Phase-locking characteristics and dynamics of the subharmonic entrainment of breathing temporal solitons.

Subharmonic entrainment (SHE) of the breathing solitons, an intriguing resonance phenomenon, arises from frequency locking between the breathing frequency and the cavity repetition frequency. This study investigates the phase-locking characteristics and dynamics of the SHE of breathing temporal cavity solitons. We reveal that the breathing solitons arise from the periodic enhancement and depletion of coherence between solitons and pump light, achieving SHE locking across various periods within the stringent parameter ranges of driving intensity, detuning, and cavity finesse.

Transient breathing dynamics during extinction of dissipative solitons in mode-locked fiber lasers.

The utilization of the dispersive Fourier transformation approach has enabled comprehensive observation of the birth process of dissipative solitons in fiber lasers. However, there is still a dearth of deep understanding regarding the extinction process of dissipative solitons. In this study, we have utilized a combination of experimental and numerical techniques to thoroughly examine the breathing dynamics of dissipative solitons during the extinction process in an Er-doped mode-locked fiber laser.

Extreme spectral asymmetry of Akhmediev breathers and Fermi-Pasta-Ulam recurrence in a Manakov system.

The dynamics of Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) recurrence in a Manakov system is studied analytically. Exact Akhmediev breather (AB) solutions for this system are found that cannot be reduced to the ABs of a single-component nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Expansion-contraction cycle of the corresponding spectra with an infinite number of sidebands is calculated analytically using a residue theorem.

Exact Analytic Spectra of Asymmetric Modulation Instability in Systems with Self-Steepening Effect.

Nonlinear waves become asymmetric when asymmetric physical effects are present within the system. One example is the self-steepening effect. When exactly balanced with dispersion, it leads to a fully integrable system governed by the Chen-Lee-Liu equation.

Off-site and on-site vortex solitons in space-fractional photonic lattices.

We address the existence and stability of off-site and on-site vortex solitons with a unit topological charge in space-fractional Kerr lattices. In contrast to the reported ordinary Kerr lattices, vortex solitons in the proposed space-fractional lattices are stable only in the intermediate region of propagation constant, and this region widens rapidly with the increase of a Lévy index. Under the same Lévy index, the stability range of on-site vortices is larger than that of off-site ones.

Real-Time Observation of the Buildup of Soliton Molecules.

Real-time spectroscopy access to ultrafast fiber lasers opens new opportunities for exploring complex soliton interaction dynamics. Here, we have reported the first observation, to the best of our knowledge, of the entire buildup process of soliton molecules (SMs) in a mode-locked laser. We have observed that the birth dynamics of a stable SM experiences five different stages, i.

Distributed ultrafast fibre laser.

A traditional ultrafast fibre laser has a constant cavity length that is independent of the pulse wavelength. The investigation of distributed ultrafast (DUF) lasers is conceptually and technically challenging and of great interest because the laser cavity length and fundamental cavity frequency are changeable based on the wavelength. Here, we propose and demonstrate a DUF fibre laser based on a linearly chirped fibre Bragg grating, where the total cavity length is linearly changeable as a function of the pulse wavelength.

Generation of bidirectional stretched pulses in a nanotube-mode-locked fiber laser.

The bidirectional stretched pulses in a nanotube-based erbium-doped fiber laser are observed experimentally for the first time to our best knowledge. The proposed fiber laser generates two stable pulse trains in opposite directions with different central wavelengths, pulse widths, and repetition rates. In addition, the bidirectional operations with the same central wavelengths are also demonstrated by changing the polarization controller and pump power.