractiveness during initial interactions. However, little is known about how children judge trustworthiness from faces. The present study examined the facial features that contributed to judgments of trustworthiness and attractiveness by three groups of Chinese children aged 8 years old (n=34; 17 boys), 10 years old (n=34; 17 boys), and 12 years old (n = 34; 17 boys) and a comparison group of 37 undergraduates (M age=20.

Recovery of neurological functions in non-human primate model of Parkinson's disease by transplantation of encapsulated neonatal porcine choroid plexus cells.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is primarily characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) and a loss of their fibre projections in the striatum. We utilized the neonatal porcine choroid plexus (CP), an organ that secretes cerebrospinal fluid containing various types of neurotrophic and neuroprotective factors, to ameliorate the Parkinsonian symptoms in MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-treated rhesus monkeys without requiring immunosuppression. We demonstrate that transplanted encapsulated CP clusters (eCPs) significantly improved neurological functions in MPTP-treated monkeys during the course of six months after transplantation (p < 0.

[Analysis of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low/-) Treg cells in mice].

The quantitative identification and enrichment of viable regulatory T cells (Treg) requires reliable surface markers that are selectively expressed on Treg. Foxp3 is the accepted marker of natural Treg, but it cannot be used to isolate cells for functional studies. CD127 is a new surface marker expressed in Treg cells.

[Bactericidal permeability increasing protein inhibits lipopolysaccharide-mediated platelet activation in vitro].

This study was purposed to investigate the inhibitory effect of bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated activation of platelets. Venous blood samples were obtained from 10 healthy volunteers and were prepared into platelet-rich plasma (PRP, 1 × 10(8)/ml). Experiments were divided into four groups: normal platelet group (untreated group); LPS group, BPI group and BPI+LPS group.

[Hysterosalpingography combined with hysteroscopy-laporoscopy in diagnosing female infertility].

Objective: To evaluate hysterosalpingography (HSG) combined with hysteroscopy-laparoscopy in diagnosing female infertility.

Methods: One hundred thirty three female infertile patients by clinical diagnosis were given HSG and hysteroscopy-laparoscopy, and the results were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: The total diagnostic coincidence rate of the two methods in diagnosing uterus-cervix infertility was 80.