[Distribution of manganese, cobalt and molybdenum in blood and urine among general population in 8 provinces of China].

Objective: To evaluated the manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co) and molybdenum (Mo) levels in blood and urine among general population in China, and thereby to analyze their prevalent features.

Methods: From 2009 to 2010, a total of 18 120 subjects of general population aged 6-60 years were recruited from 24 districts in 8 provinces in eastern, central and western China mainland, by cluster random sampling method. The information about their living environment and health status were collected by questionnaire, and their blood and urine samples were also collected.

[Distribution of copper and zinc in blood among general population from 8 provinces in China].

Objective: To investigate the level of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in whole blood among general population from 8 provinces in China, and to analyze the characteristics of distribution among different regions.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 8 provinces from eastern, middle and western China between 2009 and 2010, including 13 110 subjects from 24 regions, and the blood and urine samples were collected. The ICP-MS was applied to test the content of ICP-MS in blood samples, and the results were used to analyze the characteristics of contents and distributions of Zn and Cu among population from different ages, genders and regions groups.

[Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons monohydroxy metabolites level in urine of general population in eight provinces of China].

Objective: To assess the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons monohydroxy metabolites in urine of general population in China among 8 provinces, provide the baseline of the metabolites in the general population.

Methods: From 2009 to 2010, 18 120 subjects of general population aged 6-60 years old were recruited from 24 areas among 8 provinces in east, west and central areas of China mainland by cluster random sampling. The information of the living environment and health condition were collected by questionnaire and spot urine samples were collected, 4 680 urine samples were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, and monohydroxy metabolites distribution in urine among groups of gender and ages were analysed.

[Study of distribution and influencing factors of arsenic in whole blood and urine among population in 8 provinces in China].

Objective: To evaluated the levels of arsenic (As) in blood and urine among general population in China and analyze its influencing factors.

Methods: A total of 18 120 subjects from general population aged 6-60 years were recruited from 24 districts in 8 provinces in eastern, central and western China mainland from 2009 to 2010, by cluster random sampling method. Blood samples and urine samples were collected, the information of the life-style was collected by questionnaire.

[Study of distribution and influencing factors of lead and cadmium in whole blood and urine among population in 8 provinces in China].

Objective: To evaluate the levels of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in blood and urine among general population in China, and thereby analyze their prevalent features.

Methods: A total of 18 120 subjects from general population aged 6-60 years were recruited from 24 districts in 8 provinces in eastern, central and western China mainland from 2009 to 2010, by cluster random sampling method. The blood samples and urine samples of these people were collected.

Syntheses of fused tetracyclic quinolines via Ugi-variant MCR and Pd-catalyzed bis-annulation.

Diversity-oriented synthesis of fused tetracyclic 6,11-dihydroquinoxalino[2,3-b]quinolines is described via a sequential Ugi-variant multicomponent reaction and Pd-catalyzed bis-annulation in one-pot process.

[Distribution of chromium in whole blood and urine among general population in China between year 2009 and 2010].

Objective: To evaluate the chromium (Cr) levels in blood and urine among general population in China between 2009 and 2010, and thereby to analyze its prevalent features.

Methods: From year 2009 to 2010, a total of 11 983 subjects of general population aged between 6 and 60 year-old were recruited from 24 districts in 8 provinces in eastern, central and western China mainland, by cluster random sampling method. The information about their living environment and health status were collected by questionnaire, and 11 983 blood samples and 11 853 urine samples were also collected.

One-pot syntheses of chromeno[3,4-c]pyrrole-3,4-diones via Ugi-4CR and intramolecular Michael addition.

One-pot and diastereoselective syntheses of diverse chromeno[3,4-c]pyrrole-3,4-diones from readily available starting materials were achieved via sequential Ugi-4CR and intramolecular Michael addition.